A. ZENETOS, and M.E. CINAR, and M.A. PANCUCCI-PAPADOPOULOU, and J.G. HARMELIN, and G. FURNARI, and F. ANDALORO, and N. BELLOU, and N. STREFTARIS, and H. ZIBROWIUS

This collaborative effort by many specialists across the Mediterranean presents an updated annotated list of alien marine species in the Mediterranean Sea. Alien species have been grouped into six broad categories namely established, casual, questionable, cryptogenic, excluded and invasive, and presented in lists of major ecofunctional/taxonomic groups. The establishment success within each group is provided while the questionable and excluded records are commented in brief. A total of 963 alien...

U. Riebesell, and K. Gao, and Y. Wu

CO₂/pH perturbation experiments were carried out under two different <i>p</i>CO₂ levels (39.3 and 101.3 Pa) to evaluate effects of CO₂-induced ocean acidification on the marine diatom <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum.</i> After acclimation (>20 generations) to ambient and elevated CO₂ conditions (with corresponding pH values of 8.15 and 7.80, respectively), growth and photosynthetic carbon fixation rates of high CO₂ grown cells were enhanced by ...

André Lincoln Barroso de Magalhães, and Claudia Maria Jacobi

The availability of freshwater aquarium fish species for sale was surveyed from July 2005 to June 2006 in Brazilian electronic commerce and the Orkut website. São Paulo was the leading state regarding virtual shops, auctions on Arremate/Mercado Livre, and hobbyists on Orkut, with 52, 44 and 46%, respectively. The Southeast and Southregions led the offer of pest species such as C. carpio, C. auratus and P. reticulata. Among the 07 species for sale, 14 species considered potential pests were ident...

Leila Cardoso Teruya, and Karin Zazo Ortiz, and Thaís Soares Cianciarullo Minett

The present study aimed to assess the performance of healthy Brazilian adults on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), a test devised for assessing memory, and to investigate the influence of the variables age, sex and education on the performance obtained, and finally to suggest scores which may be adopted for assessing memory with this instrument. The performance of 130 individuals, subdivided into groups according to age and education, was assessed. Overall performance decreased with...

Mayra Lizett González-Félix, and Martin Perez-Velazquez, and Josafat Marina Ezquerra-Brauer, and Lorena Bringas-Alvarado, and Anabel Sánchez-Sánchez, and Wilfrido Torres-Arreola

The marine bioprocessing industry offers great potential to utilize byproducts for fish meal replacement in aquafeeds. Jumbo squid is an important fishery commodity in Mexico, but only the mantle is marketed. Head, fins, guts and tentacles are discarded in spite of being protein-rich byproducts. This study evaluated the use of two jumbo squid byproduct hydrolysates obtained by acid-enzymatic hydrolysis (AEH) and by autohydrolysis (AH) as ingredients in practical diets for shrimp. The hydrolysate...

Jawad, L. A, and Al–Mukhtar, M, and Faddagh, M. S.

Two specimens (116,119 mm TL) of Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and four specimens (171–190 mm TL) of Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål, 1775) were collected from Iraqi marine waters of the Arabian Gulf. These findings confirm the presence of H. acuminatus and establish the first record of P. maculosus from Iraqi waters. The samples were captured by hook and line off the coasts of Al–Fao City Peninsula, southern Iraq. Arabian Gulf. morphometric and meristic data are provided and compared wi...

Maria Luise Koening, and Cynthia Gomes de Lira

Este trabalho apresenta as espécies e distribuição do gênero Ceratium no Estado de Pernambuco. As amostras foram coletadas pelo navio de pesquisas Victor Hensen durante a prospecção do JOPS II-5 no período de 25/fevereiro a 3/março/1995. Foram analisados sete perfis perpendiculares à costa, de 50 milhas de distância cada, totalizando 34 estações, distantes 10 milhas umas das outras, sendo 14 estações na região nerítica e 20 na oceânica. As amostras foram coletadas com rede tipo bongo, com abertu...

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A. Bozbiyik, and M. Steinacher, and F. Joos, and T. F. Stocker, and L. Menviel

CO₂ and carbon cycle changes in the land, ocean and atmosphere are investigated using the comprehensive carbon cycle-climate model NCAR CSM1.4-carbon. Ensemble simulations are forced with freshwater perturbations applied at the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean deep water formation sites under pre-industrial climate conditions. As a result, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation reduces in each experiment to varying degrees. The physical climate fields show changes qualitativ...

