A. Androsov, and A. Androsov, and V. Fofonova, and I. Kuznetsov, and S. Danilov, and S. Danilov, and S. Danilov, and N. Rakowsky, and S. Harig, and H. Brix, and K. H. Wiltshire

<p>We describe FESOM-C, the coastal branch of the Finite-volumE Sea ice – Ocean Model (FESOM2), which shares with FESOM2 many numerical aspects, in particular its finite-volume cell-vertex discretization. Its dynamical core differs in the implementation of time stepping, the use of a terrain-following vertical coordinate, and the formulation for hybrid meshes composed of triangles and quads. The first two distinctions were critical for coding FESOM-C as an independent branch. The hybrid mesh cap...

M. Ionita, and M. Ionita, and K. Grosfeld, and P. Scholz, and R. Treffeisen, and G. Lohmann, and G. Lohmann

<p>Sea ice in both polar regions is an important indicator of the expression of global climate change and its polar amplification. Consequently, broad interest exists on sea ice coverage, variability and long-term change. However, its predictability is complex and it depends strongly on different atmospheric and oceanic parameters. In order to provide insights into the potential development of a monthly/seasonal signal of sea ice evolution, we applied a robust statistical model based on differen...

Richeek Pradhan, and Soumita De, and Nidhi Choudhary, and Shibabrata Mukherjee, and Gobinda Chatterjee, and Arghyaprasun Ghosh, and Mitali Chatterjee, and Suparna Chatterjee

Background: Generalized vitiligo is a disease with unpredictable bursts of activity, goal of treatment during the active phase being to stabilize the lesions. This emphasizes the need for a prospective marker for monitoring disease activity to help decide the duration of therapy. Aims and Objectives: In the present study, we examined whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in erythrocytes can be translated into a marker of activity in vitiligo. Materials and Methods: Level of intracellul...

Ana Carolina Kanitz, and Eduardo Marczwski da Silva, and Cristine Lima Alberton, and Luiz Fernando Martins Kruel

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar as respostas cardiorrespiratórias de um exercício de hidroginástica (corrida estacionária) realizado com e sem deslocamento horizontal no meio terrestre (MT), em piscina funda (PF) e em piscina rasa (PR). Seis mulheres jovens realizaram os exercícios durante 4 min numa cadência de 80 bpm. O exercício consistia em flexão e extensão de quadril com os braços simulando um movimento de corrida. A frequência cardíaca (FC) e o consumo de oxigênio (VO2 ) foram coletados...

JR Stothard, and P Mook, and AF Mgeni, and IS Khamis, and AN Khamis, and D Rollinson

To improve health education within primary schools, the health education booklet Juma na kichocho was evaluated during a study within 5 schools using key-informant questionnaires that recorded children's knowledge and attitude (KA) towards schistosomiasis before and after daily structured-use of booklets. A total of 229 schoolchildren (114 boys : 115 girls) of between 11 and 15 years of age were interviewed and re-assessed after a working school week. Existing and putative booklet-induced change...

Waleed H Almalki, and Ashraf Nabiel Abdalla, and Ahmed F Elkeraie, and Ahmed M Abdelhadi, and Mahmoud Elrggal, and Mohamed E Elrggal

Fluorescein angiography (FA) is an important tool for the diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy. However, the safety of fluorescein sodium on renal functions is not fully understood. One hundred type 2 diabetes patients, within the Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic at Alexandria Main University Hospital, Egypt, were enrolled in this prospective observational study to determine the safety of FA on renal function. Serum creatinine and cystatin C were measured pre- and 2 days post-FA. Urin...

Amita Singh, and Santosh Hunasgi, and Anila Koneru, and M Vanishree, and Surekha Ramalu, and Vardendra Manvikar

Introduction: The fixation of cytological smears using ethanol is the gold standard. But, there exists a quench to search a new alternative for it due to it being expensive, carcinogenic and not freely available. Honey has various properties, like dehydrant, anti-bacterial and antioxidant. The use of honey as a preservative in funerary practices is well documented. A thorough search in the literature did not reveal any matter for the utility of honey as a fixative in cytological smear, but its u...

