Ryan M. Huang, and Oron L. Bass Jr, and Stuart L. Pimm

Migratory seabirds face threats from climate change and a variety of anthropogenic disturbances. Although most seabird research has focused on the ecology of individuals at the colony, technological advances now allow researchers to track seabird movements at sea and during migration. We combined telemetry data on Onychoprion fuscatus (sooty terns) with a long-term capture-mark-recapture dataset from the Dry Tortugas National Park to map the movements at sea for this species, calculate estimates...

Kukuh Nirmala, and Arlina Ratnasari, and Syarif Budiman

<p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"> </p><p>Site selection for seaweed culture faces some problems that require more cost, time, and energy. Technology such as remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) were regarded as good solutions for site selection to increase seaweed culture. The aim of this study was to analyze suitable location for seaweed culture at Gerupuk Bay, West Nusa Tenggara. The site selec...

P. C. Chu

<p>Two types of marine geoid exist with the first type being the average level of sea surface height (SSH) if the water is at rest (classical definition), and the second type being satellite-determined with the condition that the water is usually not at rest. The differences between the two are exclusion (inclusion) of the gravity anomaly and non-measurable (measurable) in the first (second) type. The associated absolute dynamic ocean topography (referred to as DOT), i.e., SSH minus marine...

Türe Mustafa, and Alp Hüseyin

Introduction: In the present study, some of the commercial fish farms located in the Black Sea region of Turkey, were screened for bacteria between 2012 and 2014.

Mor Nahum, and Melissa Fisher, and Rachel Loewy, and Gina Poelke, and Joseph Ventura, and Keith H. Nuechterlein, and Christine I. Hooker, and Michael F. Green, and Michael M. Merzenich, and Sophia Vinogradov

Background: Pervasive social cognition deficits are evident early in the course of schizophrenia and are directly linked to functional outcome, making them an important target for intervention. Here, we tested the feasibility of use, and initiated the evaluation of efficacy, of a novel, neuroplasticity-based online training program (SocialVille) in young adults with schizophrenia. Methods: Schizophrenia patients (n = 17) completed 24 hours of online SocialVille game play either from home or at a...

Samir M., and Amin M. A., and Hassan A. O., and Merwad A. M., and Awadallah M. A. I.

Anisakidosis is a zoonotic infection caused by ingestion of raw or undercooked marine fish including Atherina. In some parts of Egypt, the prevalence of anisakid larvae in marine Atherina still, largely, undetermined. Moreover, the currently used procedures are insufficient to avoid human infection. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of anisakid larvae in marine Atherina and to test the effect of several treatment procedures on the viability of anisakid larvae. The infection ra...

Wieczorek Marta, and Wiliński Wojciech, and Sadziak Aleksandra

Palm H., and Damriyasa I., and Linda, and Oka I.

K. Watanabe, and T. Kuwae

Submerged aquatic vegetation takes up water-column dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as a carbon source across its thin cuticle layer. It is expected that marine macrophytes also use atmospheric CO₂ when exposed to air during low tide, although assimilation of atmospheric CO₂ has never been quantitatively evaluated. Using the radiocarbon isotopic signatures (Δ¹⁴C) of the seagrass <i>Zostera marina</i>, DIC and particulate organic carbon (POC), we show quantitative...

Edêmea Faria Carlos Rocha, and Maria Inês Paes Ferreira

Being impacted by illegal occupation and untreated sewage release, the mangrove estuary of the Paraíba do Sul River has high biodiversity and provides various ecosystem services. In this study, we focused on strategies for sustainability promotion in Gargaú, a locality in this estuarine region, associating mangrove conservation to the uses of common resources practiced by locals. The main investigated issues were: “Would it be feasible to create a Conservation Unit in order to reinforce legal me...

P. Sundarambal, and R. Balasubramanian, and P. Tkalich, and J. He

Atmospheric nutrients have recently gained considerable attention as a significant additional source of new nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loading to the ocean. The effect of atmospheric macro nutrients on marine productivity depends on the biological availability of both inorganic and organic N and P forms. During October 2006, the regional smoke haze episodes in Southeast Asia (SEA) that resulted from uncontrolled forest and peat fires in Sumatra and Borneo blanketed large parts of the region...

