Zhu Jian-Bin, and Wan Zhan-Hong, and Wang Xiao-Chun, and Lü Lin

Droplets are known to play an important role in momentum, heat, and moisture transfer between the ocean and atmosphere. A lot of scholars and experts aim to investigate the effects of droplets on the climate and make precise forecast for hurricane conditions. So the profiles of droplets concentration at different heights above the sea surface are important. For a better study of the momentum and energy transport among the boundary layer, we also need to know the distribution of...

Martin L Christoffersen

The southern boundaries of Tozeuma serratum A. Milne Edwards, Salmoneus ortmanni (Rankin) and Processa profunda Manning & Chace, previously known only from the northwestern Atlantic, have been extended to São Paulo, Paraná and Uruguay, respectively. Latreutes parvulus (Stimpson), previously not known beyond São Paulo has been found to as far south as the Province of Buenos Aires. A systematic account of these four species is furnished, based mainly on material collected by the R/V "Prof. W. Besn...

Y. Couturier, and H. Trouvé, and D. Gagnon, and D. Somme, and S. Carrier, and O. Saint-Jean

Darius Jarmalavičius, and Jonas Satkūnas, and Gintautas Žilinskas, and Donatas Pupienis

An analysis of the dynamics of wind velocity along the Baltic coast of Lithuania is presented, based on data collected during field experiments in the summer, fall and winter of 1999–2001 and 2007–2009 at several sites (Būtingė, Šaipiai, Smiltynė, Juodkrantė, Pervalka and Nida). The locations were chosen in order to encompass a wide spectrum of beach and dune ridge morphology. The relationship between wind velocity dynamics and coastal morphology was established, based on measurements of the slo...

C. E. Mueller, and A. I. Larsson, and B. Veuger, and J. J. Middelburg, and D. van Oevelen

The ability of the cold-water coral <i>Lophelia pertusa</i> to exploit different food sources was investigated under standardized conditions in a flume. The tested food sources, dissolved organic matter (DOM, added as dissolved free amino acids), bacteria, algae, and zooplankton (<i>Artemia</i>) were deliberately enriched in ¹³C and ¹⁵N. The incorporation of ¹³C and ¹⁵N was traced into bulk tissue, fatty acids, hydrolysable amino acids, and the skeleto...

Michael eVilliger, and Michael eVilliger, and Patrick eGrabher, and Marie-Claude eHepp-Reymond, and Daniel eKiper, and Armin eCurt, and Marc eBolliger, and Sabina eHotz-Boendermaker, and Spyros eKollias, and Kynan eEng, and Patrick eFreund, and Patrick eFreund, and Patrick eFreund

Rehabilitative training has shown to improve significantly motor outcomes and functional walking capacity in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). However, whether performance improvements during rehabilitation relate to brain plasticity or whether it is based on functional adaptation of movement strategies remain uncertain. This study assessed training improvement-induced structural brain plasticity in chronic iSCI patients using longitudinal MRI.We used tensor-based morphometry (...

Raúl Prellezo, and Itsaso Carmona, and Dorleta García, and Luis Arregi, and Jon Ruiz, and Iñigo Onandia

The European Union Common Fisheries Policy has established a discard ban, which states that fish below a reference size cannot be sold directly for human consumption. In a fishing effort-regulated fishery, the discard ban can result in extra handling, storing and landing costs. In an output-regulated fishery, this policy might also limit the effort levels as all the catches count against the quota. In both cases, this regulation can reduce the economic performance of the companies, even in singl...

J. M. Brown, and P. Ciavola, and G. Masselink, and R. McCall, and A. J. Plater

Storms across the globe and their associated consequences in coastal zones (flooding and erosion), combined with the long-term geomorphic evolution of our coastlines, are a threat to life and assets, both socioeconomic and environmental. In a changing climate, with a rising global sea level, potentially changing patterns in storm tracks and storminess, and rising population density and pressures on the coastal zone, the future risk of coastal storm impacts is likely to increase. Coastal managers...

