M. Barbarella, and M. De Giglio, and L. Panciroli, and N. Greggio

In the phreatic aquifer below the San Vitale pinewood (Ravenna, Italy), natural and anthropogenic land subsidence, the low topography and the artificial drainage system have led to widespread saltwater intrusion. Since changes in the groundwater concentration induce variations in the vegetation properties, recognizable by different spectral bands, a comparison between satellite images, ASTER and Worldview-2, was made using the NDVI. The aim was to identify the portions of pinewood affected by sa...

Christoph A. Rohner, and Anthony J. Richardson, and Fabrice R. A. Jaine, and Michael B. Bennett, and Scarla J. Weeks, and Geremy Cliff, and David P. Robinson, and Katie E. Reeve-Arnold, and Simon J. Pierce

The whale shark Rhincodon typus is an endangered, highly migratory species with a wide, albeit patchy, distribution through tropical oceans. Ten aerial survey flights along the southern Mozambican coast, conducted between 2004–2008, documented a relatively high density of whale sharks along a 200 km stretch of the Inhambane Province, with a pronounced hotspot adjacent to Praia do Tofo. To examine the residency and movement of whale sharks in coastal areas around Praia do Tofo, where they may be ...

Paola V. Silva, and Tomás A. Luppi, and Eduardo D. Spivak, and Klaus Anger

Reproductive traits of an estuarine crab, Neohelice (= Chasmagnathus) granulata (Dana 1851), were compared between individuals living in contrasting habitats (mudflat and saltmarsh) of the same population in the brackish coastal lagoon of Mar Chiquita, Argentina. In both habitats, most measures of egg biomass decreased during embryogenesis, including total dry weight (DW) and organic matter (measured as ash-free dry weight, AFDW) per egg, the contents of ash, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen (per e...

M. Richardson, and G. L. Stephens, and G. L. Stephens

Information content analysis is used to select channels for a marine liquid cloud retrieval using the high-spectral-resolution oxygen A-band instrument on NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2). Desired retrieval properties are cloud optical depth, cloud-top pressure and cloud pressure thickness, which is the geometric thickness expressed in hectopascals. Based on information content criteria we select a micro-window of 75 of the 853 functioning OCO-2 channels spanning 763.5–764.6 nm...

F.N. Vieira, and C.C. Buglione, and J.P.L. Mouriño, and A. Jatobá, and M.L. Martins, and D.D. Schleder, and E.R. Andreatta, and M.A. Barraco, and L.A. Vinatea

The effect of a Lactobacillus plantarum-supplemented diet on shrimp growth, digestive tract bacterial microbiota, survival, and some hemato-immunological parameters after an experimental challenge with Vibrio harveyi was studied. No difference (P>0.05) was observed in shrimp survival (80±6%) and final weight (6.63±0.56g) after 60 days feeding trial. Total bacteria count and Vibrio spp. count in the digestive tract were not diferent (P>0.05) until day 40, but they were lower (P<0.05) in the probi...

E Suguna, and S Ganesh Kumar, and Gautam Roy

Background and Objectives: There is a paucity of information available on acute respiratory infection (ARI) among school children in India. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and certain risk factors associated with ARI among school children. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 397 school children age group of 5-14 years in the seven schools of rural Puducherry, India. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and associated risk factors of ARI were c...

Markos G. Kashiouris, and Miloš Miljković, and Vitaly Herasevich, and Andrew D. Goldberg, and Charles Albrecht, III

Background: There is a gap between the abilities and the everyday applications of Computerized Decision Support Systems (CDSSs). This gap is further exacerbated by the different ‘worlds’ between the software designers and the clinician end-users. Software programmers often lack clinical experience whereas practicing physicians lack skills in design and engineering. Objective: Our primary objective was to evaluate the performance of Metabolic Irregularities Narrowing down Device (MIND) intelligen...

W. R. Hunter, and A. Jamieson, and V. A. I. Huvenne, and U. Witte

The Whittard Canyon is a branching submarine canyon on the Celtic continental margin, which may act as a conduit for sediment and organic matter (OM) transport from the European continental slope to the abyssal sea floor. In situ stable-isotope labelling experiments were conducted in the eastern and western branches of the Whittard Canyon, testing short-term (3–7 days) responses of sediment communities to deposition of nitrogen-rich marine (<i>Thalassiosira weissflogii</i>) and nitrogen-poor ter...

