Kauf Sabina, and Tłuczak Agnieszka

Appropriate risk assessment related to the project, and then its distribution between partners is the core of cooperation in the framework of public-private partnership (PPP). Risk analysis for investment project in the PPP formula includes: preliminary identification of risks associated with the investment, preliminary assessment and forecast of probability of occurrence of risks in the recommended option of investment implementation, initial analysis of the distribution of risks between a publ...

Soujanya Kaup, and Sithara Sara Oomman, and Siddharudha Shivalli

L. Sierra-Marquez, and J. Sierra-Marquez, and J. De la Rosa, and J. Olivero-Verbel

Abstract Imposex is the development of male sexual characteristics caused by the toxic effects of some chemicals that acts as an endocrinal disruptor. Antifouling paints contain these chemicals. Cartagena lacks studies to indicate the extent of imposex in its coastal waters. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of imposex in the gastropod Stramonita haemastoma in Cartagena, Colombia. Specimens were collected during 2013 from locations of high and low influence of port activity. ...

Bill Collins, and Michael G. Sanderson, and Colin E. Johnson

A global chemistry-transport model has been used to study the effect of shipping emissions on air quality and ecosystems over Europe, through changes in surface ozone and surface sulphate aerosols, and changes in the deposition of sulphur and oxidised nitrogen. Scenarios are chosen to determine the impact of current (2000) shipping emissions, and the combined impact of changes in land-based and shipping emissions by 2030. The effects of shipping on ozone are small, compared to land-based emissio...

Rosa Virginia Dutra de OLIVEIRA, and Yasmin Etienne ALBUQUERQUE, and Denise Madalena Palomari SPOLIDORIO, and Cristiane Yumi KOGA-ITO, and Elisa Maria Aparecida GIRO, and Fernanda Lourenção BRIGHENTI

Abstract Introduction Frequent consumption of sugars and the presence of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are correlated with higher caries experience. Objective The aim of this pilot study was to elucidate the effect of different fermentable carbohydrates on biomass formation and acidogenicity of S. mutans and S. sobrinus biofilms. Material and method Single and dual-species biofilms of S. mutans ATCC 25175 and S. sobrinus ATCC 27607 were grown at the bottom of microtiter plat...

V Vivek, and Sunila Thomas, and P L Sreekala

Oral lichen planus is a relatively common chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease which continues to challenge the dental professional with its wide spectrum of clinical involvement. This pilot study attempts to evaluate the status of oral lichen planus in a rural population from South Kerala in order to obtain such data as prevalence, distribution according to age, gender, clinical types and site of lesion .A drop in the age group of male population presenting with lichen planus was a signif...

Ruihua Wu, and Xiaoling Zou, and Ke Wang

This article concerns the stochastic logistic models under regime switching with Levy noise. In the model, the color noise and Levy noise are taken into account at the same time. This model is new and more feasible and more accordance with the actual. Some dynamical behaviors are investigated and sufficient conditions for stochastic permanence, extinction, non-persistence in the mean and weak persistence are established. The critical value among the extinction, non-persistence in the mean ...

Jorge Cortés

Bahía Culebra se locoaliza en la parte norte de la costa Pacífica de Costa Rica. Es una región de afloramiento estacional, rica en ambientes y organismos marinos, y además, la zona de mayor desarrollo turístico del país. En este trabajo compilo y analizo una lista de 182 publicaciones en revista científcas y 23 tesis, informes y libros sobre organismos, ambientes y procesos marinos y atmosféricos en Bahía Culebra o donde se menciona la Bahía, se presentan y analizan. La gran mayoría de los traba...

C.A.G. Leal, and G.A. Carvalho-Castro, and A.C. Cottorello, and R.C. Leite, and H.C.P. Figueiredo

The aims of this study were to standard and optimize a qPCR protocol with FAM-BHQ1 probe, and to compare its sensitivity against TaqMan qPCR and PCR methods to diagnose shrimp WSD. The FAM-BHQ1 qPCR presented higher clinical sensitivity and showed to be a robust alternative to detect WSSV in clinical samples.

