Elin Folkesson, and Aleksandra Turkiewicz, and Martin Englund, and Patrik Önnerfjord

Abstract Background Proteomics is an emerging field in the study of joint disease. Our two aims with this pilot analysis were to compare healthy human knee articular cartilage with meniscus, two tissues both known to become affected in the osteoarthritic disease process, and to compare two mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods: data-dependent acquisition (DDA) and data-independent acquisition (DIA). Methods Healthy knee articular cartilage taken from the medial tibial condyle and medial meniscus ...

Mladen Maradin

The paper deals with the precipitation variability areas of Croatia with pluviometric regime. Precipitation variability was analyzed using yearly and monthly values of the mean relative variability for 18 stations in the period 1950-2007. The research results showed that there is relatively large range of precipitation variability in the researched area. The highest precipitation variability was recorded in Lastovo and the lowest in Parg station. The primary maximum of precipitation variability ...

Mithad Kozličić, and Dubravka Mlinarić, and Marta Andrić

This paper contains the analysis of maps and textual geographical descriptions (pilot) of the Zadar maritime zone from the work Kitâb-ı Bahriye (Book of Navigation) by Pîrî Reis, an Ottoman seafarer, pirate and later admiral. Comparative analysis was made of several examples of that navigational manual from Istanbul sources known to date and also from a lesser-known example from The Walters Art Museum in Baltimore. The objective was to compare the information obtained by the Ottomans regarding w...

Shigeru Aoki, and Toshihiko Sato

To understand the seasonal variation of biological and biogeochemical cycles in the seasonal ice zone in the Southern Ocean, the cruise of JARE-STAGE (Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition-Studies on Antarctic Ocean and Global Environment) was conducted in February 2002 with R/V Tangaroa. Physical oceanography implementations of the cruise are described. The results of the manufacturers' CTD conductivity calibrations were consistent between before and after the cruise, and the difference in sal...

Shotaro Uto, and Haruhito Shimoda, and Koh Izumiyama, and Shuki Ushio, and Shigeru Aoki, and Gen Hashida, and Hiroyuki Wakabayashi, and Fumihiko Nishio

Sea ice observations have been conducted onboard the Antarctic Research Vessel Shirase" since . The authors summarize these data to investigate spatial and inter-annual variability of sea ice thickness and snow depth of the summer land-fast ice in Lutzow-Holmbukta. Probability density functions of annual total thickness (ice thickness+snow depth) derived from video observations are categorized into two types, i.e. a thin-ice and a thick-ice type. The total thickness distributions observed by the...

Nikoleta Radionov

In the aftermath of the “Coral Sea” and “Therese” cases, the article deals with the problem of criminalization of the master of the ship for the crime of illicit traffic based on command responsibility. The first part of the article gives the general framework of the crimes of illicit traffic and smuggling by sea, and an overview of the ship security regulations as provided by the ISPS code. In the second part of the article, the position of the master of the ship with respect to responsibility ...

Rostislav I. Loktev, and Sergey M. Zuev

The authors discuss the methodological approaches to the assessment of the level and quality of life of the population. The analysis of the scientific literature shows that in most cases, such studies are based on the basic statistics. The results of such studies give rise to some controversy related to the fact that at a fairly high standard of living, determined by a statistical method, the actual level of satisfaction of the population in the region, determined by other methods, is estimated ...

Vedeswari C, and Jayachandran S, and Ganesan S

<b>Aims and Objectives:</b> To compare the autofluorescence spectra of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) with normal mucosa, the autofluorescence spectra of OSF before and after treatment with intralesional dexamethasone and hyaluronidase, the clinical improvement following treatment with the changes in autofluorescence spectra and to prove that autofluorescence spectroscopy is a good method for diagnosis and assessment of treatment effectiveness in OSF. <b> Materials and Methods:</b> The study wa...