Cornejo Sagástegui, J., and Pérez Pérez, L., and Reyes Avalos, W.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae activated autolyzed yeast, and β-glucans in the diet of male Cryphiops caementarius on total and differential counts of hemocytes. 24 male shrimp captured in the Pativilca River of 7.05 ± 1.09 g and 5.9 ± 0.43 cm were used. The shrimp were kept in individual cultivation systems. Three experimental diets (3 % activated yeast, 3 % autolyzed yeast and 0.6 % β-glucans) and a control diet with six replications were u...

Ho Chao-Pao, and Lin Che-Hao

The present paper deals with the logistic equation having harvesting factor by a new approach. This approach is an attempt to sketch the solutions to the model Rahmani Doust and Saraj (1).

A. Borovoi, and A. Konoshonkin

Glints are bright spots observed in the case of light specular reflectance. They are used mainly for retrieval of the probability density function of wave slopes in the seas. On the other hand, they are useful for studying particulate media like cirrus clouds. In this paper, a general theory applicable for both media is presented.

S. STOYKOV, and S. UZUNOVA

The paper presents results of analysis of 96 macrozoobenthic samples, collected on a seasonal basis in Bourgas Bay and in open-sea areas offshore Cape Emine (Bulgarian Black Sea) in 1996 and 1998. In total 96 taxa were established, distributed in four groups: Polychaeta, Mollusca, Crustacea and “Diversa”. The average density of populations was 1756 ind.m-2 with a predominating abundance of Polychaeta species. The average biomass estimated was 183.02 g.m-2, formed mainly by representatives of Mol...

Allain J. . Barnett, and John M. Anderies

The insights in Governing the Commons have provided foundational ideas for commons research in the past 23 years. However, the cases that Elinor Ostrom analyzed have been exposed to new social, economic, and ecological disturbances. What has happened to these cases since the 1980s? We reevaluated one of Ostrom's case studies, the lobster and groundfishery of Port Lameron, Southwest Nova Scotia (SWNS). Ostrom suggested that the self-governance of this fishery was fragile because the government d...

M. SCIBERRAS, and P.J. SCHEMBRI

An updated list of alien marine species recorded from the Maltese Islands and surrounding waters, compiled from scientific and ‘grey’ literature and from authenticated unpublished reports to the authors, is presented. The listed species are classified in one of four categories as regards establishment status: established, casual, invasive and questionable. Doubtful records are listed as ‘?’. A total of 48 species, including nine dubious ones, are included in the list. Of the accepted records, 64...

G. Young, and G. Young, and P. J. Connolly, and C. Dearden, and C. Dearden, and T. W. Choularton

Large-scale subsidence, associated with high-pressure systems, is often imposed in large-eddy simulation (LES) models to maintain the height of boundary layer (BL) clouds. Previous studies have considered the influence of subsidence on warm liquid clouds in subtropical regions; however, the relationship between subsidence and mixed-phase cloud microphysics has not specifically been studied. For the first time, we investigate how widespread subsidence associated with synoptic-scale meteorol...

Peter K.L. Ng, and Philippe Bouchet

A new species of xanthid crab, <em>Actaea grimaldii</em>, is described from the coral reefs of Papua New Guinea. This species has a distinctive red and white coloration and is closest to <em>Actaea spinosissima </em>Borradaile, 1902, from the Indian Ocean. However, the new species can be distinguished by the arrangement of spines on the carapace, chelipeds and ambulatory legs, and the structure of the male gonopods. <em>Actaea grimaldii</em> sp. nov. has also been confused with <em>A. polyacanth...

Ana eHilário, and Anna eMetaxas, and Sylvie eGaudron, and Kerry eHowell, and Annie eMercier, and Nelia eMestre, and Rebecca E Ross, and Andreas eThurnherr, and Craig eYoung

Population connectivity refers to the exchange of individuals among populations: it affects gene flow, regulates population size and function, and mitigates recovery from natural or anthropogenic disturbances. Many populations in the deep sea are spatially fragmented, and will become more so with increasing resource exploitation. Understanding population connectivity is critical for spatial management. For most benthic species, connectivity is achieved by the planktonic larval stage, and larval ...