Baumar J Marin E, and Julian J Dodson

We studied the fecundity and growth in populations of the silver mullet, Mugil curema, in coastal areas of northeastern Venezuela between March 1992 and July 1993. The average number of ovocytes in gonads of 23-42 cm adults was 54 x 104, and the relative fecundity was 1311 ovocytes g-1 of fish. The size of mature ovocytes did not vary in different portions of the same gonad (p 0.05) or among the adults in three populations studied. The average egg diameter for adults was 426 µm (CI= 4.34)....

U. Skiba, and S. K. Jones, and J. Drewer, and C. Helfter, and M. Anderson, and K. Dinsmore, and R. McKenzie, and E. Nemitz, and M. A. Sutton

Greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from a seminatural, extensively sheep-grazed drained moorland and intensively sheep-grazed fertilised grassland in South East (SE) Scotland were compared over 4 yr (2007–2010). Nitrous oxide (N₂O) and methane (CH₄) fluxes were measured by static chambers, respiration from soil plus ground vegetation by a flow-through chamber, and the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO₂) by eddy-covariance. All GHG fluxes displayed high ...

Francisco Fábio Gadelha Cavalcante, and Anna Caroline Nobre Gomes, and Francisco Roberto de Araújo Nogueira, and João Luís Melo de Farias, and João Maurício Ribeiro Pinheiro, and Emanuel Veras de Albuquerque, and Antônio Leomar Peixoto Farias, and Gabriel Barroso Cabral, and Francisco Alexandre Cunha Magalhães, and Márcia Gomide

Os estivadores do Porto do Mucuripe são trabalhadores sem vínculo empregatício com a Companhia Docas do Ceará. Atuam no convés e no porão dos navios, fazendo o embarque, o desembarque e a organização dos contêineres. Neste ambiente de constante exposição a riscos, o médico do trabalho é fundamental na organização de planos de prevenção de acidentes, de educação dos trabalhadores e de monitorização dos riscos. O objetivo do artigo é caracterizar e conhecer o estivador, correlacionar o ambiente po...

Angela Maria Ambrósio, and Erivelto Goulart, and Luiz Carlos Gomes, and Claudenice Dei Tos

South America harbors the largest freshwater diversity in the world (about 4,475 valid species). Aging studies of 153 species published in 92 papers were reviewed for this publication. They were categorized according to the journal where they were published, decade, number of researches per river basin, methods and structures most used to estimate age, validation methods, period and causes of the formation of the age ring and age of the fish in South America. Our results showed an increase in th...

X. Yue, and H. Liao, and H. J. Wang, and S. L. Li, and J. P. Tang

Mineral dust aerosol can be transported over the nearby oceans and influence the energy balance at the sea surface. The role of dust-induced sea surface temperature (SST) responses in simulations of the climatic effect of dust is examined by using a general circulation model with online simulation of mineral dust and a coupled mixed-layer ocean model. Both the longwave and shortwave radiative effects of mineral dust aerosol are considered in climate simulations. The SST responses are found to be...

Alexandre Bigio Villas Bôas, and Marcia A. de O. Figueiredo

The crustose coralline algae are susceptible to be covered by other algae, which in turn can be affected by anti-fouling effects. In this study the hypothesis tested was that these algae can inhibit the growth of epiphytes in a species specific way. In the laboratory, propagules of Sargassum furcatum and Ulva fasciata were liberated and cultivated on pieces of coralline algae and slide covers (controls) and their survival and growth were compared. Spongites and Hydrolithon significantly inhibite...

Auvichayapat P, and Keeratitanont K, and Janyachareon T, and Auvichayapat N

Paradee Auvichayapat,1 Keattichai Keeratitanont,2 Taweesak Janyachareon,3 Narong Auvichayapat4 1Department of Physiology; 2Department of Radiology; 3Department of Physical Therapy; 4Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) is both common and highly refractory to treatment. Primary motor cortex stimulation can relieve pain by interruptin...

Shaosong Wang, and Tingting Ma, and Linpeng Wang, and Lu Liu, and Huilin Liu, and Bin Li, and Yuanbo Fu

Abstract Background The incidence of cerebral infarction has been growing year by year in China and around the world. According to clinical observation, acupuncture utilizing the “waking up the spirit” needling method is widely used in patients with cerebral infarction, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Additionally, a number of studies have begun to focus on the relationship between cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) and cerebral infarction. The present study aims to investigate wheth...