A Samir, and N Gandreti, and M Madhere, and A Khan, and M Brown, and V Loomba

Introduction: Propofol has been suggested as a useful adjunct to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) because of its potential protective effect on the heart mediated by a decrease in ischemia-reperfusion injury and inflammation at clinically relevant concentrations. In view of these potentially protective properties, which modulate many of the deleterious mechanism of inflammation attributable to reperfusion injury and CPB, we sought to determine whether starting a low dose of propofol infusion at the ...

Adriana Oliveira Bordalo, and Candido Augusto Veloso Moura, and Thomas Scheller

<abstract language="eng">Analytical procedures used for determining the concentrations and isotope composition of strontium in subsurface waters, by mass spectrometry, are described. Sampling was performed in coastal plateaus, salt marsh and mangrove environments in the coastal region of Pará. Coastal plateau waters have delta87Sr between 1.51 and 6.26‰ and Sr concentration bellow 58 ppb. Salt marsh waters show delta87Sr between 0.55 and 0.90‰ and Sr concentration between 93 and 114 ppm, while m...

Guadalupe Miroslava Suárez-Jiménez, and Rosario Maribel Robles-Sánches, and Glória Yépiz-Plascencia, and Armando Burgos-Hernández, and Josafat Marina Ezquerra-Brauer

AbstractHydrolysates from two different jumbo squid byproducts (fins and arms), produced by trypsin and protease type XIV were compared on the basis of their antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays), antimutagenic (Ames test) and antiproliferative (Transformation cell proliferation in M12.C3F6 murine cells) activities. Jumbo squid arms had higher content of collagen than fins, and their hydrolysates had the highest antioxidant activity. Also, jumbo squid arm-derived collagen hydroly...

Huai-dong Zhou, and Cui-ling Jiang, and Li-qin Zhu, and Xin-wei Wang, and Xiao-qin Hu, and Jun-yu Cheng, and Ming-hua Xie

With the rapid development of aquaculture in lakes and reservoirs, its negative effects on water quality and aquatic organisms are clearly emerging. Toward a better understanding of these effects, chemical and biological monitoring was conducted in the Fangbian Reservoir to study the relationship between aquaculture and eutrophication. As a domestic water supply source, this reservoir has reached the mesotrophic level. The concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the Fa...

Maria Corsini-Foka

The marine region of the Dodecanese Islands (Greece) is heavily affected by climate changes, intensification of anthropogenic interferences and biological invasions. Its ichthyofauna diversity is still poorly known, despite the development of marine research during the last decades, both in shallow and deep waters, and the increasing interest of fishermen to biodiversity knowledge and conservation. Regardless of its oligotrophic character, with only 1-3 % of the total Greek fishery production (E...

X. Yang, and V. Neděla, and J. Runštuk, and G. Ondrušková, and J. Krausko, and Ľ. Vetráková, and D. Heger

An environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) was used for the first time to obtain well-resolved images, in both temporal and spatial dimensions, of lab-prepared frost flowers (FFs) under evaporation within the chamber temperature range from −5 to −18 °C and pressures above 500 Pa. Our scanning shows temperature-dependent NaCl speciation: the brine covering the ice was observed at all conditions, whereas the NaCl crystals were formed at temperatures below −10 °C as the brine oversaturat...

Christoph D. Schubart

A single adult male specimen of the East Asian crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus (de Haan, 1835) was collected in August 2001 in the northern Adriatic Sea along the northwest coast of the peninsula of Istra. This is the first record of this genus and species from the Mediterranean Sea. Previously, Hemigrapsus sanguineus had been reported to invade the Atlantic coasts of North America and of western France, while the congeneric East Asian species, Hemigrapsus penicillatus (de Haan, 1835), has establish...

J. Alcántara-Carrió, and I. Alonso

Wind characteristics and availability of airborne sediments control aeolian dynamics. Availability of sediments has been only estimated from dune dimensions. Nevertheless, this method is not valid in serir (stone dessert) and sand sheets deposits, where surface properties better than volume of materials define their sediment availability. The area chosen for this study is the Isthmus of Jandía (Fuerteventura, Canary Islands), which presents a high diversity of present day aeolian environments. G...