Ajay Verma, and Veereshwar Bhatnagar, and Shyam Prakash, and Abhay Kumar Srivastava

Aim: Our study aims to find various enzymatic and biochemical components of bile and their clinical or prognostic correlation with regard to progression and severity of hepatobiliary diseases. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study where all the patients suffering from choledochal cyst (CDC), extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO), and infantile obstructive cholangiopathy undergoing diagnostic preoperative cholangiogram; and patients with history of total parenteral nutrit...

Ana Paula Madeira Di Beneditto, and Ricardo de Freitas Netto

During the year 2002, a survey of fishing activity was conducted at 36 landing points within 10 zones through out Espírito Santo State, southeastern Brazil. This study aimed to describe the fishing modalities employed along the coast, associating them with respective target species and landing points. The fishing gear registered was divided into ‘nets’ and ‘lines’. In the net division, the following assemblages were recorded: (i) seine nets, (ii) trawl nets, and (iii) gillnets. In the line divis...

Sonu Acharya, and Pradip Kumar Mandal

Shivam Yadav, and Shubham Kumar, and Pratima Srivastava, and Krishna Kumar Gupta, and Jagriti Gupta, and Yasir Shahab Khan

Background and Objective: Aerosol produced during the procedure of scaling and root planing is a potent source of infection. Preprocedural mouthrinsing has been found effective in reducing the bacterial load of the aerosol produced during the procedure. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of three different mouthwashes containing Chlorhexidine, Essential Oils & Herbal Extracts by using them as preprocedural rinsing agent in reducing the bacterial load of t...

L. A. Levin, and W. Ekau, and A. J. Gooday, and F. Jorissen, and J. J. Middelburg, and S. W. A. Naqvi, and C. Neira, and N. N. Rabalais, and J. Zhang

Coastal hypoxia (defined here as <1.42 ml L^&amp;minus;1; 62.5 μM; 2 mg L^&amp;minus;1, approx. 30% oxygen saturation) develops seasonally in many estuaries, fjords, and along open coasts as a result of natural upwelling or from anthropogenic eutrophication induced by riverine nutrient inputs. Permanent hypoxia occurs naturally in some isolated seas and marine basins as well as in open slope oxygen minimum zones. Responses of benthos to hypoxia depend on the duration, predict...

Vincent Raoult, and Larissa Trompf, and Jane E. Williamson, and Culum Brown

The spatial learning skills of high and low stress juvenile mulloway (Argyrosomus japonicus) were tested in a dichotomous choice apparatus. Groups of fish were formed based on background blood cortisol levels and required to learn the location of a food reward hidden in one of two compartments. Low stress fish characterised by low background levels of the stress hormone cortisol had higher activity levels and entered both rewarded and unrewarded rooms frequently. Within the first week of exposur...

G.S. Karabashev, and M.A. Evdoshenko

We propose a new approach to indication of algal blooms. It stems from analysis of the multispectral satellite reflectance Rrs of areas where blooms were documented during recent decades. We found that spectra of algal blooms exhibit minima at wavelengths of channels of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) λ = 443 and λ = 488 nm (Baltic, Black, and Caspian seas), λ = 443 nm (Southwest Tropical Pacific (SWTP)), and λ = 443 nm and λ = 469 nm (Patagonian Continental Shelf (PCS)), a...

Mozhdeh Sepaskhah, and Kasra Behdad, and Zahra Bagheri

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The promising non-clinical antileishmanial effects of gentian violet (GV) encouraged us to evaluate the additive effect of GV on cryotherapy. METHODS: For 8 weeks, 59/161 cutaneous leishmaniasis patients/lesions underwent cryotherapy alone (group 1) or cryotherapy accompanied by 1% GV application (group 2). The primary endpoint was clinical response. RESULTS: Ultimately, 54.7% and 45.3% of the significantly cured lesions belonged to groups 1 and 2, respectively, whic...