Wan-Ok Lee, and Dae-Han Kim, and Dae-Hee Kim, and Jae-Min Baek, and Sang-Woo Lee, and Gye-Cheong Yang

In order to examine distribution characteristics of freshwater fish in Jeju-do, freshwater fish were examined at 17 stations including three reservoirs, 13 stations in six streams, and one estuary wetland. A total of 396 fish individuals of seven species in four families were collected at the three reservoir stations and Lepomis macrochirus, an introduced species that disturbs the ecosystem, was the dominant species (71.7%). There were 770 fish individuals of 22 species in 15 families collected ...

Jin Han, and Philip J. Batterham, and Alison L. Calear, and Yang Wu, and Jing Xue, and Bregje A.J. van Spijker

Introduction: Suicide is the second leading cause of death for the university aged population globally. A significant proportion of students with suicidal ideation or behaviours do not seek professional help. Few primary suicide prevention programs have specifically targeted help seeking for suicidal ideation or behaviours among university students. Methods: This study reported the development and pilot test of a brief, two-module online psychoeducational program (ProHelp) that aimed to encourag...

Duncan G.L. Baker, and Tyler D. Eddy, and Reba McIver, and Allison L. Schmidt, and Marie-Hélène Thériault, and Monica Boudreau, and Simon C. Courtenay, and Heike K. Lotze

Coastal ecosystems are among the most productive yet increasingly threatened marine ecosystems worldwide. Particularly vegetated habitats, such as eelgrass (Zostera marina) beds, play important roles in providing key spawning, nursery and foraging habitats for a wide range of fauna. To properly assess changes in coastal ecosystems and manage these critical habitats, it is essential to develop sound monitoring programs for foundation species and associated assemblages. Several survey methods exis...

Katja eAnttila, and Sven Martin eJørgensen, and Matthew Thomas Casselman, and Gerrit eTimmerhaus, and Anthony Peter eFarrell, and Anthony Peter eFarrell, and Harald eTakle

This experiment tested the hypothesis that swimming performance in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr is connected to cardiorespiratory performance and morphology, as well as maximum heart rate (fHmax) related measures of thermal tolerance. Moreover, it was hypothesized that the cardiorespiratory differences between poor and strong swimmers will be retained in a later life stage, i.e., 15 weeks post-smoltification and seawater transfer. This experiment screened a population of 3,200 parr (11.2 ±...

M. Kleinherenbrink, and R. Riva, and Y. Sun

In this study, for the first time, an attempt is made to close the sea level budget on a sub-basin scale in terms of trend and amplitude of the annual cycle. We also compare the residual time series after removing the trend, the semiannual and the annual signals. To obtain errors for altimetry and Argo, full variance–covariance matrices are computed using correlation functions and their errors are fully propagated. For altimetry, we apply a geographically dependent intermission bias [Ablain et a...

Ken eKinjo, and Ken eKinjo, and Eiji eUchibe, and Kenji eDoya, and Kenji eDoya

Linearly solvable Markov Decision Process (LMDP) is a class of optimal control problem in whichthe Bellman’s equation can be converted into a linear equation by an exponential transformation ofthe state value function (Todorov, 2009). In an LMDP, the optimal value function and the correspondingcontrol policy are obtained by solving an eigenvalue problem in a discrete state space or an eigenfunctionproblem in a continuous state using the knowledge of the system dynamics and the action, state, and...

Mariana Montiel Hernández

In the present work a report and an analysis of an interdisciplinary experience that was carried out under a special program to encourage the development of pilot projects with this character is presented. The proposal for the collaboration between the courses Postonal Analysis at the School of Music of Georgia State University (GSU) in the United States and Mathematical Music Theory at the Department of Mathematics and Statistics from the same university, was selected in a competition whose sub...

Ove Hoegh-Guldberg

Coral reefs have enormous value in terms of biodiversity and the ecosystem goods and services that they provide to hundreds of millions of people around the world. These important ecosystems are facing rapidly increasing pressure from climate change, particularly ocean warming and acidification. A centrally important question is whether reef-building corals and the ecosystems they build will be able to acclimate, adapt, or migrate in response to rapid anthropogenic climate change. This issue is ...