S. Steigenberger, and P. J. Statham, and C. Völker, and U. Passow

The effect of artificial acidic polysaccharides (PS) and exudates of <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> on the half-life of Fe(II) in seawater was investigated in laboratory experiments. Strong photochemical hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) production of 5.2 to 10.9 nM (mg C)^&minus;1 h^&minus;1 was found in the presence of PS and diatom exudates. Furthermore when illuminated with UV light the presence of algal exudates had a net stabilising effect on ferrous iron...

Sachia Jo Traving, and Mikkel Bentzon-Tilia, and Helle Knudsen-Leerbeck, and Mustafa Mantikci, and Jørgen L S Hansen, and Colin Andrew Stedmon, and Helle Sørensen, and Stiig Markager, and Lasse Riemann, and Lasse Riemann

Bacterioplankton play a key role in marine waters facilitating processes important for carbon cycling. However, the influence of specific bacterial populations and environmental conditions on bacterioplankton community performance remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to identify drivers of bacterioplankton community functions, taking into account the variability in community composition and environmental conditions over seasons, in two contrasting coastal systems. A Least Absolute S...

G. Le Gland, and L. Mémery, and O. Aumont, and L. Resplandy

Radium-228 (²²⁸Ra), an almost conservative trace isotope in the ocean, supplied from the continental shelves and removed by a known radioactive decay (<i>T</i>_1∕2 = 5. 75 years), can be used as a proxy to constrain shelf fluxes of other trace elements, such as nutrients, iron, or rare earth elements. In this study, we perform inverse modeling of a global ²²⁸Ra dataset (including GEOSECS, TTO and GEOTRACES programs, and, for the first time, data from the Arc...

P. Dhanalakshmi, and K. Ramani, and B. Eswara Reddy

Applying machine learning techniques to on-line biomedical databases is a challenging task, as this data is collected from large number of sources and it is multi-dimensional. Also retrieval of relevant document from large repository such as gene document takes more processing time and an increased false positive rate. Generally, the extraction of biomedical document is based on the stream of prior observations of gene parameters taken at different time periods. Traditional web usage models such...

Chen-Yuan Chiu, and Tien-Chia Chang, and Shing-Hwa Liu, and Meng-Tsan Chiang

The present study investigated the regulatory effects of fish oil and chitosan on the signals of hepatic lipid metabolism and the postulated mechanism in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Diet supplementation of chitosan and fish oil efficiently suppressed the increased weights in body and livers of high-fat diet-fed rats. Supplementation of chitosan and fish oil significantly decreased the activities of hepatic lipid biosynthesis-related enzymes and efficiently regulated plasma lipoprotein home...

Oliver Bendel

Abstract This article presents classic dilemmas and transfers them to the information age with special focus on the problem-ridden use of chatbots, robots, drones and self-driving cars. Solution concepts are developed from the perspective of machine ethics among others. It turns out that classic dilemmas are useful for mastering today’s challenges and helpful for discussing the decision-making options of partly or fully autonomous systems and for sensitizing robotics, artificial intelligence and...

Amisha Kanji, and Katijah Khoza-Shangase

Background: Tinnitus is one of the otologic symptoms commonly reported to be associated with temporomandibular disorder (TMD), and questions regarding its nature and cause continue to plague the clinical and research community. Objectives: The current pilot study aimed to investigate the clinical signs and symptoms of presenting tinnitus in a group of individuals with TMD (group A), and compare them with a group with tinnitus but without TMD (group B). Twenty participants were included in the st...

M.N. Hegazy, and H.A. Effat

This research paper is concerned with the impact of oil exploration and production activities on the physical and environment parameters of a coastal zone. Such impacts are the main environmental stress that led to the deterioration of the overall environment of the area under investigation. Different remotely sensed data were used in an integrated way for conducting this research. The remotely sensed data include images from landsat enhanced thematic mapper (ETM+), shuttle radar topography miss...

