Katrin eSattler, and Brian eAnderson, and Andrew eMackintosh, and Andrew eMackintosh, and Kevin eNorton, and Mairéad ede Róiste

Alpine permafrost occurrence in maritime climates has received little attention, despite suggestions that permafrost may occur at lower elevations than in continental climates. To assess the spatial and altitudinal limits of permafrost in the maritime Southern Alps, we developed and tested a catchment-scale distributed permafrost estimate. We used logistic regression to identify the relationship between permafrost presence at 280 active and relict rock glacier sites and the independent variables...

L. C. Cotovicz Jr., and B. A. Knoppers, and N. Brandini, and S. J. Costa Santos, and G. Abril

In contrast to its small surface area, the coastal zone plays a disproportionate role in the global carbon cycle. Carbon production, transformation, emission and burial rates at the land–ocean interface are significant at the global scale but still poorly known, especially in tropical regions. Surface water <i>p</i>CO₂ and ancillary parameters were monitored during nine field campaigns between April 2013 and April 2014 in Guanabara Bay, a tropical eutrophic to hypertrophic semi-enclos...

Ibrahim A. Raufu, and F.A. Lawan, and H.S. Bello, and A.S. Musa, and J.A. Ameh, and A.G. Ambali

Evaluation of human and animal health surveillance programs is currently lacking in most developing countries including sub-Saharan Africa. To evaluate the burden of salmonellosis and antimicrobial resistance status in developing countries, we need to identify the sources, serovar distribution and the prevalence of Salmonella to guide in the formulation of control program. This study was undertaken to determine the prevailing Salmonella serovars, the occurrence and the antimicrobial susceptibili...

M. N. Qureshi, and A. Q. Khan

In this paper, we study the qualitative behavior of following open-access anchovy fishery model: xn+1=axnb-d α xvnyn, yn+1=yn(η(pαxvn-c)+1), where a,b,c,d,v,p,α, η, and the initial conditions x0, y0 are positive real numbers. More precisely, we investigate the necessary and sufficient condition for local asymptotic stability of the unique positive equilibrium point of this system. Some numerical examples are given to verify our theoretical results.

L. Hahn, and LD. Nunes, and LF. Câmara, and LS. Machado, and D. Abolis, and LCC. Fries, and EG. Martins, and D. Garrone-Neto

Francisco S. Álvarez, and Wilfredo A. Matamoros, and Francisco A. Chicas

ABSTRACT The ichthyofauna of the Río Acahuapa was analyzed sampling 17 sites that included the basin main channel and its tributaries. Fish were collected using dip-nets, seine-nets and electrofishing. Fish standard length and species abundance were recorded. Species origin and salinity tolerance criteria were used to classify fish species. Water physicochemical variables, habitat structure and sampling sites elevation were recorded. A total of 33 fish species were registered, 12.1% are primary,...

A. Maddahian, and M. Togha, and S. Sahranavard, and S.M. Riahi, and S. Dehghan, and M. Movahhed

Background and objectives: Migraine is the seventh most common cause of disability among all ailments according to the World Health Organization. Despite the availability of some medicines for prevention of migraine, their complications are a cause for concern. Traditional system of medicine and use of medicinal herbs can be beneficial in management of migraine. “Gol-e-ghand” is one of the most commonly prescribed products for the management of headaches in the Iranian traditional medicine. The ...

Hae-Young Kim

Özgür Özgüç

Cracks occurred in main deck structure around openings due to pipe penetrations, deckhouses and supports for various equipments have created a major problem and mainly related to the vessels with made of high strength steel material in deck and most frequently found on oil tankers used by buoy loading. This paper will show typical cracks and give guidance on modifications of existing details and examples of good design, where the examples of defects are used from Classification Societies’ feedba...

Ljubojević Dragana, and Ćirković M., and Miščević Mirjana

Uncontrolled use of antibiotics in aquaculture caused the appearance and spreading of pathogens resistance to antibiotics, what consequently drove up to the necesity of finding new technologies for protecting aquatic organisms from pathogens. Probiotics are aimed to reduce antibiotics application, and furthermore they have an important role not only in disease prevention but also in efficiency of food utilization and improvement of production parameters. Carp fish species are e...

E. Benedito, and L. Figueroa, and A.M Takeda, and GI. Manetta

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Oreochromis niloticus cage culture promoted variations in the δ13C and δ15N in Corbicula fluminea (Mollusca; Bivalvia) and in the sediment of an aquatic food web. Samples were taken before and after net cage installation in the Rosana Reservoir (Paranapanema River, PR-SP). Samples of specimens of the bivalve filterer C. fluminea and samples of sediment were collected using a modified Petersen grab. All samples were dried in an oven (60 °C...