John Okombo, and Alice W. Kamau, and Kevin Marsh, and Colin J. Sutherland, and Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier

Molecular surveillance of drug resistance markers through time provides crucial information on genomic adaptations, especially in parasite populations exposed to changing drug pressures. To assess temporal trends of established genotypes associated with tolerance to clinically important antimalarials used in Kenya over the last two decades, we sequenced a region of the pfcrt locus encompassing codons 72–76 of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter, full-length pfmdr1 – enc...

Dong Sun, and Zhensheng Liu, and Chunsheng Wang

Most subtropical bays of China have been under heavy pollution since the late 1990s, mainly because of the rapid development of aquaculture and discharge of industrial and agricultural wastewater. Some projects were conducted to investigate the zooplankton community in these bays, but those studies were less focused on the relationship between spatial structure of mesozooplankton community and environmental variables in/among bays. The mesozooplankton community structures in relation to physical...

Thanh Duc Dang, and Thomas A. Cochrane, and Mauricio E. Arias, and Van Pham Dang Tri

Study region: The Mekong floodplains and delta are among the most agriculturally productive and biologically diverse waterscapes of the world, but sea level rise, land subsidence, and the proposed upstream development of over 126 hydropower dams and extensive delta-based water infrastructure have raised concern due to potential impacts on the hydrology of the region. Study focus: This study aims to quantify the effects of water infrastructure development, land subsidence and sea level rise on hy...

J. Etourneau, and L. G. Collins, and V. Willmott, and J.-H. Kim, and L. Barbara, and A. Leventer, and S. Schouten, and J. S. Sinninghe Damsté, and A. Bianchini, and V. Klein, and X. Crosta, and G. Massé

The West Antarctic ice sheet is particularly sensitive to global warming and its evolution and impact on global climate over the next few decades remains difficult to predict. In this context, investigating past sea ice conditions around Antarctica is of primary importance. Here, we document changes in sea ice presence, upper water column temperatures (0–200 m) and primary productivity over the last 9000 yr BP (before present) in the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) margin from a sedimentary co...

Tabak M, and Brusse-Keizer M, and van der Valk P, and Hermens H, and Vollenbroek-Hutten M

Monique Tabak,1,2 Marjolein Brusse-Keizer,3 Paul van der Valk,3,4 Hermie Hermens,1,2 Miriam Vollenbroek-Hutten1,2 1Telemedicine Group, Roessingh Research and Development, 2Telemedicine Group, University of Twente, 3Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Medisch Spectrum Twente, 4Medical School Twente, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands Abstract: The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the use of and satisfaction with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) telehe...

André Luiz Machado Pessanha, and Francisco Gerson Araújo, and Márcia Cristina Costa de Azevedo, and Iracema David Gomes

<abstract language="eng">A year-long beach seine survey at the continental margin of Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, catching mainly young-of-the-year and juvenile fishes was carried out from July 1983 to June 1984, in order to describe the community structure and their spatial and seasonal variations. Fifty-five monthly samplied carried out in five sites in the marginal surf zone waters yielded 11,463 fishes in 82 species, 59 genera and 31 families. Gerreidae, Engraulidi-dae, Atheri...

Chatthaphisuth Sanchart, and Soottawat Benjakul, and Onnicha Rattanaporn, and Dietmar Haltrich, and Suppasil Maneerat

Kung-Som is one of several Thai traditional fermented shrimp products, that is especially popular in the southern part of Thailand. This is the first report to reveal the bacterial communities in the finished product of Kung-Som. Ten Kung-Som samples were evaluated using the polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) methodology combined with appropriate primers to study the dynamics of the bacterial population. Two primer sets (V3; 341f(GC)- 518r and rpoB; ...

L. E. R. Tavares, and J. L. Luque, and A. J. A. Bicudo

Juan José Alvarado, and Rita Vargas-Castillo

Los arrecifes coralinos son uno de los ecosistemas más diversos en el planeta, tanto por los organismos constructores como por aquellos que viven encima, sobre, dentro y debajo de ellos. Los corales del genero Pocillopora son reconocidos mundialmente por albergar una importante fauna de invertebrados entre sus ramas, los cuales son considerados como simbiontes obligatorios en una gran cantidad de casos. La presente investigación describe la fauna de invertebrados asociados al coral Pocillopora d...