Djalene Maria Rocha, and Dary Lottmar Kayser Junior, and Nelson Francisco Favilla Ebecken, and Luiz Pereira Calôba

Este trabalho propõe um modelo empírico para o sistema com histerese formado por um tipo de conexão elastomérica riser-plataforma, em águas profundas. A conexão tem o objetivo de minimizar os momentos fletores atuantes, possui grande complexidade e alta criticidade devido às conseqüências econômicas e ambientais decorrentes de sua falha. O elemento principal da junta é composto de material elastomérico com comportamento histerético não-linear. Além disso, o sistema composto por essa conexão tamb...

Maria João Dias Peixoto, and Helena Abreu, and José Fernando Magalhães Gonçalves

<p align="justify"p>SEABIOPLAS - SEAweeds from sustainable aquaculture as feedstock for biodegradable BIOPLAStics - is an ongoing FP7-funded European project which aims to introduce sustainably cultivated seaweeds as feedstock for biodegradable bioplastics. SEABIOPLAS is co-ordinated by Daithi O’Murchu Marine Research Station (DOMMRS), Ireland, with 11 partners in total, including a Portuguese SME (Algaplus). Europe produced 57 million tonnes of plastics in 2010, with the majority (39%) being us...

Francisco Rocha, and Jaime Otero, and Raquel Outeiral, and Ángel F. González, and Joaquín Gracia, and Ángel Guerra

The small-scale cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) fishery in Galician waters (NW Spain) was studied using a model based on data obtained from fishers. This model was applied using information obtained from the small-scale Galician fleet in 1998. A total of 139 personal interviews were carried out at 62 Galician ports. This information was used to estimate catches per unit effort (CPUE) and total catch for the cuttlefish gillnet fishery. The fleet, which fishes in Galician waters w...

Chythra R. Rao, and Veena G. Kamath, and Avinash Shetty, and Asha Kamath

BackgroundObesity is a disease condition that is highly prevalent inboth developed and developing countries. Obesity accountsfor 60% of cases of diabetes, 40% cases of hypertension and20% of coronary heart disease and stroke. Although obesityis a silent killer in the third world countries, there is lessfocus on the problem, as the nations are still staggering withproblems due to infectious and parasitic diseases. So, thecurrent study was undertaken to highlight the problem.MethodA cross-sectiona...

Miriam Fernández, and Paula Pappalardo, and Montserrat C Rodríguez-Ruiz, and Juan Carlos Castilla

From the beginning of the 19th century on, several small sampling trips as well as large national and international scientific expeditions have been carried out to Easter Island (EI) and Salas y Gómez Island (SGI). The objective of this study is to compile, synthesize and analyze published information about the biodiversity of macroalgae, macroinvertebrates and fishes associated with EI-SGI, updating the state of knowledge and making it available for the development of conservation plans. We sea...

Mariana Cristina Pedrassa Sagrilo, and Tais de Lima Ferreira

OBJETIVO: avaliar a memória de trabalho analisando a capacidade de retenção de estímulos auditivos (span verbal) e visuais (span visual) e estabelecer a relação com o gênero (masculino e feminino). MÉTODO: participaram deste estudo 20 crianças entre seis anos e cinco meses e sete anos, sendo 10 sujeitos do sexo masculino e 10 sujeitos do sexo feminino. Todos os sujeitos foram submetidos às provas de avaliação do span verbal e visual em ordem direta e inversa. RESULTADOS: apenas na prova de palav...

Elizabeth Espindola Halpern, and Ligia Costa Leite

Resumo Um estudo pioneiro no Centro de Dependência Química (CEDEQ) da Marinha do Brasil (MB), por meio de uma etnografia, com observação participante, investigou a influência da MB na construção do alcoolismo dos pacientes. Este artigo apresenta um dos resultados da pesquisa, o duplo compromisso deste Ambulatório, com os pacientes e com a instituição. Os resultados abarcam temas como a organização e o funcionamento do CEDEQ, contrato terapêutico, anonimato e sigilo, altas, recaídas, abandonos e ...