M. Duflos, and L. Prieur, and V. Raybaud, and M. Pujo-Pay, and J. F. Ghiglione, and D. Aritio D., and C. Guigue, and M. Goutx

Changes in concentration and composition of Iatroscan-measured dissolved lipids were examined at a daily to month scale, in relation to the hydrological and biological context at a central site of the Ligurian sea, NW Mediterranean during the PECHE-DYNAPROC 2 experiment (14 September to 17 October 2004). Lipid concentrations (excluding hydrocarbons) (TLd-HC) and TLd-HC to DOC ratios in the 0–1000 m water column, varied from 5.3 to 48.5 &amp;mu;g l^&amp;minus;1 and 0.01 to 0.09, respect...

Natalia Hanazaki, and Jules M. R. Soto, and Marília M. Pupo

The five species of sea turtles, which inhabit the Brazilian shore, have a wordwide distribution and are threatened with extinction. The south of Brazil is characterized as a feeding and breeding area of at least three of these species. The presence of turtles close to the shore and their incidental catch are occurrences reported by artisan fishermen of the Island of Santa Catarina in this work. The study was based on a questionnaire, applied to fishermen and fishfarmers at selected spots on the...

Flávia Maria Maciel Carneiro de Souza, and Gustavo Arretche Messias, and Diogo Henrique Feijó Fialho, and Roberta Borda Soares, and Eudes de Souza Correia

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o crescimento do camarão Farfantepenaeus subtilis submetido a diferentes regimes de fertilização usando fertilizantes orgânicos e inorgânicos. O desenho experimental consistiu de três tratamentos e três repetições: controle (CT) – 3 mg L-1 de ureia e 0,3 mg L-1 de monoamônio fosfato; farelo de trigo (FT) – 25 g m-2; farelo de soja (FS) – 18,75 g m-2. Nove tanques de 500 L foram estocados com 16 camarões m-2 (≈ 2,7 g), os quais foram alimentados com ração comercial...

Vinicius Abilhoa, and Luiz F. Duboc, and Damil P. de Azevedo Filho

Foram avaliadas a composição, a dieta, as táticas alimentares e ocupação espacial da ictiofauna em um pequeno riacho dentro de um remanescente de Floresta com Araucária. Seis espécies de peixes foram coletadas, pertencentes a três ordens e quatro famílias, totalizando 110 exemplares. No ambiente de corredeira foram coletados e observados apenas Trichomycterus castroi Pinna, 1992 and Trichomycterus davisi Haseman, 1911, enquanto que no ambiente de remanso foram observados e capturados exemplares ...

Perica Cetinić, and Frane Škeljo, and Josipa Ferri

Scientific observer records were used to estimate the retained and discarded catch composition of the commercial boat seine fisheries over Posidonia oceanica (Linnaeus) Delile meadows in the eastern Adriatic, from November 2008 to December 2009. A total of 91 fish and cephalopod species were recorded in the catches, of which 20 species were always retained, 40 were always discarded and the remaining 31 were selected depending on size (only larger specimens were retained). The most abundant speci...

І. О. Osinna, and N. I. Shtemenko

Composition of surface lipids of aquatic plants Acorus calamus L., Typha latifolia L. and Carex acuta L. was investigated under the influence of nonylphenol strong solution. Experimental plants showed some significant changes in the surface lipids composition in comparison with a control. Change in the fatty acids composition, decrease of hydrocarbons content and biosynthetical disorder in the elongation processes of some certain components were revealed.

J. E. Rheuban, and S. Williamson, and J. E. Costa, and D. M. Glover, and R. W. Jakuba, and D. C. McCorkle, and C. Neill, and T. Williams, and S. C. Doney

Degradation of coastal ecosystems by eutrophication is largely defined by nitrogen loading from land via surface water and groundwater flows. However, indicators of water quality are highly variable due to a myriad of other drivers, including temperature and precipitation. To evaluate these drivers, we examined spatial and temporal trends in a 22-year record of summer water quality data from 122 stations in 17 embayments within Buzzards Bay, MA (USA), collected through a citizen science monitori...