Julia Anne Gustavsen, and Danielle M Winget, and Xi eTian, and Curtis A Suttle, and Curtis A Suttle, and Curtis A Suttle

Viruses in the order Picornavirales infect eukaryotes, and are widely distributed in coastal waters. Amplicon deep-sequencing of the RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) revealed diverse and highly uneven communities of picorna-like viruses in the coastal waters of British Columbia (B.C.), Canada. Almost 300 000 pyrosequence reads revealed 145 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on 95% sequence similarity at the amino-acid level. Each sample had between 24 and 71 OTUs and there was little ov...

Camille eDaniels, and Sebastian eBaumgarten, and Lauren K Yum, and Craig T MIchell, and Till eBayer, and Chatchanit eArif, and Cornelia eRoder, and Ernesto eWeil, and Christian Robert Voolstra

White Plague Disease (WPD) is implicated in coral reef decline in the Caribbean and is characterized by microbial community shifts in coral mucus and tissue. Studies thus far have focused on assessing microbial communities or the identification of specific pathogens, yet few have addressed holobiont response across metaorganism compartments in coral disease. Here, we report on the first metatranscriptomic assessment of the coral host, algal symbiont, and microbial compartment in order to survey ...

Christian Jessen, and Christian R. Voolstra, and Christian Wild

In the Central Red Sea, healthy coral reefs meet intense coastal development, but data on the effects of related stressors for reef functioning are lacking. This in situ study therefore investigated the independent and combined effects of simulated overfishing through predator/grazer exclusion and simulated eutrophication through fertilizer addition on settlement of reef associated invertebrates on light-exposed and -shaded tiles over 4 months. At the end of the study period invertebrates had al...

A. MAVRAKIS, and S. LYKOUDIS, and G. THEOHARATOS

Knowledge of the warm and cold season onset is important for the living conditions and the occupational activities of the inhabitants of a given area, and especially for agriculture and tourism. This paper presents a way to estimate the onset/end of the cold and warm period of the year, based on the sinusoidal annual variation of the Sea Surface Temperature. The method was applied on data from 8 stations of the Hellenic Navy Hydrographic Service, covering the period from 1965-1995. The results s...

Stefan Wolfgang Grötzinger, and Intikhab eAlam, and Wail Ba Alawi, and Vladimir B Bajic, and Ulrich eStingl, and Jörg eEppinger

Reliable functional annotation of genomic data is the key-step in the discovery of novel enzymes. Intrinsic sequencing data quality problems of single amplified genomes (SAGs) and poor homology of novel extremophile’s genomes pose significant challenges for the attribution of functions to the coding sequences identified. The anoxic deep-sea brine pools of the Red Sea are a promising source of novel enzymes with unique evolutionary adaptation. Sequencing data from Red Sea brine pool cultures and ...

Aluizio Augusto Arantes Júnior, and Jose Augusto Malheiros, and Marco Tulio Domingos Silva e Reis, and Gustavo Meyer de Moraes

Ingestion of foreign bodies is a common problem seen at emergency rooms and frequently involves chicken and fish bones. There are few cases of migrated foreign bodies through the retropharynx causing infectious process in the area but no one, despite the proximity, causing spondylodiscitis. Perhaps such condition is attributed to the integrity of the longus colli fascia covering and protecting the cervical spine. We described the first case of spondylodiscitis due to a foreign body (saw-toothed ...

Farin Kiany , and Hashem Montaseri, and Sadaf Adibi, and Masoud Golshah , and Saba Golshah

Background: Chemical treatments for the modulation of host response are applied along with mechanical modalities as adjunctive to periodontal treatment. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of locally-delivered alendronate sodium gel in adjunction to scaling and root planning on periodontal indices and bone formation within vertical defects of smokers with chronic periodontitis. Methods and Materials: In this study vertical defects (n=8) with depth>5 mm have been in...

Gajarlawar Nilesh, and Khetan Ajaykumar, and Rao Gaddale Amba Prasad

These day diesel engines are gaining lots of attention as prime movers for various source of transportation. It offers better drive ability, very good low end torque and importantly the lower CO2 emission. Diesel engines are bridging the gap between gasoline and diesel engines. Better noise vibration and harshness levels of gasoline engine are realized to great extent in diesel engine, thanks to common rail direct injection system. Common rail injection system is now well known entity. Its...