Ioan URSU, and Adrian TOADER

The study is conceived in two parts and aims to get some contributions to the problem ofPIO aircraft susceptibility analysis. Part I, previously published in this journal, highlighted the mainsteps of deriving a complex model of human pilot. The current Part II of the paper considers a properprocedure of the human pilot mathematical model synthesis in order to analyze PIO II typesusceptibility of a VTOL-type aircraft, related to the presence of position and rate-limited actuator.The mathematical...

Sonny T.M. Lee, and Michelle Kelly, and Tim J. Langlois, and Mark J. Costello

Seabed mapping can quantify the extent of benthic habitats that comprise marine ecosystems, and assess the impact of fisheries on an ecosystem. In this study, the distribution of seabed habitats in a proposed no-take Marine Reserve along the northeast coast of Great Barrier Island, New Zealand, was mapped using underwater video combined with bathymetry and substratum data. As a result of the boundary extending to the 12 nautical mile Territorial Limit, it would have been the largest coastal Mari...

R. Jayabarathi, and I. Anandavelu, and G. Padmavati

A single specimen of Green Mantis Shrimp Gonodactylellus viridis (Stomatopoda: Gonodactylidae) was collected from the intertidal seagrass habitats of the South Andaman Islands. The species is reported for the first time from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Available literature revealed that the stomatopod fauna of Andaman and Nicobar Islands are in the least studied group. Characteristic features of the family and the species are given in detail.

A. A. Aliabadi, and R. M. Staebler, and S. Sharma

The Canadian Arctic has experienced decreasing sea ice extent and increasing shipping activity in recent decades. While there are economic incentives to develop resources in the north, there are environmental concerns that increasing marine traffic will contribute to declining air quality in northern communities. In an effort to characterize the relative impact of shipping on air quality in the north, two monitoring stations have been installed in Cape Dorset and Resolute, Nunavut,...

P-L Cloutier, and F. Fortin, and M. Fournier, and P. Brousseau, and P.-É. Groleau, and M. Desrosiers

Not available

Netti Aryani, and Indra Suharman, and Hafrijal Syandri

Background: Hemibagrus wyckii Bagridae is one of the most important economic fish species that lives in the rivers and reservoir in Riau Province, Indonesia. The present study aimed to determine the reproductive performance of H.wyckii under culture conditions. Methods: A total of 10 female and 10 male fish were selected, and weight, length, characteristics of egg and sperm, and hatchery performance were measured. Eggs were fertilized using the dry method. Egg weight and egg diameters were measu...

Stephen Gregory, and Teresa M. Murray-Torres, and Bradley A. Fritz, and Arbi Ben Abdallah, and Daniel L. Helsten, and Troy S. Wildes, and Anshuman Sharma, and Michael S. Avidan, and ACTFAST Study Group

Background: Each year, over 300 million people undergo surgical procedures worldwide. Despite efforts to improve outcomes, postoperative morbidity and mortality are common. Many patients experience complications as a result of either medical error or failure to adhere to established clinical practice guidelines. This protocol describes a clinical trial comparing a telemedicine-based decision support system, the Anesthesiology Control Tower (ACT), with enhanced standard intraoperative care. Metho...

Zaki Mubarak, and Adintya Humaira, and Basri A. Gani, and Zainal A. Muchlisin

Background: Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungus that might infect the oral cavity. Increased colony numbers of C. albicans in the mouth can be caused by multiple factors, such as smoking, weakened immune system, antibiotics use and immune-compromised condition. Smoking can increase expression of virulence factors of C. albicans and make it stronger. One virulence factor of C. albicans is biofilm formation. The ability of creating biofilm makes C. albicans more tolerant to commercial anti...

Filip Drozd, and Silje Marie Haga, and Carina Lisøy, and Kari Slinning

Purpose: Despite promising results, internet interventions are not widely accessible or well-integrated in health services. The objective of this study was, therefore, to examine the implementation of an internet intervention (‘Mamma Mia’) for the prevention of perinatal depression in Norwegian well-baby clinics (i.e., primary care). Methods: Mamma Mia begins in mid-pregnancy and lasts up to 6 months after childbirth. It consists of 44 online sessions, supported by midwives and public health nur...