Sam Catchpole, and Reinaldo Rivera, and Ce Hernández, and Javiera De La Peña, and Pablo González

Currently the application of geographic information systems in the subjects of biology and ecology has facilitated the study patterns of distribution, richness y diversity of species. However, in freshwater ecosystems the application of geostatistical analysis are scarcely used in the worldwide, including Chile. Therefore, in our study we developed predictive maps using simple Kriging (resolution 12.5 x 12.5 m), based on richness and Shannon-Weaver diversity, and we analyzed spatial autocorrela...

Davi Castro Tavares, and Salvatore Siciliano

This study evaluated the influence of different rainfall regimes on numerical fluctuations of waterbird species in Ribeira Lagoon, Quissamã, northern Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Bird counts were conducted on a monthly basis between August 2008 and July 2009, totaling 12 visits. Rainfall data were obtained at the nearest meteorological automatic station. A total of 50 species were classified into 6 functional groups. Bird richness and abundance were greater during the dry season (May/August). S...

André Botha, and J. A. Badenhorst-Weiss

Background: In South Africa, the export of coal is a large contributor to the gross domestic product. Statistics indicate that the export of coal is stagnant or declining, which indicates a risk for coal as a foreign exchange earner. A study into the risks facing the bulk coal export logistics chain is therefore of great importance. Any risk to this logistics chain will directly affect its efficiency and contribution to foreign exchange. The nature of a logistics supply chain is such that risks ...

C. Soler, and R. Crespi, and E. Soler, and M. Pugliese

The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of constructed wetlands with aquatic macrophytes in decreasing the concentration of pollutants from urban effluents. A pilot-scale system with two coverages of floating plants and two hydraulic residence times, working with continuous flow laminar was built. The lower concentration of chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand, were obtained with the lower coverage and higher hydraulic residence times. With little influence of the varia...

M. H. England, and V. C. Garçon

The circulation in the South Atlantic Ocean has been simulated within a global ocean general circulation model. Preliminary analysis of the modelled ocean circulation in the region indicates a rather close agreement of the simulated upper ocean flows with conventional notions of the large-scale geostrophic currents in the region. The modelled South Atlantic Ocean witnesses the return flow and export of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) at its northern boundary, the inflow of a rather barotr...

Bert Hoeksema

The coral species Leptoseris troglodyta sp. n. (Scleractinia, Agariciidae) is described as new to science. It is the first known azooxanthellate shallow-water agariciid and is recorded from the ceilings of caves at 5-35 m depth in West Pacific coral reefs. The corals have monocentric cup-shaped calices. They may become colonial through extramural budding from the basal coenosteum, which may cause adjacent calices to fuse. The size, shape and habitat of L. troglodyta are unique compared to other ...

Adriana Albino, and Jorge D. Carrillo-Briceño, and James M. Neenan

We report the first record of a snake from the Cretaceous of northern South America. The remains come from the La Luna Formation (La Aguada Member, Cenomanian of Venezuela) and consist of several vertebrae, which belong to the precloacal region of the vertebral column. Comparisons to extant and extinct snakes show that the remains represent a new taxon, Lunaophis aquaticus gen. et sp nov. An aquatic mode of life is supported by the ventral position of the ribs, indicating a laterally compressed ...

E. B. Goldstein, and L. J. Moore, and O. Durán Vinent

Coastal foredunes form along sandy, low-sloped coastlines and range in shape from continuous dune ridges to hummocky features, which are characterized by alongshore-variable dune crest elevations. Initially scattered dune-building plants and species that grow slowly in the lateral direction have been implicated as a cause of foredune <q>hummockiness</q>. Our goal in this work is to explore how the initial configuration of vegetation and vegetation growth characteristics control the developm...

D. Levi, and M. G. Andreoli, and A. Bonanno, and F. Fiorentino, and G. Garofalo, and S. Mazzola, and G. Norrito, and B. Patti, and G. Pernice, and S. Ragonese, and G. B. Giusto, and P. Rizzo

In the Strait of Sicily, red mullet (Mullus barbatus L. 1758) is one of the most important resources for the bottom trawlers exploiting the shelf fishing grounds. At present, the younger age groups (groups 0-1) represent most of the catches. In order to give more effective advice for fisheries management in the area, this paper is aimed at further investigating the stock-recruitment relationship for red mullet by including environmental information. Indices of the mean abundance of red mullet ol...