Marília Arantes Silva Moreira

The objective of this article is to observe the visions, images and judgments made by the southerner U.S. Navy Commander, Thomas Jefferson Page, through the expedition made in countries of South America, according to his narrative of exploration, “La Plata, The Argentine Confederation and Paraguay (1853-1860)”. Predominantly, it analyses the author’s constructed visions over the Paraguayan President, Carlos Antonio López, besides those of the Argentinean President, Justo José de Urquiza. While P...

Ivan Y. Tang, and Dickson Y. S. Yan, and Irene M. C. Lo, and Tongzhou Liu

This study aimed to maximize the utilization of contaminated marine mud and sediment for beneficial reuse by solidification/stabilization (S/S) treatment with cement and pulverized fuel ash (PFA). For the purposes of waste maximization and enhancing the mechanical property of the S/S mixtures, mixing 75% by mass of either contaminated marine mud or sediment with 20% and 5% of cement and PFA, respectively, was found to be the optimal mix design. Their unconfined compressive strengths reached up ...

K. Geina, and S. Shashlykova, and M. Koziy

Purpose. To analyze sexual dimorphism of the Black Sea sprat Clupeonella cultriventris (Nordmann, 1840) of the Bug lagoon under current conditions. To study the dynamics of changes in mesonephros structure during spawning migration from the estuary to the Southern Bug River. To determine the prospect of using the data of histological monitoring in ichthyological practice for the assessment of fish morphofunctional status. Methodology. Primary materials were obtained during scientific and comm...

Irina Izaguirre, and Julio Lancelotti, and Juan F. Saad, and Sol Porcel, and Inés O´Farrell, and M. Cristina Marinone, and Ignacio Roesler, and María del Carmen Dieguez

Biodiversity loss in shallow lakes is associated to several factors among which water level decrease and fish introduction are indicated as potential stressors. The Patagonian basaltic plateaus, located in one of the most arid regions of South America, hold thousands of shallow lakes and ponds and some large lakes, where vegetated lakes are the prime habitat for waterbirds, including endemic threatened species. We studied 31different lakes at the two main Patagonian plateaus (Strobel and Buenos ...

Tomas Chaigneau, and Katrina Brown

Conservation designations such as protected areas are increasing in numbers around the world, yet it is widely reported that many are failing to reach their objectives. They are frequently promoted as opportunities for win-win outcomes that can both protect biodiversity and lead to economic benefits for affected communities. This win-win view characterizes the dominant discourse surrounding many protected areas. Although this discourse and the arguments derived from it may lead to initial accept...

Vladimír Kukačka, and Lucie Chaloupková, and Milada Fialová, and Radovan Kopp, and Jan Mareš

Effect of addition 6% of linseed oil (designated L06), 6% and 10% of fish oil (R06 and R10) to feed on the fatty acid spectrum of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) was investigated. The basic feedmixture which was used as a control variant (K – 34% protein; 9% fat) and the three with oil addition (L06, R06 and R10) were fed to carp fingerling (43.25 g average weight) for 60 days – from 23rd April to 20th June. Before that the fish were fed for 2 month by whey grain and commercial feed for carp fi...

E. Bahlmann, and I. Weinberg, and J. V. Lavrič, and T. Eckhardt, and W. Michaelis, and R. Santos, and R. Seifert

Coastal zones are important source regions for a variety of trace gases, including halocarbons and sulfur-bearing species. While salt marshes, macroalgae and phytoplankton communities have been intensively studied, little is known about trace gas fluxes in seagrass meadows. Here we report results of a newly developed dynamic flux chamber system that can be deployed in intertidal areas over full tidal cycles allowing for highly time-resolved measurements. The fluxes of CO₂, methane (CH...

Roza Menshova, and Natalia Shevchenko, and Tatiana Imbs, and Tatiana Zvyagintseva, and Olesya Malyarenko, and Tatyana Stanislavovna Zaporoshets, and Natalia Besednova, and Svetlana Ermakova

Brown alga Fucus evanescens, widespread in the Far Eastern seas of Russia, is valuable source of sulfated polysaccharides – fucoidans with beneficial biological activities. The most homogenous fraction of fucoidan from F. evanescens was shown to be molecule containing linear main chain of alternating 2-sulfated 1,3- and 1,4-linked α-L-fucose residues. Few sulfate groups were found in position 4 of some 1,3-linked fucose residues. Acetyl groups occupied free C-3 of 1,4-linked residues and/or the ...