J. Schaffer, and R. Timmermann, and J. E. Arndt, and S. S. Kristensen, and C. Mayer, and M. Morlighem, and D. Steinhage

The ocean plays an important role in modulating the mass balance of the polar ice sheets by interacting with the ice shelves in Antarctica and with the marine-terminating outlet glaciers in Greenland. Given that the flux of warm water onto the continental shelf and into the sub-ice cavities is steered by complex bathymetry, a detailed topography data set is an essential ingredient for models that address ice–ocean interaction. We followed the spirit of the global RTopo-1 data set and compiled co...

Jaquelini Oliveira Zeni, and Ana Cláudia Santos, and Fernando Rogério Carvalho

The presence of different mesohabitats in freshwater systems can support higher local and regional fish richness. Thus, their suppression by dam-building represents a real threat to aquatic biodiversity. Our aims were: (1) to survey the fish fauna in two different mesohabitats in lower Preto River: a riffle indirectly threatened by dam-building and a run with different physical structure; and (2) to analyze and compare the fish community structure in these different mesohabitats. Six samplings w...

Estefanía Rodríguez, and Pablo José López-González

A second species of the sea anemone genus Isosicyonis is described and illustrated from 16 specimens collected in the Weddell Sea (Antarctica) on the Polarstern cruises ANT XVII/3, ANT XXI/2 and ANT XXIII/8. Isosicyonis striata n. sp. is easily distinguishable externally from the other species of the genus Isosicyonis alba by its pattern: white longitudinal stripes on the column, oral disc, and tentacles. It is also distinguished by internal features including the retractor muscles, parietobasil...

Simon de Lusignan, and Paul Krause

<strong>Background</strong> There has been much criticism of the NHS national programme for information technology (IT); it has been an expensive programme and some elements appear to have achieved little. The Hayes report was written as an independent review of health and social care IT in England. <strong>Objective</strong> To identify key principles for health IT implementation which may have relevance beyond the critique of NHS IT. Outcome We elicit ten principles from the Hayes report, whic...

Craig F. Garfield, and Young Seok Lee, and Hyung Nam Kim, and Joshua Rutsohn, and Janine Yasmin Kahn, and Brian Mustanski, and David C. Mohr

Objective: To determine whether parents of Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) transitioning home with the NICU-2-Home smartphone application have greater parenting self-efficacy, are better prepared for discharge and have shorter length of stay (LOS) than control parents. Methods: A four-week pilot randomized controlled trial during the transition home with 90 VLBW parents randomized to usual care (n = 44) or usual care plus NICU-2-Home (n = 46), a sm...

Tiffany C. Delport, and Amy J. Asher, and Linda J. Beaumont, and Koa N. Webster, and Robert G. Harcourt, and Michelle L. Power

Giardia and Cryptosporidium are amongst the most common protozoan parasites identified as causing enteric disease in pinnipeds. A number of Giardia assemblages and Cryptosporidium species and genotypes are common in humans and terrestrial mammals and have also been identified in marine mammals. To investigate the occurrence of these parasites in an endangered marine mammal, the Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea), genomic DNA was extracted from faecal samples collected from wild populations ...

Marcelo Pablo Hernando, and Gabriela Fabiana Malanga, and Gustavo Adolfo Ferreyra

The reduction of the Antarctic stratospheric ozone resulted in significant increases in ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B, 280-320 nm) reaching the surface of the ocean. The main objective of this work was to study long-term (growth rate scale, days) stress responses (lipid oxidative damage, TBARS, and lipid soluble antioxidants) to UV-B and UV-A of a phytoflagellate species (Asteromonas sp.) isolated from a natural phytoplankton community of the Subantarctic Beagle Channel. The growth rate was inhi...

S N Surendran, and T Veluppillai, and T Eswaramohan, and K Sivabalakrishnan, and F Noordeen, and R Ramasamy

Background & objectives: Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are major arboviral vectors that are considered to lay eggs, and undergo preimaginal development only in fresh water collections. However, recently they have been also shown to develop in coastal brackish water habitats. The ability of the biologically variant salinity-tolerant Aedes vectors to transmit arboviral diseases is unknown. We therefore, investigated the infection of salinity-tolerant Aedes mosquitoes with dengue virus (DENV) an...