Tim eLachnit, and Tim eLachnit, and Tim eLachnit, and Tim eLachnit, and Torsten eThomas, and Peter eSteinberg, and Peter eSteinberg

Marine seaweeds are holobionts comprised of the macroalgal hosts and their associated microbiota. While the composition of the bacterial component of seaweed microbiomes is increasingly studied, almost nothing is known about the presence, diversity and composition of viruses in macroalgae in situ. In this study, we characterise for the first time the viruses associated with a red macroalga, Delisea pulchra. Using transmission electron microscopy we identified diverse morphotypes of virus-like pa...

N. SIMBOURA, and M. TSAPAKIS, and A. PAVLIDOU, and G. ASSIMAKOPOULOU, and K. PAGOU, and H. KONTOYANNIS, and C. ZERI, and E. KRASAKOPOULOU, and E. ROUSSELAKI, and N. KATSIARAS, and S. DILIBERTO, and M. NALETAKI, and K. TSIAMIS, and V. GERAKARIS, and P. DRAKOPOULOU, and P. PANAYOTIDIS

A  methodology is presented to assess the environmental status sensu the Marine Strategy Water Framework Directive (MSFD) based on data obtained from the monitoring of water quality in the Hellenic coastal waters within the Water Framework Directive (WFD).   An adapted decision tree used for integrating the results of the WFD in the Basque country was applied. Modifications lie to the evaluation of the physicochemical status based on a eutrophication index developed for Eastern Mediterranean wat...

Xin eLin, and Lu eWang, and Xinguo eShi, and Senjie eLin, and Senjie eLin

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is a key enzyme that enables marine phytoplankton to scavenge phosphorus (P) from dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) when inorganic phosphate is scarce in the ocean. Yet how the AP gene has evolved in phytoplankton, particularly dinoflagellates, is poorly understood. We sequenced full-length AP genes and corresponding complementary DNA (cDNA) from 15 strains (10 species), representing 4 classes of the core dinoflagellate lineage, Gymnodiniales, Prorocentrales, Suessiale...

Nico J. Smit, and Wynand Malherbe, and Kerry A. Hadfield

The global translocation and introduction of freshwater fish into non-native regions has created the perfect opportunity for the co-introduction of their parasites. In a recent review on non-native freshwater fish introductions in South Africa, 55 fishes were reported as introduced into novel environments in South Africa, with 27 alien and 28 extralimital. However, the parasites potentially co-introduced by these non-native fishes have received much less attention from researchers than the hosts...

D. Massi, and S. Vitale, and A. Titone, and G. Milisenda, and M. Gristina, and F. Fiorentino

Leiopathes glaberrima is an important component of the deep coral forests of the Mediterranean Sea enhancing benthic biodiversity and forming an essential habitat for many marine organisms. It is a sessile species with high longevity; it is therefore highly affected by fishing impacts and has been listed as a representative taxon of Vulnerable Marine Ecoystems (VMEs). Since information on spatial distribution of L. glaberrima is still scanty and fragmented, an updated synopsis of its distributio...

G. Chimienti, and L. Angeletti, and F. Mastrototaro

Aggregations of sea pens are important soft-bottom communities providing a three-dimensional complexity from which several associated species can benefit. The red sea pen Pennatula rubra is one of the Mediterranean coastal field-forming sea pens able to establish dense aggregations on the sandy/muddy bottoms of the infra- and circumlittoral zones. This species was first described at the end of the 17th century, but since then little information has been published about its biology, ecology and b...

L. Donnarumma, and R. Bruno, and A. Terlizzi, and G. F. Russo

The population structure of Jujubinus striatus and Jujubinus exasperatus (Trochidae), common gastropod grazers of Posidonia oceanica leaves, was investigated in the seagrass bed off Lacco Ameno of Ischia (Gulf of Naples). Sampling was performed monthly, from July 1981 to June 1982, at five stations along a depth gradient (1, 3, 10, 15 and 25 m), using a hand-towed net. Throughout the study period, both populations were characterised by seasonal fluctuations in abundance, with a total of 550 indi...