J.-P. Gattuso, and M. G. Weinbauer, and J. Hegeman, and C. Maier

The cold-water coral <i>Lophelia pertusa</i> is one of the few species able to build reef-like structures and a 3-dimensional coral framework in the deep oceans. Furthermore, deep cold-water coral bioherms may be among the first marine ecosystems to be affected by ocean acidification. Colonies of <i>L. pertusa</i> were collected during a cruise in 2006 to cold-water coral bioherms of the Mingulay reef complex (Hebrides, North Atlantic). Shortly after sample collection onboard these corals were l...

Erick Huarcaya, and Ivan Best, and Juan Rodriguez-Tafur, and Ciro Maguiña, and Nelson Solórzano, and Julio Menacho, and Douglas Lopez De Guimaraes, and Jose Chauca, and Palmira Ventosilla

Human Bartonellosis has an acute phase characterized by fever and hemolytic anemia, and a chronic phase with bacillary angiomatosis-like lesions. This cross-sectional pilot study evaluated the immunology patterns using pre- and post-treatment samples in patients with Human Bartonellosis. Patients between five and 60 years of age, from endemic areas in Peru, in the acute or chronic phases were included. In patients in the acute phase of Bartonellosis a state of immune peripheral tolerance should ...

Albrecht Götz, and Sven E. Kerwath, and Colin G. Attwood, and Warwick H.H. Sauer

Ramiza R. Ramli, MMed ORL-HNS, and Irfan Mohamad, MMed ORL-HNS, and Mohd S. Ab Wahab, MRCP, and Nyi N. Naing, MMedStats, and Wan S. Wan Din, MMed ORL-HNS

الملخص: أهداف البحث: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم فعالية الاستنشاق الأنفي للماء أثناء الوضوء في تخفيض الإصابة بالتهابات الجهاز التنفسي الحادة بين الحجاج الذكور. طرق البحث: أُجريت دراسة شبه تجريبية لمقارنة فعالية الاستنشاق الأنفي للماء بين مجموعتين. تم توجيه المجموعة التداخلية للقيام بالاستنشاق الأنفي للماء أثناء الوضوء ولم يطلب من المجموعة الضابطة القيام بذلك. قُدم للمجموعتين مذكرة تطور لتسجيل أعراض التهابات الجهاز التنفسي؛ السعال والسيلان الأنفي والانسداد الأنفي والحمى، والألم الحلقي بالإضافة إل...

Peter R. Teske, and Sophie von der Heyden, and Christopher D. McQuaid, and Nigel P. Barker

The southern African marine realm is located at the transition zone between the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific biomes. Its biodiversity is particularly rich and comprises faunal and floral elements from the two major oceanic regions, as well as a large number of endemics. Within this realm, strikingly different biota occur in close geographic proximity to each other, and many of the species with distributions spanning two or more of the region’s marine biogeographic provinces are divided into evoluti...

Tai Taufik, and Ngah Rohana, and Zaly Shah Muhammad

As metropolitan cities have improved and upgraded their public transport infrastructure to encourage higher public transport ridership, the next challenges understand factors that influence the individuals’ travel behaviour. Psycho-Social Attributes and Quality of Life are important elements to study the public transport ridership in metropolitan cities. This paper offers a short overview of the role of psycho-social and quality of life in understanding the travel behaviour of public transport i...

Tadas Masiulionis, and Darius Miniotas, and Darius Rudinskas, and Ramūnas Kikutis, and Gabrielė Masiulionienė

Flight accuracy in the airspace is becoming an increasingly difficult issue due to the expanding number of aircraft operating in it. In order to meet the needs of all airspace users, aircraft flows are being increased, and different aircraft systems that minimise the risk of aircraft accidents are being developed to ensure flight safety. However, statistically, the impact of the human factor on aviation accidents and incidents remains high. This article focuses on the assessment of pilot flight...

Judita Koreivienė, and Robertas Valčiukas, and Jūratė Karosienė, and Pranas Baltrėnas

Industry, transport and unsustainable agriculture result in the increased quantity of wastewater, release of nutrients and emission of carbon dioxide that promotes eutrophication of water bodies and global climate change. the application of microalgae for phycoremediation, their biomass use for human needs may increase sustainability and have a positive effect on the regional development. The experiments were carried out in order to establish the feasibility of treating the local municipal wast...