Bowen Xing, and Jin Dai, and Sheng Liu

In this paper, we consider the cybersecurity issue of ship information system (SIS) from a new perspective which is called opacity. For a SIS, its confidential information (named as “secret”) may be leaked through the working behaviors of each Distributed Control Unit (DCU) from an outside observer called an “intruder” which is able to determine ship's mission state by detecting the source of each data flow from the corresponding DCUs in SIS. Therefore we proposed a dual layer mechanism to enfor...

Vikas Sharma, and Vikram K Mahajan, and Karaninder S Mehta, and Pushpinder S Chauhan

Ramesh M Bhat, and Yashaswi Rai, and Amitha Ramesh, and B Nandakishore, and D Sukumar, and Jacintha Martis, and Ganesh H Kamath

Background : Chikungunya fever (CF) epidemic has recently re-emerged in India affecting large population. Mucocutaneous manifestations are an important clinical feature of the disease. We have reviewed mucocutaneous manifestations of the disease during a recent epidemic in coastal Karnataka. Patients and Methods Seventy-five "suspect cases" of CF with dermatological manifestations were examined. Results : We categorized the mucocutaneous manifestation into six groups: 1. skin rash, 2. apthae lik...

Adriana Fernandes de Barros, and Maria Inez Espagnoli Geraldo Martins

Performance and economic indicators of a large scale fish farm that produces round fish, located in Mato Grosso State, Brazil, were evaluated. The 130.8 ha-water surface area was distributed in 30 ponds. Average total production costs and the following economic indicators were calculated: gross income (GI), gross margin (GM), gross margin index (GMI), profitability index (PI) and profit (P) for the farm as a whole and for ten ponds individually. Production performance indicators were also obtain...

W. N. Meier, and J. Stroeve, and A. Barrett, and F. Fetterer

Observations from passive microwave satellite sensors have provided a continuous and consistent record of sea ice extent since late 1978. Earlier records, compiled from ice charts and other sources exist, but are not consistent with the satellite record. Here, a method is presented to adjust a compilation of pre-satellite sources to remove discontinuities between the two periods and create a more consistent combined 59-yr time series spanning 1953–2011. This adjusted combined time series shows m...

Józef E. Mojski

This article discusses the formation and evolution of the coastal zone of the southern Baltic from the decay of the last Scandinavian ice-sheet, which took place some 14 ka BP. During the first 4 ka, the shores of the then southern Baltic basins were shaped under the dominant influence of considerable variations in water level and the young, post-glacial topography emerging from under the ice. Later, until the beginning of the Atlantic transgression, the shores were also unstable, because...

Jonathan P. Moores, and Sharleen Yalden, and Jennifer B. Gadd, and Annette Semadeni-Davies

Urban aquatic social-ecological systems (SESs) comprise socio-technical elements, the built environment and its management, and natural elements (water bodies) that provide ecosystem services. Changed hydrology, poor stormwater quality, and the modification of water bodies associated with urban development brings challenges for maintaining ecosystem services provision in an urban aquatic SES. Water sensitive urban design (WSUD) has emerged as a form of development that aims to better support the...

Adilson Ferreira Silva, and Claudinei da Cruz, and Nathalia Garlich, and Wilson Roberto Cerveira Junior, and Robinson Antonio Pitelli

The aim of this research was to evaluate the feasibility for the use of the organisms Lemna minor, Azolla caroliniana, Hyphessobrycon eques, Pomacea canaliculata and Daphnia magna as exposure bioindicators for ethanol (lethal and effective concentration 50% - LC50(I)/EC50(I)). Thus, the following concentrations were used 5.0; 10.0; 20.0; 30.0; 40.0 and 50.0 mg L-1 ethanol on L. minor; 25.0; 50.0; 75.0; 100.0; 150.0 and 200.0 mg L-1 on A. caroliniana; 0.3; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 3.0 mg L-1 on H. eques...