May El Hachem, and Damiano Abeni, and Andrea Diociaiuti, and Roberta Rotunno, and Francesco Gesualdo, and Giovanna Zambruno, and Christine Bodermer

Abstract Background Inherited ichthyoses are rare disorders characterized by generalized skin scaling. Among them, autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCI) form a major subgroup presenting lifelong and severely disabling cutaneous and extracutaneous features and symptoms for which no curative treatment is available. Management relies on daily time-consuming and distressing topical medications. Disease manifestations, symptoms, and daily care affect not only the patient self-perception, b...

F. Lehmann, and J. Rau, and B. Malcolm, and M. Sander, and C. von Heymann, and T. Moormann, and T. Geyer, and F. Balzer, and K. D. Wernecke, and L. Kaufner

Abstract Background Adult cardiac surgery is often complicated by elevated blood losses that account for elevated transfusion requirements. Perioperative bleeding and transfusion of blood products are major risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Timely diagnostic and goal-directed therapies aim at the reduction of bleeding and need for allogeneic transfusions. Methods Single-centre, prospective, randomized trial assessing blood loss and transfusion requirements of 26 adult patients undergoing...

Weiyi Tang, and Seaver Wang, and Debany Fonseca-Batista, and Frank Dehairs, and Scott Gifford, and Aridane G. Gonzalez, and Morgane Gallinari, and Hélène Planquette, and Géraldine Sarthou, and Nicolas Cassar

The geographical distribution and controlling factors of marine N2 fixation are understudied. Here the authors find increasing rates of N2 fixation from the Sargasso Sea to the coastal waters of North America, driven primarily by cyanobacterial diazotrophs and best correlated with phosphorus availability and chlorophyll-a concentrations.

Alexander Burkhardt, and Christine Buff, and Leonie Brinkmann, and Katharina Feldker, and Bettina Gathmann, and David Hofmann, and Thomas Straube

Abstract Despite considerable effort, the neural correlates of altered threat-related processing in panic disorder (PD) remain inconclusive. Mental imagery of disorder-specific situations proved to be a powerful tool to investigate dysfunctional threat processing in anxiety disorders. The current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study aimed at investigating brain activation in PD patients during disorder-related script-driven imagery. Seventeen PD patients and seventeen healthy contr...

Job Wasonga, and Betty Ojeny, and Gordon Oluoch, and Ben Okech

The study assessed the implementation of Kenya comprehensive school health pilot intervention program. This pilot program has informed the Kenya Comprehensive School Health Policy which is a critical document in the achievement of Millennium Development Goals relating to child health, gender equality, universal education and environmental sustainability. The study was based on focus group discussions, field observations and in-depth interviews with government officers who implemented the pilot p...

Walaa Hassan Ibrahim, and Abdel Hafeez Hassan Nimir, and Suleiman Mohammed El Sanosusi, and Yassir Adam Shuaib

Objective: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2014 in Khartoum state, the Sudan, to investigate aerobic bacteria and fungi of skin lesions of fish in 3 different areas in Khartoum. Material and methods: A total of 50 samples were collected from the skin lesions of different types of fish including Synodontis species (n=17), Tilapia niloticus (n=15), Labeo niloticus (n=10), Hydrocynus species (n=4), and Clarias species (n=4). Liquid, semi-solid, and solid culture media l...

Hellot Marie-France, and Dahamna Badisse, and Darmoni Stefan J, and Sibert Louis, and Weber Jacques, and Charlin Bernard

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Script Concordance test (SC) test is an assessment tool that measures the capacity to solve ill-defined problems, that is, reasoning in a context of uncertainty. This study assesses the feasibility, reliability and validity of the SC test made available on the Web to French urologists.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A 97 items SC test was developed based on major educational objectives of French urology training programmes. A secure Web site was created with two s...

