S. Gaztelumendi, and S. Gaztelumendi, and J. Egaña, and J. Egaña, and P. Liria, and J. A. Aranda, and J. A. Aranda

<p>In this work we analysed a case from 9 February 2016 from two points of view, the meteorological–ocean characteristics of the event and the damage produced during the episode in the Basque coastal area. On 7 and 8 February 2016 an intense zonal circulation was established in the Atlantic, with very strong westerly winds (over 100 km h⁻¹) and high fetch (more than 2000 km). As a consequence a strong swell (over 7 m) arrived on the Basque coast affecting littoral areas. The wav...

S. Bohlmann, and S. Bohlmann, and H. Baars, and M. Radenz, and R. Engelmann, and A. Macke

<p>The multi-wavelength Raman lidar Polly<span style="position:relative; bottom:0.5em; " class="text">XT</span> has been regularly operated aboard the research vessel <i>Polarstern</i> on expeditions across the Atlantic Ocean from north to south and vice versa. The lidar measurements of the RV <i>Polarstern</i> cruises PS95 from Bremerhaven, Germany, to Cape Town, Republic of South Africa (November 2015), and PS98 from Punta Arenas, Chile, to Bremerhaven, Germany (April/May 2016), are pres...

Q. Xiao, and Q. Xiao, and Q. Xiao, and M. Li, and M. Li, and M. Li, and H. Liu, and H. Liu, and M. Fu, and M. Fu, and M. Fu, and F. Deng, and F. Deng, and Z. Lv, and Z. Lv, and H. Man, and H. Man, and X. Jin, and X. Jin, and S. Liu, and S. Liu, and K. He, and K. He

<p>Emissions from ships at berth play an important role regarding the exposure of high density human populations to atmospheric pollutants in port areas; however, these emissions are not well understood. In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particle emissions from 20 container ships at berth were sampled and analyzed during the <q>fuel switch</q> period at Jingtang Port in Hebei Province, China. VOCs and particles were analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (...

Laurent Bollag, and Srdjan Jelacic, and Carlos Delgado Upegui, and Cynthia Wu, and Philippe Richebe

Background: The PMD100™ (Medasense Biometrics Ltd., Ramat Yishai, Israel) is a novel non-invasive nociception monitor that integrates physiological parameters to compute a real-time nociception level index (NOL) in the anesthetized patients. Thoracic epidural analgesia provides effective analgesia and improves surgical outcomes. Side effects include sympathectomy, hypotension, changes in skin temperature and a decreased cardiac accelerator fiber tone. The purpose of this pilot study was to evalu...

G. Jeelani, and R. D. Deshpande, and M. Galkowski, and K. Rozanski

The flow of the Himalayan rivers, a key source of fresh water for more than a billion people primarily depends upon the strength, behaviour and duration of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and the western disturbances (WD), two contrasting circulation regimes of the regional atmosphere. An analysis of the ²H and ¹⁸O isotope composition of daily precipitation collected along the southern foothills of the Himalayas, combined with extensive backward trajectory modelling,...

Baghdad Science Journal

A total of 722 algal taxa are recorded in Diyala River by different authors. Most of the identification algae belong to three Divisions: Bacillariophyceae (367, 50.8%), Chlorophyceae (179, 24.8%), and Cyanophyceae (126, 17.5%).

Baghdad Science Journal

The present study conducted to study epipelic algae in the Tigris River within Baghdad city for one year from September 2011 to August 2012 due to the importance role of benthic algae in lotic ecosystems. Five sites have been chosen along the river. A total of 154 species of epipelic algae was recorded belongs to 45 genera, where Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) was the dominant groups followed by Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae. The numbers of common types in three sites were 47 species. Bacil...

Baghdad Science Journal

This study aimed to identify the histological changes of mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis) exposed to vydate pesticide. (48) female fishes were collected from local markets and also from the stream that surround Baghdad university campus at Al-jadyria, fishes divided into (4) groups and each group consist of 12 fish: T1(exposed to 0.0000001 mg/L),T2 (exposed to 0.0000002 mg/L ) and T3 (exposed to 0.000001 mg /L) of vydate pesticide for (8) weeks. As well as a control group. Fishes were dissected...