Milind Machhindra Patil, and Sreejith Parameswaran, and Sadishkumar Kamalanathan, and Jaya Prakash Sahoo, and Karthik Balachandran, and Sitanshu Sekhar Kar

Both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypothyroidism are associated with decreased serum irisin level. The presence of hypothyroidism may influence serum irisin level in CKD patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of hypothyroidism on serum irisin level in patients with nondiabetic CKD. Two hundred nondiabetic CKD patients aged between 18 and 65 years with glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 were included in this study. Forty-three (21.5%) patients had hypothyr...

Thenmozhi Paluchamy, and Rajeswari Vaidyanathan

End-stage renal disease is emerging as a major public health problem in the developing countries. It must be treated with renal replacement therapy and hemodialysis (HD) is the most widely used therapy and the only maintenance treatment if kidney transplant is not feasible. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of intradialytic exercise on dialysis efficacy, physiological parameters, biochemical markers, and quality of life among patients on HD. Experimental research design was adopted...

Kathryn E. Mickle

The Upper Mississippian Bluefield Formation of the Mauch Chunk Group in southeastern West Virginia is known for its preservation of a variety of invertebrate taxa and early tetrapod trackways, but no lower actinopterygian remains have been formally described from these Carboniferous rocks. Here, the first lower actinopterygian fish is described from the Bluefield Formation of West Virginia. This fish is represented by a nearly complete articulated specimen with a three-dimensional snout and an u...

José Miguel Campo Rizo

Sin resumen

M. HAGNER, and O-P. PENTTINEN, and T. PASANEN

Birch tar oil (BTO) is a by-product of processing birch wood in a pyrolysis system. Accumulating evidence suggests the suitability of BTO as a biocide or repellent in terrestrial environments for the control of weeds, insects, molluscs and rodents. Once applied as biocide, BTO may end up, either through run-off or leaching, in aquatic systems and may have adverse effects on non-target organisms. As very little is known about the toxicity of BTO to aquatic organisms, the present study investigate...

Carmen B. De Los Santos, and Ragnhildur Sigurðardóttir, and Alexandra Cunha, and Kevan Cook, and Józef M. Wiktor, and Rui Santos

INTRODUCTION Seagrass meadows are common ecosystems along the European coastline (Green and Short, 2003), providing a wide range of valuable ecosystems services (e.g. Barbier et al., 2011, Cullen-Unsworth et al., 2013). Four native species are found in Europe: <i>Zostera marina</i> and <i>Z. noltei</i> occurs in all regional waters, <i>Posidonia oceanica</i> is endemic of the Mediterranean Sea, and <i>Cymodocea nodosa</i> is mainly found in the Mediterranean but also occurs in the Southern Atlan...

Ewa Paturej, and Agnieszka Gutkowska, and Jacek Koszałka, and Magdalena Bowszys

This paper analyzes whether physicochemical properties significantly influence the occurrence of zooplankton in a brackish reservoir. The studies were carried out on the Vistula Lagoon in August and September from 2006 to 2009 at 32 research sites. The environmental conditions in the Vistula Lagoon varied widely. At the time of the investigation, 17 species of rotifers, six species of Cladocera, and ten species of Copepoda were noted, and the total density of plankton fauna ranged from 145 to 76...

Annalisa Serio, and Clemencia Chaves-López, and Chiara Rossi, and Paola Pittia, and Marco Dalla Rosa, and Antonello Paparella

<em>Lonza</em> is a traditional Italian meat product made from whole pork muscles, which is typically cured by dry salting. In this work, we study the effects of vacuum brine impregnation (VBI) as an alternative salting method on the survival of Enterobacteriaceae, in presence and in absence of nitrites. In comparison with the traditional brining process, VBI contributed to reducing the Enterobacteriaceae population on product surface but induced contamination of the inner muscle tissues. Our re...