Moghadam Hooman K, and Ferguson Moira M, and Timusk Evan R, and Norman Joseph D, and Wilson Chris C, and Danzmann Roy G

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Salmonids are regarded as 4R derivative species, having experienced 4 whole genome duplication events in their ancestry. Many duplicated chromosome regions still share extensive homology with one another which is maintained primarily through male-based homeologous chromosome pairings during meiosis. The formation of quadrivalents during meiosis leads to pseudolinkage. This phenomenon is more prevalent within 5 of the 12 ancestral teleost linkage groups in sal...

Wilhelm Steven W, and LeCleir Gary R, and Loar Star N, and Budinoff Charles R, and Buchan Alison

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Epifluorescence microscopy is a common method used to enumerate virus-like particles (VLP) from environmental samples and relies on the use of filter membranes with pore sizes < 0.02 μm; the most commonly used protocols employ 25 mm Anodisc™ membranes with a built-in support ring. Other filters with small pore sizes exist, including the 13 mm Anodisc™ membranes without a support ring. However, the use of these membranes for viral enumeration has not been prev...

Mann Matthias, and Poustka Albert J, and Mann Karlheinz

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The organic matrix contained in biominerals plays an important role in regulating mineralization and in determining biomineral properties. However, most components of biomineral matrices remain unknown at present. In sea urchin tooth, which is an important model for developmental biology and biomineralization, only few matrix components have been identified. The recent publication of the <it>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus </it>genome sequence rendered possible...

Raafat May, and Silverman Henry J, and Khalil Susan S, and El-Kamary Samer, and El-Setouhy Maged

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Medical research must involve the participation of human subjects. Knowledge of patients' perspectives and concerns with their involvement in research would enhance recruitment efforts, improve the informed consent process, and enhance the overall trust between patients and investigators. Several studies have examined the views of patients from Western countries. There is limited empirical research involving the perspectives of individuals from developing cou...

Venn-Watson Stephanie, and Benham Celeste, and Gulland Frances M, and Smith Cynthia R, and St Leger Judy, and Yochem Pam, and Nollens Hendrik, and Blas-Machado Uriel, and Saliki Jeremiah, and Colegrove Katie, and Wellehan James FX, and Rivera Rebecca

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Herpesviruses have been recognized in marine mammals, but their clinical relevance is not always easy to assess. A novel otarine herpesvirus-3 (OtHV3) was detected in a geriatric California sea lion (<it>Zalophus californianus</it>), and using a newly developed quantitative PCR assay paired with histology, OtHV3 was associated with esophageal ulcers and B cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in this animal. The prevalence and quantities of OtHV3 were then determined among buffy coats f...

Murray Margaret, and Earley Bernadette

<p>Abstract</p> <p>The objective was to investigate the effect of transport on inflammatory, adrenocortical, metabolic and behavioural responses of weanling heifers transported from Ireland to Spain.</p> <p>Background</p> <p>At the end of the grazing season, 60 Charolais × beef heifers (mean live weight 245, s.e. 4.3 kg and mean weaning age 219, s.e. 4.9 days) were abruptly weaned from their dams on day 0. The animals were assigned by live weight to two treatments, transport (T) (n = 40) (mean 2...

Manrique Nelson, and Dorado Daniel, and Aguilar Catalina, and Sánchez Juan A

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Colonial invertebrates such as corals exhibit nested levels of modularity, imposing a challenge to the depiction of their morphological evolution. Comparisons among diverse Caribbean gorgonian corals suggest decoupling of evolution at the polyp vs. branch/internode levels. Thus, evolutionary change in polyp form or size (the colonial module <it>sensu stricto</it>) does not imply a change in colony form (constructed of modular branches and other emergent featu...