Baghdad Science Journal

Regular sampling for six months from January to July 2012 were taken in small, shallow, perennial, standing ponds near the Greater Zab River, Gwer district, Erbil. A variety of physicochemical parameters were determined. Air and water temperature were falling between 15.2 - 34.7 ? C and 15.5 and 26.5 ?C. The waters are neutral (pH 7.38-8.27), hard, alkaline, salty, high in TDS and EC (892-966?S/cm, and rich in nutrients (NO3: 2.1-4.1mg/l, PO4: 0.33-0.62 mg / l , SO4: 24.7-80.2 mg / l ). The...

Baghdad Science Journal

The present study is concern with the interaction between the naidid worms diversity and the species of aquatic plant within which the worms found . For this purpose, two species of aquatic plant were used, Ceratophyllum demersum and Eichhornia crassipes. 12 samples of aquatic plants were collected , as one sample monthly for a period from September 2012 to September 2013 from different site on Tigris river within Baghdad City. From C. demersum, 1428 individuals, were sorted during the stu...

Zhao D G, and Jiang Y, and Bao J W, and Wang J Q, and Jia H

Outfitting pallet picking involves the retrieval of items from their storage sites in shipbuilding enterprises. A major issue in manual pallet picking operations is the transformation of outfitting pallets into picking batches (pallet batching). Considering the influence to the subsequent distribution and production processes, a mathematical model for the batching and picking problem of outfitting pallets is formulated with the objective of minimizing the total tardiness of all pallets. Accordin...

Y. Liu, and Q. Xia, and Q. Cheng, and X. Wang

Geo-anomalies with complex structures in the earth's crust may be defined as preferable hydrothermal ore-forming targets. The separation and explanation of anomaly from geological background have a profound influence on the analysis of geological evolution and the ore-forming process. Usually one of the key steps to identify favorable exploration targets is to determine the threshold to separate anomaly from geological background. In this paper, the singularity theory and concentration–area (<i>...

Lida Tafaghodi, and Seyed Mohammad Seyed-Hosseni, and Ahmad Makui

In this study, the integrated forward/reverse logistics network is investigated, and a capacitated multi-stage, multi-product logistics network design is proposed by formulating a generalized logistics network problem into a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model (MINLP) for minimizing the total cost of the closed-loop supply chain network. Moreover, the proposed model is solved by using optimization solver, which provides the decisions related to the facility location problem, optimum quanti...

Nieto, Susana, and Gutiérrez, Jorge, and Sanhueza, Julio, and Valenzuela, Alfonso

The preparation of sn-2 eicosapentaenoyi glycerol and sn-2 docosahexaenoyi glycerol by the hydrolysis of fish oil by the sn-1, sn-3 stereo-specific immobilised lipase (Lipozyme IM-20) from <i>mucor miehei</i> is described. Monoacylglycerols obtained after the enzymatic hydrolysis were separated by silver nitrate-coated silicic acid column chromatography Both monoacylglycerols can be individually separated in almost pure form by elution from the column with a solvent mixture. The preparation of s...

Tania Maria Netto, and Rochele Paz Fonseca, and Jesus Landeira-Fernandez

O presente estudo piloto investigou o efeito terapêutico de um programa de reabilitação da memória (RM), com avaliações pré e pós-intervenção, em um grupo de idosos com queixas mnemônicas e sintomas sugestivos de depressão. A amostra foi composta por sete idosos entre 65 a 80 anos de idade, acima de sete anos de estudo formal. A RM consistiu de 24 sessões, realizadas duas vezes por semana, cada com duração de 90 minutos. Esta intervenção incluiu técnicas de aprendizagem explícita e implícita, co...

C. F. Lóss, and E. B. Azevedo, and M. Dezotti

Results obtained in a pilot-scale unit designed for COD removal and p-TBC (p-tert-butylcatechol) recovery from a butadiene washing stream (pH 14, 200,000 mg COD L-1, highly toxic) at a petrochemical industry are presented. By adding H3PO4, phase separation is achieved and p-TBC is successfully recovered (88 g L-1 of washing stream). Information (time for phase separation and organic phase characterization) was gathered for designing a future industrial unit. The estimated heat generation rate wa...

Arunima Ghosh, and Prabir Chakraborti

Reproductive biology of three dominating mangrove species Rhizophora mucronata, Ceriops decandra and Avicennia marina from the Indian Sunderbans were studied. A comparative account on all floral parts revealed that as the bud progresses to completely open, the length of androecium surpassed the length of gynoecium and the anther matured first thus showing protandrous nature and favouring cross-fertilization. A study of pollen grain viability revealed that all of them produces fairly good amoun...