Nazario Tartaglione, and Rodrigo Caballero

<p>This article investigates the role of sea surface temperature (SST) as well as the effects of evaporation and moisture convergence on the evolution of cyclone Klaus, which occurred on January 23 and 24, 2009. To elucidate the role of sea surface temperature (SST) and air–sea fluxes in the dynamics of the cyclone, ten hydrostatic mesoscale simulations were performed by Bologna Limited Area Model (BOLAM). The first one was a control experiment with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forec...

Davood Mahdian, and Milad Iranshahy, and Abolfazl Shakeri, and Azar Hoseini, and Hoda Yavari, and Melika Nazemi, and Mehrdad Iranshahi

Objective: To screen the cytotoxic effects of some marine sponges extracts on HeLa and PC12 cells. Methods: Five marine sponges including Ircinia echinata (I. echinata), Dysidea avara, Axinella sinoxea, Haliclona tubifera and Haliclona violacea were collected from the Persian Gulf (Hengam Island). The cytotoxic effect of these sponges was evaluated by using MTT assay. The metabolic high performance liquid chromatography fingerprint of I. echinata was also carried out at two wavelengths (254 and ...

Vytautas Kesminas

Dynamics of salmon resources is of a great importance to most countries in the Baltic Sea region, including Lithuania. Currently, human activity is the main cause of negative impact on salmon stocks status mainly through habitat loss. Salmon restocking program started in 1998 with the aim to recover stocks in the Nemunas River basin. The program involved artificial rearing, construction of fish ladders, protection of spawning grounds, stock monitoring, fishery regulation in the sea and rivers. O...

Francesco Genovese, and Giovanni Carlo Di Renzo, and Giuseppe Altieri, and Antonella Tauriello

The entire process of olive oil extraction involves the breakage of olive fruits to obtain a paste, the kneading of the paste, a centrifugation, and a further cleaning, performed by a disc stack centrifuge, to separate the residual water. In this research, in order to evaluate the effect of final centrifugal separation on olive oil quality and to both define and design the settings of a innovative separation system, olive oil was separated off from water using an accelerated separation process, ...

Beth N Orcutt, and Douglas E. LaRowe, and Jennifer F Biddle, and Frederick S. Colwell, and Brian T. Glazer, and Brandi Kiel Reese, and John B Kirkpatrick, and Laura L Lapham, and Heath J. Mills, and Jason B Sylvan, and Scott D Wankel, and C Geoff Wheat

The vast marine deep biosphere consists of microbial habitats within sediment, pore waters, upper basaltic crust and the fluids that circulate throughout it. A wide range of temperature, pressure, pH, and electron donor and acceptor conditions exists – all of which can combine to affect carbon and nutrient cycling and result in gradients on spatial scales ranging from millimeters to kilometers. Diverse and mostly uncharacterized microorganisms live in these habitats, and potentially play a role ...

Sílvia Rodríguez-Climent, and Nuno Caiola, and Carles Ibáñez

In the Ebro Delta coastal lagoons, one of the main anthropogenic pressures is the artificial freshwater input. Each coastal lagoon has different water management schemes causing profound changes in its physicochemical characteristics. The main objective of this water management is to favour some bird species with interest either for conservation or hunting activities. The present study assesses the influence of hydrological alteration on the fish assemblages of three coastal lagoons in the Ebro ...

Ahmed Elhanafi

In this paper, hydrodynamic wave loads on an offshore stationary–floating oscillating water column (OWC) are investigated via a 2D and 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling based on the RANS equations and the VOF surface capturing scheme. The CFD model is validated against previous experiments for nonlinear regular wave interactions with a surface-piercing stationary barge. Following the validation stage, the numerical model is modified to consider the pneumatic damping effect, and an e...

Isabel Ferrera, and Caterina R. Giner, and Albert Reñé, and Jordi Camp, and Ramon Massana, and Josep M Gasol, and Esther Garcés

Sequencing of rRNA gene polymerase chain reaction amplicons (rRNA tags) is the most common approach for investigating microbial diversity. The recent development of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies has enabled the exploration of microbial biodiversity at an unprecedented scale, greatly expanding our knowledge on the microbiomes of marine ecosystems. These approaches provide accurate, fast and cost efficient observations of the marine communities, and thus, may be suitable tools in b...