Jeetesh V Patel, and Sandeep Gupta, and Frank Lie, and Elizabeth A Hughes

Jeetesh V Patel1, Sandeep Gupta2, Frank Lie3, Elizabeth A Hughes11Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, West Bromwich, UK; 2Whipps Cross and St Bartholomew&rsquo;s Hospitals; and 3Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UKBackground: Rates of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality are 40% higher amongst South Asian men and women living in the UK compared with the general UK population. Despite an established excess CHD risk, little is known of the efficacy and safety of 3-hydroxy-3...

Katia Setsuko KIMURA, and Maria Luiza Rodrigues de SOUZA, and Eliane GASPARINO, and Jane Martha Graton MIKCHA, and Ana Paula Sartorio CHAMBÓ, and Rafaela VERDI, and Melina Franco CORADINI, and Diego Rodrigues MARQUES, and Andresa FEIHRMANN, and Elenice Souza dos Reis GOES

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a lasagna pasta enriched with dried mix of tuna (30%) and tilapia (70%) and formulate ready lasagna with enriched pasta. Lasagna pasta was elaborated with increasing levels (0, 5, 10 and 15%) of dried mix. Moisture, lipids and calories were not different between the inclusion levels; crude protein and ash increased linearly, carbohydrates reduced linearly, according to increasing levels of inclusion. There was an increase in n-3 and n-6 fatty acids w...

Volodymyr Ivanov, and Viktor Stabnikov

Natural formation of the coral reefs is complicated by slow biomediated precipitation of calcium carbonate from seawater. Therefore, manufactured artificial coral reefs can be used for the formation of “underwater gardens” in marine parks for the recreational fishing and diving that will protect natural coral reefs from negative anthropogenic effects. Additionally, the coating of the concrete, plastic or wooden surfaces of artificial coral reef with calcium carbonate layer could promote attachme...

M.I. Lamas, and C.G. Rodríguez, and J.D. Rodríguez, and J. Telmo

Taking into account the increasingly stringent legislation on emissions from marine engines, this work aims to analyze several internal engine modifications to reduce NOx (nitrogen oxides) and other pollutants. To this end, a numerical model was employed to simulate the operation cycle and characterize the exhaust gas composition. After a preliminary validation process was carried out using experimental data from a four-stroke, medium-speed marine engine, the numerical model was employed to stud...

C. J. O'Brien, and J. A. Peloquin, and M. Vogt, and M. Heinle, and N. Gruber, and P. Ajani, and H. Andruleit, and J. Arístegui, and L. Beaufort, and M. Estrada, and D. Karentz, and E. Kopczyńska, and R. Lee, and A. J. Poulton, and T. Pritchard, and C. Widdicombe

Coccolithophores are calcifying marine phytoplankton of the class Prymnesiophyceae. They are considered to play an import role in the global carbon cycle through the production and export of organic carbon and calcite. We have compiled observations of global coccolithophore abundance from several existing databases as well as individual contributions of published and unpublished datasets. We make conservative estimates of carbon biomass using standardised conversion methods and provide estimates...

Kristin Hagan, and Samantha Williams, and Samantha Williams

This paper attempts to empirically investigate perceptions regarding marine biodiversity conservation among different stakeholders of the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve, South Africa. The study’s data was collected by following Q methodology in combination with semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Q methodology combines elements from quantitative and qualitative research traditions, providing researchers with a systematic and rigorous means to study human subjectivities. Primary ...

Joan E. Cartes, and Francesc Maynou, and Domènec Lloris, and Luis Gil de Sola, and Mariano Garcia

A series of 57 (600-750 m) and 32 (1184-1320 m) hauls were compiled to compare data from four trawl types in analyses of the species composition and diversity of deep benthopelagic fish and decapods off the Catalonian coasts (western Mediterranean). Two 1-warp trawls (OTSB-14 and OTMS-25) and two 2-warp trawls (a commercial trawl [CT] and a GOC73) were used, from hauls performed between 1988 and 2007 were compiled. At 600-750 m the OTSB-14 hauls were separated in multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) ...

Marjanneke eDe Jong, and Marjolein eVerhoeven, and Ignace T.C. Hooge, and Anneloes L. Van Baar

Attention capacities underlie everyday functioning from an early age onwards. Little is known about attentional processes at toddler age. A feasible assessment of attention capacities at toddler age is needed to allow further study of attention development. In this study, a test battery is piloted that consists of four tasks which intend to measure the attention systems orienting, alerting, and executive attention: the Utrecht Tasks of Attention in Toddlers using Eye tracking [UTATE]. The UTATE ...