Eglė Abrutytė, and Audronė Žukauskaitė, and Rima Mickevičienė, and Vytenis Zabukas, and Tatjana  Paulauskienė

The aim of the presented research was to assess the NOx emission and dispersion from marine ships in Klaipeda sea port. NOx emissions from ships operating in Klaipeda sea port were calculated using the Lloyd's Register detailed ship movement method, after collecting the information about technical characteristics of each marine ship visiting the port and the time spent staying in the port. After calculating the emission, the modelling using AERMOD software was completed and the dispersion of po...

HAN Zhengjun, and ZHAO yao

<b>[Objectives]</b> The calculation of the ultimate residual capacity of a ship with a large crevasse is influenced by such factors as the location and size of the crevasse,floating state of the ship and nonlinear coupling.<b>[Methods]</b> A ship hull with a large crevasse is chosen as the research objective,and the Smith method is used to calculate and analyze the longitudinal residual bearing capacity. Emphasis is placed on calculating the changes in the ship's inclined angle and floating stat...

Beria Falakalı Mutaf, and Deniz Akşit, and Jale Korun

Brom Alla, and Gorlacheva Evgeniya

The paper envisages the application of integrated logistic support conception (ILS) for space equipment on the base of the example of the student’s «Sail BMSTU» midget spacecraft (MS). The peculiarities of space equipment logistic support in operation phase are considered. The special focus is done to the problem of decrease in production expenses of spacecrafts. The paper suggests that the solution of this problem has to be based on tools commonly used in engineering fields – functional analysi...

Maja Zupančič, and Alenka Gril, and Tina Kavčič

The contribution presents the first Slovenian version of the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation - Preschool Edition (OLSP) scale. It was translated and adapted from the American original (SCBE) of the authors LaFreniere and Dumas (1995). 18 preschool teachers participated in the first pilot study of this instrument, which presents the first step towards its standardisation in Slovenia. Using the OLSP and the Questionnaire of Behavioral Reactions - VVR (Horvat, 1985), the teachers evaluate...

A. M. L. Rodrigues Maia, and E. Medeiros, and G. G. Henry-Silva

Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze the density and distribution of the bivalve Anomalocardia brasiliana in beaches in the estuarine region of the semiarid in Rio Grande do Norte State, Barra and Pernambuquinho (04°56.978’S and 37°08.961’W and 04°56.792’S and 37°09.375’W, respectively). Samples were collected monthly during 37 months using five transects (300 m long and 400 m apart) laid perpendicularly to the beach line toward the sea. Seven collection points, 50 m apart, were s...

Luciana Retz de Carvalho, and Fernando Pipole, and Vera Regina Werner, and Haywood Dail Laughinghouse IV, and Antonio Carlos M. de Camargo, and Marisa Rangel, and Katsuhiro Konno, and Célia Leite Sant' Anna

Reports of cyanobacterial blooms developing worldwide have considerably increased, and, in most cases, the predominant toxins are microcystins. The present study reports a cyanobacterial bloom in Lake Violão, Torres, Rio Grande do Sul State, in January 2005. Samples collected on January 13, 2005, were submitted to taxonomical, toxicological, and chemical studies. The taxonomical analysis showed many different species of cyanobacteria, and that Microcystis protocystis and Sphaerocavum cf. brasili...

Hari Suprapto

The rod-shape virus particles were found in the hyperthrophied nucleus and cytoplasm of diseased white shrimpPenaeus merguiensis naturally infected by White spot syndrome (WSBV). In natural infection cumulative mortality of shrimp werevery high, 95% of population were dead in 3-7 days, and 5% of shrimp population survived. The disease was outbreak in intensiveculture farms used the closed circulation sea water system. Others crustacean such as crabs and bentatos were not infected by WSBVat time ...

Fišter Svetlana L.

The paper presents the results of cytogenetic investigations of the fish species Carassius auratus gibelio, B. and Alburnus alburnus, L. Karyotype definitions are given for fish caught at different localities in Serbia. Within the bisexual population of the silver carp Carassius auratus gibelio B., we observed variability in the number of the last, smallest akrocentrics (2n=100_ 22-4). These variating accessory chromosomes were called Banalogues. We established the number of chromosomes (3n=150+...