Maria Paulina Hauser, and Teresita Ana Milán, and Alicia Oiberman

The characteristics of early interactions are fundamental during the first three years of the child, as these early experiences may affect child´s growth, development and behavior. High-risk infants have a high-risk of sequelae, especially those with a history of premature birth, low birth weight, neonatal pathologies and important psychosocial problems. This pilot study aimed to determine whether the mother-child interactions during the first 12 months of corrected age affect the development ac...

Juan Lei, and David T. Booth

Excessive sea turtle nest predation is a problem for conservation management of sea turtle populations. This study assessed predation on nests of the endangered loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) at Wreck Rock beach adjacent to Deepwater National Park in Southeast Queensland, Australia after a control program for feral foxes was instigated. The presence of predators on the nesting dune was evaluated by tracking plots (2 × 1 m) every 100 m along the dune front. There were 21 (2014–2015) and ...

I. Grefe, and J. Kaiser

Dissolved nitrous oxide (N₂O) concentrations are usually determined by gas chromatography (GC). Here we present laboratory tests and initial field measurements using a novel setup comprising a commercially available laser-based analyser for N₂O, carbon monoxide and water vapour coupled to a glass-bed equilibrator. This approach is less labour-intensive and provides higher temporal and spatial resolution than the conventional GC technique. The standard deviation of continuou...

Da Huo, and Lina Sun, and Xiaoshang Ru, and Libin Zhang, and Chenggang Lin, and Shilin Liu, and Xiaoke Xin, and Hongsheng Yang

Hypoxia is one of the most frequently occurring stressors confronted by industrial cultures of sea cucumber and can cause large economic losses and resource degradation. However, its responsive mechanisms are still lacking. In this paper, the physiological responses of Apostichopus japonicus to oxygen deficiency was illustrated, including induced oxidative response and immune defense and changed digestive enzymes activities. Significantly increased activities of alpha-amylase (AMS), acid phospha...

Mirna Neli, and Linda Theron

Some Grade 4 educators have expressed feelings of ineptitude regarding the support of ESL (English Second Language) learners with limited English proficiency as they do not know how to support these learners effectively. Their litany emphasises ESL educators' need for supportive and preventive intervention. A Story-based Language Enrichment Programme (SLEP) was compiled to suit the needs of educators teaching Grade 4 ESL learners with limited English proficiency. The programme was designed to ma...

Claudio Silva, and María A Barbieri, and Eleuterio Yánez, and Juan C Gutiérrez-Estrada, and Tomás Ángel DelValls

This study illustrate the use of indicators and models to support the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries and Aquaculture management using two case studies in Chile: prediction of environmental variability effects upon anchovy (Engraulis ringens) fishery of northern Chile and prediction of suitable sites and carrying capacity of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) culture using FARM and geographic information system (GIS) models in the Valdivia estuary. A three stage approach was applied: Stage 1 con...

Cristiano Nunes Nesi, and Taciana Melissa de Azevedo Kuhn, and Emily Silva Araujo, and Átila Francisco Mógor, and Louise Larissa May De Mio

Em morangueiros, a mancha das folhas, causada por Mycosphaerella fragariae, é uma das doenças mais comuns na cultura, o que torna importantes os estudos de controle alternativo e de cultivares, sobre o progresso da epidemia. Em busca de práticas alternativas para seu controle, avaliou-se o efeito de cultivares de morangueiro e do extrato da alga Ascophyllum nodosum, na expressão dos sintomas de mycosphaerella, além de avaliar o ajuste de modelos de crescimento para o progresso temporal da incidê...

O I Aina, and A U Namadi, and S Buhrer-Sekula, and L Oskam

Background: In Nigeria, leprosy still remains a condition that attracts attention, both by the government of the country, and particularly so by the Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), due to its disabling and disfiguring consequences. Thus given the difficulties that control programs are often faced with, leprosy still remains a public health problem in Nigeria. Method: The Royal Tropical Institute (KIT) Biomedical Research developed the mycobacterium leprae (ML) flow test and evaluated its ...