Laura eGómez-Consarnau, and Sergio A Sañudo-Wilhelmy, and Sergio A Sañudo-Wilhelmy

Lucas Buruaem Moreira, and Thaisa Marques Vicente, and Satie Taniguchi, and Marcos Antonio Hortellani, and Jorge Eduardo Souza Sarkis, and Marcia Caruso Bícego, and Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa

Abstract The presence of legacy contaminants in sediments from three Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of the coast of São Paulo State was evaluated. Four sampling surveys were conducted between 2013 and 2015 in 10 sites, distributed along the Laje de Santos Marine and Xixova-Japui State Parks (PEMLS and XJSP, respectively) and Central Coast Marine Protection Area (APAMLC). Samples were analyzed for sediment texture, total organic carbon, CaCO3, metals (Al, Fe, Hg, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn), al...

Iličić Gordana, and Maksimović Milorad, and Vojinović Đorđe

The objective of the practical part in this article was to explore the influence of different parameters on coagulation and flocculation processes as well as the influence of this stage on other stages in water purification. Analysis of the water samples was conducted in the chemical laboratory of Banja Luka Municipal Waterworks using standard methods for analyzing drinking water. The results are presented as diagrams that show the dependence of different parameters as a function of the residual...

Robert Ulewicz, and Alan Vaško, and Dorota-Klimecka-Tatar

The paper presents analysis of the controlling application in logistic processes in the foundry of the cast iron. Controlling of quality was introduced in order to raise efficiency of the foundry of the cast iron management. A comparative method was applied to examinations. Two spheres were compared to managing of the organization: managing the quality by the sphere with the zone of management with finances. The purpose of this action is finding common features when supervising tasks in both th...

Naokazu Chiba, and Motohide Shimazu, and Kiminori Takano, and Go Oshima, and Koichi Tomita, and Toru Sano, and Masaaki Okihara, and Yosuke Ozawa, and Kosuke Hikita, and Takahiro Gunji, and Yuta Abe, and Kiyoshi Koizumi, and Shigeyuki Kawachi

Abstract Background A novel index, total liver LU15, has been identified as a surrogate marker for liver function. We evaluated the ability of preoperative remnant liver LU15 values to predict postoperative hepatic failure. Methods Preoperative risk factors for postoperative hepatic failure and remnant liver LU15 were evaluated in 123 patients undergoing liver resection for several diseases from September 1st, 2007 to December 1st, 2016. We calculated the remnant liver LU15 value from the total ...

Xiaoming Cui, and Heping Sun, and Jianqiao Xu, and Jiangcun Zhou, and Xiaodong Chen

Abstract In order to verify the time variability of free core nutation (FCN) period, global superconducting gravimeter (SG) observations were analyzed based on synthetic test data. The gravity data series were synthesized to check the detectability of resonance variation caused by FCN period change. The tests indicate that the discrepancy between the FCN periods determined by SG and VLBI observations is caused by the high correlation between the FCN parameter and the amplitude factor of the ψ1 w...

Noelia Díaz, and Francesc Piferrer

Abstract Background Understanding the consequences of thermal and chemical variations in aquatic habitats is of importance in a scenario of global change. In ecology, the sex ratio is a major population demographic parameter. So far, research that measured environmental perturbations on fish sex ratios has usually involved a few model species with a strong genetic basis of sex determination, and focused on the study of juvenile or adult gonads. However, the underlying mechanisms at the time of g...

Nazek Jisr, and Ghassan Younes, and Carol Sukhn, and Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki

Length-weight relationships (LWRs) and relative condition factor are of great importance in fishery assessment studies since it provide information about the growth of the fish, its general wellbeing, and fitness in a marine habitat. LWRs for 9 fish species collected from the marine area of Tripoli-El Mina, North Lebanon, were established, and their growth condition was evaluated. The results indicated that almost all captured species exhibited a negative allometric growth and tended to be thinn...

Safreen Shaikh Dawood Amanulla, and S.A. Akash, and John Robert, and Kumaresan Ramanathan, and Giri Padmanabhan, and Bhooma Vijayaraghavan

Background The Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) is identified to play a significant role in cardiac remodelling; gene polymorphism and its resulting associations with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) in diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients of this protein are yet to be established. Aim To analyse the association between BMP4 gene polymorphism and LVH in diabetic CKD patients. Materials and methods Isolation of DNA from whole blood samples of 50 patients each; patients diagnosed LV...