Francisco Alonso Solís-Marín, and Yuri Hooker, and Alfredo Laguarda-Figueras

Enypniastes eximia Théel, 1882 (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) a swimming sea cucumber is reported for the first time from Peru. The species was collected in the Continental rise (563-1,201 m) off Trujillo Department. Reference material has been deposited in the Coleccion Cientifica del Instituto del Mar del Peru (IMARPE), Lima, Peru.

V. N. Stolbunova, and I. A. Stolbunov

Species composition, dominant species and quantitative characteristics of zooplankton in different habitats of the littoral shallow part of the Rybinsk Reservoir were studied at the end of august 2009. In the structure of zooplankton community 75 taxa have been found among which crustaceans are prevailed. The most of them belong to littoral forms. The highest values of abundance and biomass of zooplankton and density accumulation of young fish are recorded in mouth parts of rivers inflowing the ...

Liliane Stedile Matos, and João Otávio dos Santos Silva, and Marcos Alencar Beckmann, and Paula Sueli Andrade Moreira, and André Soares de Oliveira, and Lucélia Nobre Carvalho

In the Teles Pires River watershed, one of the most common techniques currently used by fishermen to catch fish is to provide a food supplement commonly known as “cevas”. The purpose of this study was to compare the chemical composition of fillets from Brycon falcatus that were caught in both the presence and absence of cevas. The fish were sampled monthly and captured in the following conditions: the Tapaiúna River without cevas, the Teles Pires River with one ceva/100 m, the Celeste River with...

Martha Cooper, and John Cooper

Palaemonias alabamae is endemic to subterranean waters in northern Alabama. Its type locality is Shelta Cave, Madison County, and ostensibly conspecifi c shrimps have been found in Bobcat and two other caves. Pollution and other factors may have extirpated the shrimp from the type locality. In Shelta Cave the species is smaller than the shrimp in Bobcat Cave and P. ganteri in Mammoth Cave, Kentucky. Adult female P. alabamae (s.s.) and P. ganteri are larger than males. Female P. alabamae with vis...

Gilberto Silvério da Silva, and Wilson de F. Jardim

<abstract language="eng">In this paper a water quality index is developed to subsidize management actions in the Atibaia River for upon protection of aquatic organisms. This index is composed of two measurable environmental parameters normaly, ammonia and dissolved oxygen, the latter representing the contribution of organic matter. Concentrations of these two variables were normalized on a scale from 0 to 100 and translated into statements of quality (excellent, good, regular, bad and very bad)....

FARES Redouane, and LOUNIS Mourad

This work consists of assessing the degree of pollution caused by wastewater near the gulf of Arzew- Algeria. This study is based on the analysis of the physicochemical parameters, the parameters indicating pollution and the determination of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Fr, Cr, Ni) on seawater samples taken from the site. Four companions of seasonal sampling were carried out during the year 2015. The results obtained show significant values in physicochemical parameters, pollution indicator par...

Vitor Hugo Pomin, and Paulo Antonio De Souza Mourão

Based on considered achievements of the last 25 years, specific combinations of sulfation patterns and glycosylation types have been proved to be key structural players for the anticoagulant activity of certain marine glycans. These conclusions were obtained from comparative and systematic analyses on the structure-anticoagulation relationships of chemically well-defined sulfated polysaccharides of marine invertebrates and red algae. These sulfated polysaccharides are known as sulfated fucans (S...

David Feary

Namkug Ku, and Sol Ha, and Myung-Il Roh

The present study describes the development of control hardware and software for a mobile welding robot. This robot is able to move and perform welding tasks in a double hull structure. The control hardware consists of a main controller and a welding machine controller. Control software consists of four layers. Each layer consists of modules. Suitable combinations of modules enable the control software to perform the required tasks. Control software is developed using C programming under QNX ope...

Sora Yasri, and Viroj Wiwanitkit

No.

Süleyman Balık, and M. Ruşen Ustaoğlu, and Didem Özdemir Mis, and Cem Aygen, and Ayşe Taşdemir, and Ali İlhan

Li-Chung TSAI, and D. Christopher ROGERS, and Lien-Siang CHOU

Large branchiopods face time constraints in reproduction efficiency due to their living in temporary environments. Efficiency on mate locating is especially important for sustaining their populations. Light has been demonstrated as an important factor influencing mating success for anostracans, but detailed information is lacking. Branchinella kugenumaensis tends to aggregate at water surface. We hypothesized that this tendency is related to necessity of light for mating. We observed Branchinell...