Patrick Mafwila Kinkela, and Bienvenu Kambashi Mutiaka, and Thomas Dogot, and Denis Dochain, and Xavier Rollin, and Roger Ntoto Mvubu, and Charles Kinkela, and Jacques Mafwila, and Jérôme Bindelle

Agriculture and aquaculture systems are used by many farmers in various tropical countries of Asia, America and Africa. They have proven their relevancy to increase the productivity of farms by optimising nutrient fluxes and reducing requirements for external fertilisers. This article analysed the current state of fish farming and the way it is integrated with other farm subsystems in the urban/peri-urban and rural areas of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. More precisely, it examined the ...

Silvio Jacks dos Anjos Garnés, and José Sabino, and Silvio Favero, and Fábio Henrique Silva

Este trabalho teve como objetivo pesquisar a distribuição de insetos associados a macrófitas aquáticas e a similaridade dos sítios de coleta, no período de vazante, em um trecho do rio Correntoso, Pantanal do Negro, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Os sítios de coleta foram determinados conforme a mudança na estrutura da formação ripária, caracterizados como abertos com comunicação com campos inundáveis; intermediários sem comunicação com campos inundáveis; fechados sem comunicação com camp...

M. Pandolfi, and G. Martucci, and X. Querol, and A. Alastuey, and F. Wilsenack, and S. Frey, and C. D. O'Dowd, and M. Dall'Osto

Continuous measurements of surface mixed layer (SML), decoupled residual/convective layer (DRCL) and aerosol backscatter coefficient were performed within the Barcelona (Spain) boundary layer from September to October 2010 (30 days) in the framework of the SAPUSS (Solving Aerosol Problems by Using Synergistic Strategies) field campaign. Two near-infrared ceilometers (Jenoptik CHM15K), vertically and horizontally probing (only vertical profiles are herein discussed), were deployed. Ceilometer-bas...

L. Azurmendi, and V. Lapierre-Fetaud, and J. Schneider, and J. Montaner, and M. Katan, and Jean-Charles Sanchez

Abstract Background Post-stroke infections occur in 20–36% of stroke patients and are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Early identification of patients at risk of developing an infection could improve care via an earlier treatment leading to a better outcome. We used proteomic tools in order to discover biomarkers able to stratify patients at risk of post-stroke infection. Methods The post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study including 40 ischemic stroke patients include...

E. Schültke, and E. Bräuer-Krisch, and H. Blattmann, and H. Requardt, and J. A. Laissue, and G. Hildebrandt

Abstract Background Resistance to radiotherapy is frequently encountered in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. It is caused at least partially by the high glutathione content in the tumour tissue. Therefore, the administration of the glutathione synthesis inhibitor Buthionine-SR-Sulfoximine (BSO) should increase survival time. Methods BSO was tested in combination with an experimental synchrotron-based treatment, microbeam radiation therapy (MRT), characterized by spatially and periodically ...

Titah Harmin Sulistiyaning, and Pratikno Herman, and Moesriati Atiek, and Putera Rizky Islami, and Imron Muhammad Fauzul

The activity of ship dismantling is one of the sources of metal pollutant that polluted the environment. The aims of this study were analyze the iron concentration from the ship dismantling area, to isolate the bacteria from those area, and to determine the bacteria resistant on iron. Samplings was conducted in three point sampling at sea water and soil coast, respectively. Isolation of bacteria was carried out using pour plate methods. All isolated bacteria in seawater and soil samples were ino...

Muh. Alias L. Rajamuddin, and Alimuddin A, and Utut Widyastuti, and Irvan Faizal

Promoter regulates expression level of foreign gene in transgenic organism. This study was performed to select a<br />suitable promoter as the fi rst step towards production of valuable trait-enhanced seaweed by transgenic technology. Green<br />fl uorescent protein (GFP) gene was used as a reporter to determine the activity of promoter in seaweed Kappaphycus<br />alvarezii. GFP gene constructs driven by cytomegalovirus (pCMV-GFP), caulifl ower mosaic virus (pCaMV-GFP),<br />medaka β-actin (pmBA...

Wallis Marianne, and Tiralongo Evelin

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>With the increased usage of CAM worldwide comes the demand for its integration into health professional education. However, the incorporation of CAM into health professional curricula is handled quite differently by different institutions and countries. Furthermore, the evaluation of CAM curricula is complicated because students' ability to learn about CAM may be influenced by factors such as student's prior knowledge and motivation, together with the percept...