A. Malinka, and E. Zege, and L. Istomina, and G. Heygster, and G. Spreen, and D. Perovich, and C. Polashenski

Melt ponds occupy a large part of the Arctic sea ice in summer and strongly affect the radiative budget of the atmosphere–ice–ocean system. In this study, the melt pond reflectance is considered in the framework of radiative transfer theory. The melt pond is modeled as a plane-parallel layer of pure water upon a layer of sea ice (the pond bottom). We consider pond reflection as comprising Fresnel reflection by the water surface and multiple reflections between the pond surface and its bott...

B Vijayakumar, and G Thomas, and B S Selvi, and P M Ravi, and R M Tripathi

Benchmarking the fallout 137Cs in the coastal marine environment assumes significance in view of expansion of nuclear power plants (NPPs) in India and the Asia-Pacific region. This paper presents a snapshot of 137Cs activity in marine coastal water samples collected around Kudankulam NPPsite across a 50 km stretch from Kanyakumari to Uvari and attempts to compare with the 137Cs concentration observed across Indian coastal region and Asia-Pacific regional seawater. 137Cs activity of the Kudankula...

Md Masudul Haque Prodhan, and Md Akhtaruzzaman Khan

Adoption of scientific management practice is the pre-condition for increasing productivity in any farm business. This study estimates the level of scientific aquaculture management practice (SAMP) adoption, factor affecting adoption and its relation with productivity. Sixty aquaculture farms were selected from 3 upazilas of Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Adoption level was measured by following Sengupta (1967) while Tobit regression was used to assess the determinants of adoption level. Pol...

Cynthia D. Souza, and Vandick S. Batista, and Nidia N. Fabré

ABSTRACT Seasonal ecological effects caused by temperature and photoperiod are typically considered minimal in the tropics. Nevertheless, annual climate cycles may still influence the distribution and abundance of tropical species. Here, we investigate whether seasonal patterns of precipitation and wind speed influence the structure of coastal fish assemblages and fishing yields in northeast Brazil. Research trips were conducted during the rainy and dry seasons using commercial boats and gear to...

C.-C. Sun, and C.-C. Sun, and C.-C. Sun, and M. Sperling, and A. Engel

Gel particles, such as transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and Coomassie stainable particles (CSP), are important organic components in the sea surface microlayer (SML). Here, we present results on the effect of different wind speeds on the accumulation and size distribution of TEP and CSP during a wind wave channel experiment in the Aeolotron. Total areas of TEP (TEP_SML) and CSP (CSP_SML) in the surface microlayer were exponentially related to wind speed. At wind s...

ayat hossein panahi, and hossein kamani, and mohamad havangi

Background and Objectives: Phenol is one of most common organic pollutants in aqueous environments. Phenol presence in the environment can make some health problems such as carcinogenesis, abnormality of heartbeat, etc for humans and poisonous problems for other organisms. Therefore, this pollutant must be removed from polluted effluents to prevent water pollution. Using nanoparticles in adsorption processes is considered as an effective method for contaminants removal. The aim of this study was...

María P. Villarroel Hipp, and David Silva Rodríguez

Industrial wastewaters from pig slaughtering plants (PSPs) generated in the slaughtering process could have an environmental impact, if discharged to a receiving water body without any treatment. In this study, a Chilean Thraustochytrid (TH) strain, a class of marine protist, was used for the bioremediation of piggery slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW). According to the physicochemical analysis of the residue, it was characterized by an initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 9610 mg L−1, 18,625 mg...

Benedict Low, and Gabriel Vilas Boas, and Lars Meyer, and Eneritz Lizaso, and Fabian Hoitz, and Nuno Leite, and Bruno Gonçalves

Abstract AIMS The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a deep-defending vs high-press defending strategy on footballers’ tactical behaviour, physical and physiological responses, when in numerical difference. METHODS Nineteen elite professional footballers (outfield players) participated in this study, playing an 11vs10 match (simulating an early dismissal) for two halves of 10 minutes on a full-sized regulation pitch. The 11-men team was instructed by the head coach to defend close...