Luciano Jensen Vaz, and Wilson Wasielesky Jr., and Ronaldo Olivera Cavalli, and Silvio Peixoto, and Marcos Henrique Silva Santos, and Eduardo Ballester

Technology for the culture of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis in low-cost cages and pen enclosures was developed together with artisanal fishermen of the Patos Lagoon estuary, southern Brazil. Although the production of postlarvae (PL) under laboratory conditions is well documented, survival and growth during the nursery phase cages and pen enclosures in the nature has not yet been analyzed. Therefore, the present study compared survival and growth of F. paulensis postlarvae reared eit...

C. Moore, and A. Barnard, and P. Fietzek, and M. R. Lewis, and H. M. Sosik, and S. White, and O. Zielinski

Requirements for understanding the relationships between ocean color and suspended and dissolved materials within the water column, and a rapidly emerging photonics and materials technology base for performing optical based analytical techniques have generated a diverse offering of commercial sensors and research prototypes that perform optical measurements in water. Through inversion, these tools are now being used to determine a diverse set of related biogeochemical and physical parameters. Te...

S.C. Vázquez, and E. Hernández, and W.P. Mac Cormack

The extracellular protease-production capacity of 33 bacterial isolates taken from marine biotopes in King George Island, Antarctica, was evaluated in liquid cultures. The P96-47 isolate was selected due to its high production capacity and was identified as Pseudoalteromonas sp. The optimal growth temperature was 20 °C and the optimal for protease production was 15 °C. Proteases were purified from culture supernatants, developing a multiple-band profile in zymograms. They were classified as neut...

José Marrugo-Negrete, and Amado Navarro-Frómeta, and Javier Ruiz-Guzmán

Objective. The aim of this study was to monitor the total mercury (T-Hg) concentrations in fish from the Urrá reservoir, after impoundment. Materials and methods. Five fish species at different trophic levels were sampled from 2004 to 2009 and analyzed by cold-vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy for T-Hg concentrations in muscle tissue. Water quality parameters were evaluated. Results. The highest (1.39±0.69 μg/g ww) and lowest (0.15±0.02 μg/g ww) T-Hg concentrations were detected in Hoplias ma...

Eduardo Resende Secchi, and Stefan Vilges de Oliveira, and Fernando Marques Quintela

<p class="aresumo">This paper presents data on species composition and use of habitat of medium and large sized mammal assemblages in a coastal dunes segment and adjacent marshes at Rio Grande municipality, southern Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Records were obtained through visualization of living animals and identification of footprints, feces and remains. From November 2007 to September 2008, nine 600 m long and 5 m wide linear transects were settled on coastal dunes segment (frontal and i...

Harper WL, and Schmidt WK, and Kubat NJ, and Isenberg RA

Wayne L Harper,1 William K Schmidt,2 Nicole J Kubat,3 Richard A Isenberg41Tarheel Clinical Research, LLC, Raleigh, NC, USA; 2NorthStar Consulting, LLC, Davis, CA, USA; 3Nicole Kubat Consulting, Pasadena, CA, USA; 4Regenesis Biomedical, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ, USAAbstract: Persistent pain following back surgery remains a major treatment challenge. The primary objective of this open-label exploratory study was to investigate the analgesic effectiveness of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy admini...

Elena Solana-Arellano, and Hector Echavarria-Heras, and Olga Flores-Uzeta

This paper presents a new method for the recovery of marked seagrass blades. The introduction of a plastic belt surrounding the marked shoot at a sediment level provided a relocation arrangement which was unloosed by drag forces or grazing. The relocation method was tested on Zostera marina L. It proved to have the advantage of increasing dramatically the number of marked shoots recovered up to 100% while reducing the cost of the procedure to a minimum. An allometric model indicated that the int...