Deschutter Jorge, and Cañavate Carmen, and Nieto Javier, and Acosta Lucrecia, and Gutiérrez Mariana N, and Cruz Israel, and Bornay-Llinares Fernando J

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>An increasing number of reports are calling our attention to the worldwide spread of leishmaniasis. The urbanization of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been observed in different South American countries, due to changes in demographic and ecological factors. In May 2006, VL was detected for the first time in the city of Posadas (Misiones, Argentina). This event encouraged us to conduct a clinical and parasitological pilot survey on domestic dogs from...

Hiroo Satoh, and Kentaro Watanabe, and Takao Hoshiai

Annual primary production of ice algae and phytoplankton under fast ice near Syowa Station (69°00′S, 39°35′E), Antarctica, was estimated. Mean daily production in each month from February 1983 to January 1984 was calculated with a mathematical model based on measured parameters of solar radiation, day length, attenuation coefficients of snow, ice and water, chlorophyll α standing stock, quantum yield for photosynthesis etc. Solar radiation measured at Syowa Station ranged from 0Em^<-2>h^<-1> in ...

Alex Augusto Gonçalves, and Marcelo Gonzalez Passos

This study aimed at determining the influence of three concentrations of commercial transglutaminase enzyme in restructured fillet of minced fish from white croacker (Micropogonias furnieri), one of the four marine species with notability in Brazil. The restructured fillet developed had advantages when compared to traditional fillet, such as absence of spine and less flavour intensity (washes cycles). Washing process for white croacker mince was compared with five clarification agents: water (co...

György Á.I., and Tátrai I., and Specziár A.

We examined whether gillnetting and hydroacoustics provide comparable relative fish density and fish size distribution estimates in the uppermost water layer of a shallow turbid lake and whether the inclusion of environmental and stock parameters could improve comparability of data between different gears. According to gillnetting, most fish shorter than 14 cm in total length were Alburnus alburnus, and most fish longer than 14 cm were Pelecus cultratus. Size distributions and median si...

Kabir Sardana, and Tanvi Gupta, and Bipul Kumar, and Hemant K Gautam, and Vijay K Garg

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide problem in acne patients due to regional prescription practices, patient compliance, and genomic variability in Propionibacterium acnes, though the effect of treatment on the resistance has not been comprehensively analyzed. Aims: Our primary objective was to assess the level of antibiotic resistance in the Indian patients and to assess whether there was a difference in the resistance across common treatment groups. Subjects and Methods: A cross-s...

Mincheol Ryu, and Dong Soo Jeon, and Yooil Kim

Numerous experiments with a scaled pilot facility were carried out to compare the relative bulk transfer performance of three special devices for applications to drilling systems. The pipe diameter for bulk transportation was 3 in., which corresponds to around half of the actual system dimensions. Two different pressures, 3 and 4 bar, were considered to check the relative performance under different pressure conditions at a bulk storage tank. And to make a practical estimation method of the bulk...

Francisco Eugenio, and J. Marcello, and A. Hernández-Guerra, and E. Rovaris

A methodology to obtain the sea surface temperature (SST) in the Canary-Azores-Gibraltar area has been developed. The final accuracy of the AVHRR-based SST retrievals depends both on the accuracy of the measured radiance and the accuracy of the SST retrieval algorithm that converts the measured radiance into sea surface temperature. The procedure made in this framework consists of: (i) a radiance-based non-linearity correction method; (ii) an automatic procedure for the geometric correction, ach...

Juan A. Sánchez, and Angela P. Fuentes-Pardo, and Íde Ní Almhain, and Néstor E. Ardila-Espitia, and Jaime Cantera-Kintz, and Manu Forero-Shelton

Background. Background matching, as a camouflage strategy, is one of the most outstanding examples of adaptation, where little error or mismatch means high vulnerability to predation. It is assumed that the interplay of natural selection and adaptation are the main evolutionary forces shaping the great diversity of phenotypes observed in mimicry; however, there may be other significant processes that intervene in the development of mimicry such as phenotypic plasticity. Based on observations of ...