Joel Odero, and Bruno Gomes, and Ulrike Fillinger, and David Weetman

Background: Growing insecticide resistance and changes in biting and resting behavior of malaria vectors threaten efficacy of insecticide treated nets and indoor residual spraying. Larval source management (LSM) is a promising approach that can target mosquitoes irrespective of their behavior as adults. However, the use of traditional monitoring methods for immature stages of Anopheles mosquitoes is a major challenge to LSM due to the variability in their breeding habitats.  We evaluate the use ...

G. Battaglia, and G. Battaglia, and F. Joos, and F. Joos

Ocean deoxygenation is recognized as key ecosystem stressor of the future ocean and associated climate-related ocean risks are relevant for current policy decisions. In particular, benefits of reaching the ambitious 1.5 °C warming target mentioned by the Paris Agreement compared to higher temperature targets are of high interest. Here, we model oceanic oxygen, warming and their compound hazard in terms of metabolic conditions on multi-millennial timescales for a range of equilibrium temper...

Ashank Mishra, and Zohra Lalani, and Butchibabu Kalakonda, and Preeti Krishnan, and Ruchi Pandey, and Krishnajaneya Reddy

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare anesthetic, hemodynamic, vasoconstrictive, and SpO2variability of 0.5% ropivacaine to the “gold standard” lignocaine (2%) with epinephrine (1:80,000) during periodontal surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 systemically healthy controls meeting the inclusion criteria were selected from the Outpatient Department of Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery. Preoperatively, all participants were infiltrated with 0.5 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine intradermally as t...

Karen Lone, and Charmain D. Hamilton, and Jon Aars, and Christian Lydersen, and Kit M. Kovacs

Ringed seals are a central component of the Arctic ecosystem; they have a circumpolar distribution and are both important predators of lower trophic animals (invertebrates and fishes) and prey for polar bears and coastal human populations. They depend on sea ice for reproduction, moulting and resting, and they consume significant amounts of ice-associated prey. The population of ringed seals in Svalbard, Norway, uses both coastal and offshore habitats, the latter being important during seasonal ...

Jinxia Hu, and Weihang Lu, and Mei Lv, and Yunlong Wang, and Ruifang Ding, and Litao Wang

In this study, the extraction process and purification technology of astaxanthin from shrimp shells were established, and the effects of different treatments on the content of astaxanthin were studied. The determination results of astaxanthin in various shrimp/crab shells showed that the astaxanthin content in the Procambarus clarkia shell reached 239.96 μg/g. The effects of cool-ventilated, sun-dried and cooking conditions on the content of astaxanthin during the treatment of shrimp shells were...

Semen V. Syrovatskiy, and Yury V. Yasyukevich, and Ilya K. Edemskiy, and Artem M. Vesnin, and Sergey V. Voeykov, and Ilya V. Zhivetiev

Based on the total electron content (TEC) data from global navigation satellite system (GNSS), we analyzed 224 classified solar flares (SFs) occurred in 2014–2017. We suggest an algorithm for SF automatic detection. The algorithm is based on analysis of GNSS-TEC variation derivative averaged over all the sunlit ionospheric pierce points. The algorithm enabled to confidently detect all X-class SFs, 81% events, when the X-ray peak was within 10–100 μW/m2, and 32%, when the X-ray peak was within 1–...

A. Badia, and A. Badia, and C. E. Reeves, and A. R. Baker, and A. Saiz-Lopez, and R. Volkamer, and R. Volkamer, and T. K. Koenig, and T. K. Koenig, and E. C. Apel, and R. S. Hornbrook, and L. J. Carpenter, and S. J. Andrews, and T. Sherwen, and T. Sherwen, and R. von Glasow, and R. von Glasow

<p>This study investigates the impact of reactive halogen species (RHS, containing chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) or iodine (I)) on atmospheric chemistry in the tropical troposphere and explores the sensitivity to uncertainties in the fluxes of RHS to the atmosphere and their chemical processing. To do this, the regional chemistry transport model WRF-Chem has been extended to include Br and I, as well as Cl chemistry for the first time, including heterogeneous recycling reactions involving sea-salt...

Dona Gildas Hippolyte Anihouvi, and Yénoukounmè Euloge Kpoclou, and Marleen Abdel Massih, and Ogouyôm Herbert Iko Afé, and Mahunan François Assogba, and Melvina Covo, and Marie‐Louise Scippo, and Djidjoho Joseph Hounhouigan, and Victor Anihouvi, and Jacques Mahillon

Abstract This study aimed to assess the microbiological status of smoked fish (SF) and smoked–dried fish (SDF) processed in Benin, and to identify the contamination factors associated with these products. A total of 66 fish samples, including fresh fish and processed fish, were randomly collected from different processing sites and markets for microbial characterization using standard methods. The aerobic mesophilic bacteria (AMB) density varied from 2.9 to 9.5 Log10 CFU/g. Enterobacteriaceae, E...