Wai Kit Ma, and Brian SH Ho, and Andrew SH Lai, and Ka Cheong Lam, and Yun Sang Chan, and Lawrance KC Yip, and Ada TL Ng, and James HL Tsu, and Ming Kwong Yiu

A. Dellinger, and J. Plotkin, and B. Duncan, and L. Robertson, and T. Brady, and C. Kepley

Crustaceans, such as crab and lobster, comprise an important global food commodity. They are captured in traps using primarily forage fish (e.g. anchovies, herring, and menhaden), as bait. Approximately 18 million tons of these fish are used annually to bait traps, worldwide (U. Nations, 2014). In addition to natural predators dependent on forage fish (Pikitch et al., 2012), myriad other factors are further intensifying demand and collectively threatening stocks (e.g. Omega-3 supplements, pet fo...

Hazel A. Oxenford, and Henri Vallès

Global warming is seen as one of the greatest threats to the world’s coral reefs and, with the continued rise in sea surface temperature predicted into the future, there is a great need for further understanding of how to prevent and address the damaging impacts. This is particularly so for countries whose economies depend heavily on healthy reefs, such as those of the eastern Caribbean. Here, we compare the severity of bleaching and mortality for five dominant coral species at six representativ...

René Funes-Rodríguez, and Rafael Cervantes-Duarte, and Silverio López-López, and Alejandro Hinojosa-Medina, and Alejandro Zárate-Villafranco, and Gabriela M. Esqueda-Escárcega

Abundance patterns of eggs and larvae of the Pacific sardine, Sardinops sagax (Jenyns, 1842), in Bahía Magdalena, Baja California Sur, were analysed during a cooling period south of the California Current from 2005 to 2009. The thermohaline characteristics and zooplankton abundance were good descriptors of the potential spawning habitat. Individual quotient analyses showed a predominance of eggs and larvae within a SST range of 16 to 18°C, at low salinities (33.9-34.1) and at low density gradien...

C. D. Holmes, and M. J. Prather, and G. C. M. Vinken

Nitrogen oxide (NO_x) emissions from maritime shipping produce ozone (O₃) and hydroxyl radicals (OH), which in turn destroy methane (CH₄). The balance between this warming (due to O₃) and cooling (due to CH₄) determines the net effect of ship NO_x on climate. Previous estimates of the chemical impact and radiative forcing (RF) of ship NO_x have generally assumed that plumes of ship exhaust are instantly diluted into model ...

Patrick eMcConney, and Lucia eFanning, and Robin eMahon, and Bertha eSimmons

Weak governance is a root cause of the problems constraining the sustainable management of shared living marine resources within the Wider Caribbean Region (WCR). Integral to any fully functioning policy cycle in governance is the communication of marine science data and information, through the stages of the policy cycle, ultimately for use in decision-making. The networks of ties between science and policy constitute science-policy interfaces. Connecting science to policy is a major issue conf...

Rafael A. Magris, and Robert L. Pressey, and Morena Mills, and Daniele A. Vila-Nova, and Sergio Floeter

Decision-makers focus on representing biodiversity pattern, maintaining connectivity, and strengthening resilience to global warming when designing marine protected area (MPA) systems, especially in coral reef ecosystems. The achievement of these broad conservation objectives will likely require large areas, and stretch limited funds for MPA implementation. We undertook a spatial prioritisation of Brazilian coral reefs that considered two types of conservation zones (i.e. no-take and multiple us...

Matteo Cerquetella, and Fulvio Laus, and Fabiana Speranzini, and Cristina Carnevali, and Andrea Spaterna, and Edda Battaglia, and Gabrio Bassotti

Recurrent episodes of self-limiting diarrhea in the dog, due to sudden dietary changes and to stressful or exciting situations, are conditions sometimes difficult to treat. Colifagina®, a commercially available bacterial enterovaccine, showed, in previous studies performed on experimentally induced colitis in mice, to be able to improve both disease activity index and histological appearance, increase colonic secretion of IgA, and reduce inflammatory chemokine secretion. In the present study Col...