Mohamed Youssef

The distribution of benthic foraminifera was studied in two stations in the coastal area, located around Jeddah, Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia. Thirty-three species belonging to 15 genera, 14 families and three suborders were recorded in twenty samples. Some foraminiferal tests display abnormalities in their coiling, general shape of chambers and apertures. On the other hand, concentrations of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cr, and Cd were measured in the tests of the two most common living species of be...

Pierluigi Piras, and Roberta Orletti, and Giannina Chessa, and Cristiano Carloni, and Francesco Griffoni, and Paolo Palombo, and Francesco Velieri

The Boi Cerbus lagoon, facing a mining and industrial site in Sardinia (Italy), is an important fishing area for the local population. Previous studies showed high concentrations of total arsenic (As_tot) in fish, molluscs and crustaceans sampled in the lagoon, and a possible exceeding of the provisional tolerable weekly intake set by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives by some local consumer groups. However, the percentage of inorganic As (As_inorg) should b...

K. Metfies, and F. Schroeder, and J. Hessel, and J. Wollschläger, and S. Micheller, and C. Wolf, and E. Kilias, and P. Sprong, and S. Neuhaus, and S. Frickenhaus, and W. Petersen

Information on recent biomass distribution and biogeography of photosynthetic marine protists with adequate temporal and spatial resolution is urgently needed to better understand the consequences of environmental change for marine ecosystems. Here we introduce and review a molecular-based observation strategy for high-resolution assessment of these protists in space and time. It is the result of extensive technology developments, adaptations and evaluations which are documented in a number of d...

Francisco Sardà, and Nixon Bahamon, and Balbina Molí, and Francesc Sardà-Palomera

In order to improve the capacity of bottom trawl fishing gears to reduce catches of young fish and discards in a highly exploited demersal trawl fisheries in the Mediterranean, the size-selection performance of a 36-mm square-mesh codend and two sorting grids with 20 and 15 mm bar spacing was assessed. Alternate hauls were used to assess the selectivity of 36-mm square-mesh codend. Selectivity of sorting grids was assessed using a double codend in which fish that escaped through the grid were ca...

N. Melia, and K. Haines, and E. Hawkins

Projections of Arctic sea ice thickness (SIT) have the potential to inform stakeholders about accessibility to the region, but are currently rather uncertain. The latest suite of CMIP5 global climate models (GCMs) produce a wide range of simulated SIT in the historical period (1979–2014) and exhibit various biases when compared with the Pan-Arctic Ice–Ocean Modelling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS) sea ice reanalysis. We present a new method to constrain such GCM simulations of SIT via a statis...

Qian Cong, and Nick Grishin

Hermeuptychia intricata Grishin, sp. n. is described from the Brazos Bend State Park in Texas, United States, where it flies synchronously with Hermeuptychia sosybius (Fabricius, 1793). The two species differ strongly in both male and female genitalia and exhibit 3.5% difference in the COI barcode sequence of mitochondrial DNA. Setting such significant genitalic and genotypic differences aside, we were not able to find reliable wing pattern characters to tell a difference between the two species...

Maike Linden, and Katrin Helmbold, and Janina Kempf, and Shabnam Sippas, and Christian Filss, and Karl-Josef Langen, and Albrecht Eisert, and Florian Daniel Zepf

Background: Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) is a well-established dietary method in translational brain research used to briefly lower central nervous serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) synthesis. A simplified two amino acid ATD formula (ATDPHE/LEU) was developed while reducing the overall amount of amino acids (AAs), with the objective of administration especially in children and adolescents in future studies. Objective: This study investigated tryptophan (TRP) influx rates across the bloo...

D.C. Tavares, and S. Siciliano

This paper presents the list of non-passerine birds of coastal environments of the Quissama municipality, northern Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. The surveys were conducted monthly between June 2011 and May 2012. Additional ad libitum observations were made between February 2008 and July 2012. We recorded 76 waterbird species of 15 families, of which Scolopacidae was the most representative, with 15 species. The high Nearctic shorebird species richness observed in coastal lagoons ...

Aram Bayetgol, and Asadollah Mahboubi, and Reza Moussavi Harami

Carbonate deposits of members 1 to 2 of the Mila Group (Middle Cambrian) in Central Alborz that call Deh-Sufiyan Formation in this research, were studied in Shahmirzad, Tueh-Darvar, Mila-Kuh and Deh-Molla sections. These sediments were deposited in four facies belts on a carbonate ramp including basinal environments, outer ramp (deep subtidal sequences), mid ramp (shallow subtidal to lower intertidal sequences), and inner ramp (shoal and upper intertidal to supratidal sequences). Various microb...