V. Vakkari, and E. J. O'Connor, and A. Nisantzi, and R. E. Mamouri, and D. G. Hadjimitsis

Mixing layer height (MLH) is one of the key parameters in describing lower tropospheric dynamics and capturing its diurnal variability is crucial, especially for interpreting surface observations. In this paper we introduce a method for identifying MLH below the minimum range of a scanning Doppler lidar when operated at vertical. The method we propose is based on velocity variance in low-elevation-angle conical scanning and is applied to measurements in two very different coastal environments: L...

Natoshia R. Cunningham, and Lauren M. Fussner, and Erin Moorman, and Pinar O. Avar Aydin, and Hermine I. Brunner, and Susmita Kashikar-Zuck

Abstract Background To develop and test the feasibility and initial effectiveness of the Treatment and Education Approach for Childhood-onset Lupus (TEACH) protocol, a 6-session cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention for adolescents and young adults (AYA) with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE). Methods Females with cSLE (n = 14; ages 13–19 years, M = 16.21 years) presenting to a pediatric rheumatology clinic subsequently completed the protocol, which was iteratively mo...

Johan S. Sáenz, and Tamires Valim Marques, and Rafael Simões Coelho Barone, and José Eurico Possebon Cyrino, and Susanne Kublik, and Joseph Nesme, and Michael Schloter, and Susanne Rath, and Gisle Vestergaard

Abstract Background Aquaculture is on the rise worldwide, and the use of antibiotics is fostering higher production intensity. However, recent findings suggest that the use of antibiotics comes at the price of increased antibiotic resistance. Yet, the effect of the oral administration of antibiotics on the mobility of microbial resistance genes in the fish gut is not well understood. In the present study, Piaractus mesopotamicus was used as a model to evaluate the effect of the antimicrobial flo...

Mareen Moeller, and Samuel Nietzer, and Peter J. Schupp

Abstract Settlement of pelagic coral larvae is commonly induced by chemical cues that originate from biofilms and coralline algae. These natural settlement cues initiate signal pathways leading to attachment and metamorphosis of the coral larva. In order to investigate the settlement process and its natural inducers, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of these signal pathways. At present, the pathways and neurotransmitters involved in this signal transduction are still widely unknown...

Dezhao Liu, and Jiawei Li, and Changwei Li, and Yale Deng, and Zeqing Zhang, and Zhangying Ye, and Songming Zhu

Abstract In this study, Poly(butylene succinate)/bamboo powder (PBS/BP) was newly applied and tested for 8 months as the carbon source in two moving bed reactors for nitrate removal in real RAS wastewater (fresh/sea water), with the purposes of simultaneous reducing the cost of PBS packing and effluent DOC. Fast start-ups were obtained in both reactors, in which high denitrification rates were observed (0.68 ± 0.03 and 0.83 ± 0.11 kg $${{\bf{NO}}}_{{\bf{3}}}^{-}$$ NO3− -N m−3 d−1 for fresh and s...

Lorrie Maccario, and Shelly D. Carpenter, and Jody W. Deming, and Timothy M. Vogel, and Catherine Larose

Abstract Sea ice and its snow cover are critical for global processes including climate regulation and biogeochemical cycles. Despite an increase in studies focused on snow microorganisms, the ecology of snow inhabitants remains unclear. In this study, we investigated sources and selection of a snowpack-specific microbial community by comparing metagenomes from samples collected in a Greenlandic fjord within a vertical profile including atmosphere, snowpack with four distinct layers of snow, sea...

Jéssica Carreira de Paula, and Vânia Cristina Desoti, and Eloísa Gibin Sampiron, and Solange Cardoso Martins, and Tânia Ueda-Nakamura, and Suzi Meneses Ribeiro, and Everson Miguel Bianco, and Sueli de Oliveira Silva, and Gibson Gomes de Oliveira, and Celso Vataru Nakamura

Chagas’ disease is a parasitic infection caused by protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi that affect millions of people worldwide. The available drugs for treatment of this infection cause serious side effects and have variable efficacy, especially in the chronic phase of the disease. In this context, natural compounds have shown great potential for the discovery of new chemotherapies for the treatment of this infection and various other diseases. In present study, we evaluated the in vitro antiprotozoal ...