Janeth Silva Pinheiro, and José Luiz Caldas Wolff, and Ronaldo de Carvalho Araújo, and Alexandre Wagner Silva Hilsdorf

RT-PCR was used for amplifying Piaractus mesopotamicus growth hormone (GH) cDNA obtained from mRNA extracted from pituitary cells. The amplified fragment was cloned and the complete cDNA sequence was determined. The cloned cDNA encompassed a sequence of 543 nucleotides that encoded a polypeptide of 178 amino acids corresponding to mature P. mesopotamicus GH. Comparison with other GH sequences showed a gap of 10 amino acids localized in the N terminus of the putative polypeptide of P. mesopotamic...

Rita Maria B. Archer, and Eliane Moretto

Foi estudada a ocorrência de Vibrio parahaemolyticus em quarenta amostras de mexilhões (Perna perna, Linnaeus, 1758) procedentes de banco natural da praia da Pinheira, município de Palhoça, Santa catarina, durante um período de três meses. Na metodologia de isolamento foi utilizada a técnica do Número Mais Provável (NMP) com enriquecimento em água alcalina peptonada e subseqüente plaqueamento em ágar TCBS (thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose). Em 52,5% das amostras de mexilhões foi constatada...

Pedro Christian Aravena, and Maysa Brandt, and Francisca Klett, and Mónica Hernández, and César Coronado

The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of Presurgical Orthopedics (PSO) on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) treated in two hospitals in Chile using the Spanish version of the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP-Sp). Method: Cross-sectional study, involving 42 children with CLP (mean age 12±2.1 years; 28 men) who attended their annual checkup at the main Hospital of Valdivia and at the Hospital Fundacion Gantz in Sant...

Chao Wang, and Yujie Hua, and Hua Fu, and Longfeng Cheng, and Wen Qian, and Junyang Liu, and Paul Crawford, and Junming Dai

Abstract Background The prevalence of depression in the elderly is growing worldwide, and the population aging in China makes depression a major health problem for the elderly adults and a tremendous burden to the society. Effective interventions should be determined to provide an approach solving the problem and improving the situation. This study examined the effectiveness of a mutual recovery program intervention on depressive symptom, sleep quality, and well-being in community-dwelling elder...

Joichiro Hayashi, and Akihiko Hasegawa, and Kohei Hayashi, and Takafumi Suzuki, and Makiko Ishii, and Hideharu Otsuka, and Kazuhiro Yatabe, and Seiichi Goto, and Junichi Tatsumi, and Kitetsu Shin

Abstract Background Studies have demonstrated that periodontal disease is associated with the development of systemic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate which markers among various systemic disease parameters are affected by periodontal treatment in patients with T2DM. Methods Twelve patients with T2DM were given oral hygiene instructions and subsequent subgingival scaling and root planing. The periodontal status was...

Vinod Bala, and Anju Gupta, and Nishkarsh Gupta, and Mridula Pawar

Bangalore G Kalyani, and Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, and Rashmi Arasappa, and Naren P Rao, and Sunil V Kalmady, and Rishikesh V Behere, and Hariprasad Rao, and Mandapati K Vasudev, and Bangalore N Gangadhar

Background: A sensation of vibration is experienced during audible ′OM′ chanting. This has the potential for vagus nerve stimulation through its auricular branches and the effects on the brain thereof. The neurohemodynamic correlates of ′OM′ chanting are yet to be explored. Materials and Methods: Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), the neurohemodynamic correlates of audible ′OM′ chanting were examined in right-handed healthy volunteers (n=12; nine men). The ′OM′ chanting conditi...

Kam Wa Jessica Mok, and Yan Li Goh, and Laura E Howell, and Ravindra S Date

Introduction: Both converted and difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC) have impact on operating time and training of juniors. The aim of this study is to evaluate parameters that predict difficult LC or conversion (C), and find predictive values for different cut-off points of C-reactive protein (CRP) for conversion. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study of cholecystectomies performed from January 2011 to December 2012 at NHS trust was undertaken. Association of intra-opera...