Shreema Shetty, and Radhika M Pai, and Manohara M. M. Pai

Aquaculture is a globally fast-growing food sector, and its economic significance is increasing consistently. Currently, site selection for aquaculture is based on remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), which provide infrastructure information. The information regarding environmental factors such as water properties are measured manually. There is a requirement for building a database on water properties at various river sites that are favourable for aquaculture. Underwater wir...

Hilmar Hinz, and Olga Reñones, and Adam Gouraguine, and Andrew F. Johnson, and Joan Moranta

The nursery function of coastal habitats is one of the most frequently mentioned and recognized ecosystem services in the valuation of coastal ecosystems. Despite its importance our understanding of the precise habitat parameters and mechanisms that make a habitat important as a nursery area is still limited for many species. The study aimed to establish the importance of different algae morphotypes in providing shelter and food for juvenile coastal fish during the main settlement peaks, in earl...

A. Dolatabadi, and R. Ebadi, and B. Mohammadi-Ivatloo

Ships play the major role in bulk transportation and they need their special energy system. This paper proposes a stochastic programing method for optimal sizing of a hybrid ship power system with energy storage system (ESS), photovoltaic power (PV) and diesel generator. To account for uncertainties, in this study a two-stage stochastic mixed-integer non-linear programing is used to model the optimal design problem of hybrid system for ships. The uncertainty of the hourly global solar irradiatio...

S. J. O'Shea, and T. W. Choularton, and M. Flynn, and K. N. Bower, and M. Gallagher, and J. Crosier, and J. Crosier, and P. Williams, and P. Williams, and I. Crawford, and Z. L. Fleming, and C. Listowski, and C. Listowski, and A. Kirchgaessner, and R. S. Ladkin, and T. Lachlan-Cope

During austral summer 2015, the Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds (MAC) field campaign collected unique and detailed airborne and ground-based in situ measurements of cloud and aerosol properties over coastal Antarctica and the Weddell Sea. This paper presents the first results from the experiment and discusses the key processes important in this region, which is critical to predicting future climate change. <br><br> The sampling was predominantly of stratus clouds, at temperatures between...

Jose Luis Horreo, and Pablo Turrero, and Juliana Perez, and Eva García-Vázquez

<p>The factors determining regional adaptation in salmonids are still unclear, but it is known that changes in their habitat imply changes in their population structure. In this preliminary study we integrate habitat data, molecular analyses (from both nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial loci) and life-history traits (measured on archaeological vertebrae and modern scales) of two sympatric salmonid species: Atlantic salmon and brown trout. We propose that water temperature and geological ch...

Heng-Ju Chen, and Yu-Hung Lin, and Mei-Zen Huang, and Kok-Min Seow, and Lee-Wen Huang, and Bih-Chwen Hsieh, and Chii-Ruey Tzeng, and Jiann-Loung Hwang

Objective: The standard dose of depot gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) may be too much to prevent premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). The purpose of this study was to find out the minimal effective dose of Leuplin depot to prevent premature LH surge in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI). Materials and Methods: From January 2006 to December 2007, unexplained infertile patients who were going to undergo IUI were recruited...

Joana Patrício, and Michael Elliott, and Krysia Mazik, and Nadia Papadopoulou, and Christopher Smith

Determining and assessing the links between human pressures and state-changes in marine and coastal ecosystems remains a challenge. Although there are several conceptual frameworks for describing these links, the DPSIR (Drivers – Pressures – State change – Impact – Response) framework has been widely adopted. Two possible reasons for this are: either the framework fulfils a major role, resulting from convergent evolution, or the framework is used often merely because it is used often, albeit unc...

Brian Timms

Eoleptestheria ticinensis, a highly variable Eurasian species, was collected from three widely separated sites in northern Australia. Each population is described and compared with the eight described species of Eoleptestheria, now all synonyms of E. ticinensis. It is postulated that the Australian occurrences of these clam shrimps are initiated or maintained by dispersal due to migrating birds from China.