Ennio Cocca, and Agnese Petraccioli, and Maria Alessandra Morescalchi, and Gaetano Odierna, and Teresa Capriglione

Microdissection, DOP-PCR amplification and microcloning were used to study the large Y chromosome of Chionodraco hamatus, an Antarctic fish belonging to the Notothenioidei, the dominant component of the Southern Ocean fauna. The species has evolved a multiple sex chromosome system with digametic males showing an X1YX2 karyotype and females an X1X1X2X2 karyotype. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, performed with a painting probe made from microdissected Y chromosomes, allowed a deeper insight on...

N. F. Ishikawa, and M. Yamane, and H. Suga, and N. O. Ogawa, and Y. Yokoyama, and N. Ohkouchi

Periphytic algae attached to a streambed substrate (periphyton) are an important primary producer in stream ecosystems. We determined the isotopic composition of chlorophyll <i>a</i> in periphyton collected from a stream flowing on limestone bedrock in the Seri River, central Japan. Stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) and natural radiocarbon abundances (Δ¹⁴C) were measured in chlorophyll <i>a</i> (δ¹³C_chl, δ<sup>15</su...

Chris Knight, and Scott McGarry, and Jennifer Hayward, and Peter Osman, and Sam Behrens

The requirement to move away from carbon based fossil fuels has led to a renewed interest in unconventional energy sources. Of interest in this article are ocean waves and current and tidal flows. This paper reviews the numerous options for ocean energy conversion systems that are currently available. A basic nomenclature for the variety of systems is utilized to classify the devices. A variety of issues including competing use, boating, fishing, commercial shipping and tourism are discussed wit...

Bazyli Czeczuga, and Lucyna Woronowicz

In tnę present work the results of investigations of the fungal parasites of algae in various types of water bodies (slough, ponds. lakes and river) in North-Eastern Poland with reference to the chemical environment are presented.

Ágnes Irma György, and Vinzenz Bammer, and Michael Schabuss, and Luchezar Pehlivanov

In large rivers, such as the Danube, standardized and representative sampling of fish is still problematic. Until now, night time shoreline electrofishing proved to be the most comprehensive fish assessment method, however, it is not suitable for detecting sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), the only native sturgeon species still present in the upper and middle Danube. Besides, other rather rare native bottom dwelling fish species (e.g. Zingel streber) are also usually underrepresented in shoreline ca...

Mercedes Masó, and José Manuel Fortuño, and Silvia de Juan, and Montserrat Demestre

The present study used scanning electron microscopy to characterize the organisms colonizing marine plastic debris collected from pelagic and benthic habitats across Mediterranean coastal waters of Greece, Italy and Spain. A total of 42 fragments of plastic were collected during the COMSOM experimental cruise, 16 from the seafloor and 26 from surface waters. The results showed that diatoms were the most abundant organisms on both pelagic and benthic plastics. The diatom Ceratoneis closterium, fr...

Oscar eSerrano, and Oscar eSerrano, and Oscar eSerrano, and Paul S Lavery, and Paul S Lavery, and Lourdes eLópez-Merino, and Enric eBallesteros, and Miguel Angel eMateo, and Miguel Angel eMateo

Seagrasses of the genus Posidonia can form an irregular seascape due to erosional processes exposing thick walls of organic matter-rich soils. However, little is known about the location and characteristics of these particular formations. Here we provide comprehensive estimates of organic carbon (Corg) storage in P. oceanica and P. australis meadows, while providing insight into their location and mechanisms of formation, and highlighting future research directions. Erosional reef escarpments ar...

Oskar Ljungquist, and Ditte Ljungquist, and Mattias Myrenås, and Cecilia Rydén, and Maria Finn, and Björn Bengtsson

Background: Extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (ESCRE) are an increasing healthcare problem in both human and veterinary medicine. The spread of ESCRE is complex with multiple reservoirs and different transmission routes. The aim of this study was to investigate if ESCRE carriage in dogs is more prevalent in households with a known human carrier, compared to households where humans are known to be negative for ESCRE. Identical ESCRE strains in humans and dogs of the sam...