K. Gorlach-Lira, and C. Pacheco, and L.C.T. Carvalho, and H.N. Melo Júnior, and M.C. Crispim

This work was carried out to analyse the microbiological parameters of the water quality of a reservoir used for the irrigation and culture of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in floating net cages. The physico-chemical parameters, counts of mesophilic total aerobic bacteria, total and thermotolerant coliforms and fecal streptococci, and the presence of Escherichia coli in samples of water collected in three sites of the reservoir (pre-culture site, culture site, post-culture site) were analysed....

RC Pereira, and MA Vasconcelos

Species of Plocamium are known as prolific sources of halogenated secondary metabolites exhibiting few explored ecological roles. In this study the crude extracts from specimens of P. brasiliensecollected in two distinct places, Enseada do Forno and Praia Rasa, Búzios, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, were evaluated as defense against the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus and the crab Acanthonyx scutiformis. These specimens produce a similar amount of crude extract and also halogenated monoterpene compo...

Aseer Manilal, and Sugathan Sujith, and Joseph Selvin, and George Seghal Kiran, and Chippu Shakir, and Aaron Premnath Lipton

Diverse marine flora and fauna collected from the southwest coast of India was evaluated for its antimicrobial potential against shrimp Vibrio and multiresistant human pathogens. In total, 47 species of various taxa of marine organisms (29 flora and 18 fauna) were screened for antimicrobial activity. The marine flora includes twenty species of seaweeds, two species of mangroves, four species of cyanobacteria and three species of microalgae. The marine fauna comprises three species of porifera, t...

C. D. Nevison, and M. Manizza, and R. F. Keeling, and M. Kahru, and L. Bopp, and J. Dunne, and J. Tiputra, and T. Ilyina, and B. G. Mitchell

The observed seasonal cycles in atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) at a range of mid- to high-latitude surface monitoring sites are compared to those inferred from the output of six Earth system models (ESMs) participating in the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). The simulated air–sea O₂ fluxes are translated into APO seasonal cycles using a matrix method that takes into account atmospheric transport model (ATM) uncertainty among 13 different AT...

Riaan evan der Merwe, and Till eRöthig, and Christian Robert Voolstra, and Michael A. Ochsenkühn, and Sabine eLattemann, and Gary L. Amy

Seawater reverse osmosis desalination concentrate may have chronic/acute impacts on the marine ecosystems in the near-field area of the discharge. Environmental impact of the desalination plant discharge is supposedly site- and volumetric specific, and also depends on the salinity tolerance of the organisms inhabiting the water column in and around a discharge environment. Scientific studies that aim to understand possible impacts of elevated salinity levels are important to assess detrimental e...

Soyeon Kim, and Tobias Banaschewski, and Rosemary Tannock

Background: Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are reported to manifest visual problems (including ophthalmological and color perception, particularly for blue–yellow stimuli), but findings are inconsistent. Accordingly, this study investigated visual function and color perception in adolescents with ADHD using color Visual Evoked Potentials (cVEP), which provides an objective measure of color perception. Method: Thirty-one adolescents (aged 13–18), 16 with a confir...

L. A. Roach, and L. A. Roach, and S. M. Dean, and J. A. Renwick

The simulation of Antarctic sea ice in global climate models often does not agree with observations. In this study, we examine the compactness of sea ice, as well as the regional distribution of sea ice concentration, in climate models from the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) and in satellite observations. We find substantial differences in concentration values between different sets of satellite observations, particularly at high concentrations, requiring careful tre...

Z Mashak, and B Moradi, and B Moradi

Histidine is one of non-protein nitrogen extractives which found in fish such as Salmonidae family (trout is belonged this family).Members of this family has high amounts of Histidine compared to other foods. Some Salmon microbial flora can decarboxylated Histidine to Histamine and this metabolite is a hazard component for human. Evaluation of Histamine levels in Salmon via a fast and accurate method can be useful for decreasing the intensity of these hazards. In this study evaluated psychrophil...

Matthes eKenning, and Steffen eHarzsch

Representatives of at least six crustacean taxa managed to establish a terrestrial life style during their evolutionary history and the Oniscidea (Isopoda) are currently held as the most successfully terrestrialized malacostracan crustaceans. The brain architecture of terrestrial isopods is fairly well understood and studies on this field suggest that the evolutionary transition from sea to land in isopods coincided with a considerable size reduction and functional loss of their first pair of an...