Chandra K Pandey, and Vandana Saluja, and Kumar Gaurav, and Manish Tandon, and Vijay K Pandey, and Ajeet S Bhadoria

Background & objectives: Coagulation and haemostasis are dynamic processes. The haemostatic changes in liver disease affect all aspects of coagulation. The prothrombin time (PT)/ international normalized ratio (INR) was developed to monitor oral anticoagulant therapy and the activated partial thromboplastin time to investigate inheritable single factor deficiencies. Viscoelastic tests such as thromboelastogram (TEG) give information about dynamics of clot formation (coagulation factor and antico...

ROUSSEL J. M., and BARDONNET A.

The spatio-temporal use of the riffle-pool sequence in a natural salmonid brook was studied by day and night for one year on brown trout (Salmo trutta L.), bullhead (Cottus gobio L.), European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus L.) and stone loach (Barbatula barbatula L.). Young-of-the-year brown trouts were more numerous in riffles in spring, whereas older trouts chose pools. A diel pattern of habitat use between riffle and pool was observed for one-year-old individuals, who moved towards riffl...

Ali Aberoumand

This research work was directed on the study of the proximate chemical composition to compare the effect of the brining constant concentration and different times on the nutritive value of fish. The proximate composition of treated Chirocentrus nudus (protein, fat, ash and energetic value) for 8% salt and 18 h brining was 61.2%, 15.2%, 23.2% and 381.60 kcal/100g respectively. Fat and ash contents in brined fillets of Nemipterus japonicus and Saurida tumbil were found lower and more than C. nudus...

Salvini-Plawen, L. von, and Steiner, G., and Todt, C.

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Aldo Cróquer, and Estrella Villamizar, and Nicida Noriega

In this study, the rates of tissue regeneration and recovery from injuries that emulated the bites of either butterfly or parrotfish on colonies of Montastraea annularis exposed to different sedimentation regimesp were determined. Two small reef patches were chosen elose to key Dos Mosquises, north of the Venezuelan mainland. Sixteen colonies (8 treatments + a single replicate) were artificially damaged at each patch and their recovery was monitored for three months by photographic means. The le...

NĂSTASE Aurel, and NĂVODARU Ion

Ichthyofauna from Matita-Merhei and Rosu-Puiu lake-complexes was studied in 2008, using two complementary methods of sampling: electric fishing for shallow border zone and gillnet fishing for deep open water. The paper presents the actual status of the fish communities for two lake-complex from Danube Delta (Romania). InMatita-Merhei lake-complex were captured 31 fish species (3 exotic species and 28 native species). For this complex the most abundant fish species are: Alburnus alburnus, Rhodeus...

FERI SURYAWAN

It has been conducted the research on mangrove vegetation diversity after tsunami in East Coastal area of Aceh. The method used square method. Amount of mangrove species at tree growth stage was consisted of 9 species. Rhizophora mucronata has the highest important value index (118.62%). The density of mangrove at tree growth stage was 118 tree./hectare, the diversity index was H =1.67. Amount of mangrove species at sapling growth which was found consisted of 10 species. R. mucronata has the hig...

NĂVODARU Ion, and NĂSTASE Aurel

The real figure of fish fauna and fishery of the Danube delta is difficult to be estimated due to the limitation in fish sampling and underreporting of catch. This paper proposes to compare output of fish sampling with commercial catch statistics. Fish fauna from Danube delta complex lakes was sampled in 2006-2008 period and catchstatistics represent a long time series data recording. For fish sampling was used two complementary methods: electric fishing for shallow border zone and Nordic gillne...

L.J. Black, and J.L. Sherriff, and Y. Zhao, and R.M. Lucas

A. Tantet, and H. A. Dijkstra

On interannual- to multidecadal timescales variability in sea surface temperature appears to be organized in large-scale spatiotemporal patterns. In this paper, we investigate these patterns by studying the community structure of interaction networks constructed from sea surface temperature observations. Much of the community structure can be interpreted using known dominant patterns of variability, such as the El Niño/Southern Oscillation and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. The communi...