O.P. Gbenebor, and S.O. Adeosun, and G.I. Lawal, and S. Jun, and S.A. Olaleye

The extraction of a structural polysaccharide, α-chitin, from shrimp exoskeleton via chemical means using hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has been done. Concentrations of 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 M for both HCl and NaOH were chosen to evaluate the acetylation degree (DA), crystalline structure and morphology of the chitin. The N-acetyl groups’ content in the structural polysaccharide ranged between 65.6 and 99.4% in decreasing order of both acid and alkali concentrations combination ...

N. Kivekäs, and A. Massling, and H. Grythe, and R. Lange, and V. Rusnak, and S. Carreno, and H. Skov, and E. Swietlicki, and Q. T. Nguyen, and M. Glasius, and A. Kristensson

Particles in the atmosphere are of concern due to their toxic properties and effects on climate. In coastal areas, ship emissions can be a significant anthropogenic source. In this study we investigated the contribution from ship emissions to the total particle number and mass concentrations at a remote location. We studied the particle number concentration (12 to 490 nm in diameter), the mass concentration (12 to 150 nm in diameter) and number and volume size distribution of aerosol particles i...

Carla Edworthy, and Nadine Strydom

Multiple habitats were investigated in a known fish nursery area to further understand habitat partitioning among juveniles in the lower reaches of the warm temperate, permanently open Swartkops Estuary, South Africa. Fishes were collected using a 30-m seine net with a mesh size of 10 mm in sand, mud, creek and vegetated habitat types. Each habitat type was sampled in two locations twice per season from February 2013 to January 2014. Shallow-water creeks and vegetated habitats with coverage of Z...

L. MUSCO, and F. ANDALORO, and B. MIKAC, and S. MIRTO, and T. VEGA FERNADEZ, and F. BADALAMENTI

The new Australian alien seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla, after being established along the Turkish Mediterranean coast in 2006, was recorded in Southern Sicily in 2007. Since then local fishermen claimed support to counteract the effects of entanglement of large amounts of the alien strain wrack in their trammel nets, causing the gear to become ineffective. The further northward and westward spread of the new alien strain is supposed to be limited by winter temperature. We presen...

Andrés Sarmiento Lamus

Article 62 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice establishes that, should a State consider that it has an interest of legal nature which may be affected by the decision in the case, it may be permitted to intervene, being for the Court to decide upon the request. The Court’s latest decisions regarding third-party intervention indicated that the arisen discussions, in the jurisprudence and doctrine, concerning the construction and application of this topic seemed to have disappeare...

Jeffrey A. Crooks, and Andrew L. Chang, and Gregory M. Ruiz

In order to explore biotic attraction to structure, we examined how the amount and arrangement of artificial biotic stalks affected responses of a shrimp, Palaemon macrodactylus, absent other proximate factors such as predation or interspecific competition. In aquaria, we tested the effect of differing densities of both un-branched and branched stalks, where the amount of material in the branched stalk equaled four-times that of the un-branched. The results clearly showed that it was the amount ...

Marlon Danilewitz, and Jacques Bradwejn, and Diana Koszycki

Background: Mindfulness meditation has gained momentum in medical circles for bolstering wellbeing and other facets of professionalism. This study evaluated the feasibility and benefits of a peer-led mindfulness meditation program (MMP) on medical student wellness and professionalism. Method: Pre-clerkship students were recruited and randomized to the 8-week MMP or wait-list. Feasibility outcomes included ease of recruitment, program attendance and homework compliance. Other outcomes included s...

Nancy B. Thompson

Fishery dependent data from various commercial and recreational sampling programs form the basis for characterizing the fishery for dolphinfish (Coryphaenus hippurus) in the waters of the Gulf of Mexico and off the southeastern U.S. coast. Three states in the region have implemented size and bag limits for dolphinfishes, but there are no federal regulations in place at this time. Commercial landings were relatively small in comparison to recreational landings from 1984 through 1996. In 1995 howe...

Mohammad Rohani, and Saeed Razmeh, and Gholam Ali Shahidi, and Maryam Orooji

Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is the most common form of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, it is an autosomal recessive disease due to mutation in PANK 2 on chromosome 20, which causes the accumulation of iron in basal ganglia and production of free radicals that cause degeneration of the cells. Deferiprone is an iron chelator that was used in treatment of thalassemia patients, it can cross the blood-brain barrier and reverse the iron deposition in the bra...

Yasuharu Nagano, and Ayako Higashihara, and Mutsuaki Edama

The purpose of this study was to measure the change in hamstring muscle thickness between contracting and relaxing conditions following a return to sports after a hamstring muscle strain and thereby evaluate muscle function. Six male track and field sprinters participated in this study. All had experienced a prior hamstring strain injury that required a minimum of 2 weeks away from sport participation. Transverse plane scans were performed at the following four points on the affected and unaffec...