Hui-Wen Lin, and Cheng-Wei Liu, and Deng-Jye Yang, and Ching-Chung Chen, and Shih-Yin Chen, and Jung-Kai Tseng, and Tien-Jye Chang, and Yuan-Yen Chang

Recent investigations have demonstrated that carotenoid extract of Dunaliella salina alga (Alga) contains abundant β-carotene and has good anti-inflammatory activities. Murine macrophage (RAW264.7 cells) was used to establish as an in vitro model of pseudorabies virus-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) response. In this study, antioxidant activities of Alga were measured based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assays, reducing p...

Basem E. Tawfik, and Heba Leheta, and Ahmed Elhewy, and Tarek Elsayed

The application of composites as an alternative material for marine steel hatch covers is the subject of this study. Two separate approaches are considered; weight reduction approach and strengthening approach. For both approaches Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was performed using ANSYS software. Critical design parameters of the composite hatch cover and FEA are discussed in details. Regarding the weight reduction approach; steel hatch covers of a bulk carrier were replaced by composite covers a...

Ali Maleki, and Hamidreza Roohafza, and Negin Rashidi, and Farshid Alyari, and Reza Ghanavati, and Saeed Forughi, and Behjat Nabatchi, and Maria Torkashvand

<p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Bleeding time test is used to assess the function of platelets in human body. The aim of this project was thus to estimate the sample size required to determine the normal range of bleeding time (BT) in Borujerd (a city in Iran). A pilot study was designed to determine the range of normal BT in a small group of normal people. The total sample size for the next study was then calculated according to the results.</p> <p...

Jérôme P. Payet, and Jérôme P. Payet, and Ryan eMcMinds, and Deron eBurkepile, and Rebecca eVega Thurber

Despite nutrient-depleted conditions, coral reef waters harbor abundant and diverse microbes; as major agents of microbial mortality, viruses are likely to influence microbial processes in these ecosystems. However, little is known about marine viruses in these rapidly changing ecosystems. Here we examined spatial and short-term temporal variability in marine viral abundance and viral lytic activity across various reef habitats surrounding Moorea Island (French Polynesia) in the South Pacific. W...

Hanan Abd-Elnaby, and Gehan Abo-Elala, and Usama Abdel-Raouf, and Abeer Abd-elwahab, and Moaz Hamed

A total of 17 actinomycetes were isolated and screened against five bacterial pathogens. Forty-one per cent of the isolates were active against the tested pathogens. The most potent isolate was identified as Streptomyces parvus by using a 16S rRNA sequence analysis. S. parvus produced active compound(s) against a number of Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. The obtained inhibition zones were 14, 19, 20 and 20 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and A...

Dedi Jusadi, and Syarifah Ruchyani, and Ing Mokoginta, and Julie Ekasari

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p><br />The objective of the present experiment was to study the most optimum taurine enrichment concentration of rotifers in improving Pacific white shrimp larva Litopenaeus vannamei survival and development. White shrimp larvae at sixth naupliar stage were reared in 12 units of 500 L fibre glass tanks with a stocking density of 125 ind/L. Starting from zoea two stage (Z-2), the larva was provided with rotifers with different taurine enrichment concentration according to the tre...

S. Salehi Borban, and M. Gharachorloo, and F. Zamani

Heavy metal pollution in marine environments and the potential for bioaccumulation of contaminants have been considered as a serious threat for a long time. These contaminants accumulate in fish body and then transferred through the food chain to humans. The aim of this study was to determine the heavy metals cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury and copper and iron metals in muscle and fish oil (Rutilus frisii kutum ،Clupeonella cultriventris ،Liza saliens). Three samples of Rutilus frisii kutum ،Clu...

Stéphan Jacquet, and Takeshi Miki, and Rachel Noble, and Peter Peduzzi, and Steven Wilhelm

Over the last two decades, viruses in aquatic systems have been observed to modify, influence and control aquatic systems. Since the determination decades ago that viruses were abundant in aquatic ecosystems, researchers have demonstrated that viruses are pervasive and dynamic across the expanse and depth of all aquatic systems as well as at the water-sediment interface. There have been a wide range of methodological advancements during this time. To date, aquatic viruses have been suggested to ...

D. L. Bondarev

Status of groups of coastal fish in water bodies ofthenaturereserve, anddynamicsoftheirquantitativeandqualitativeparameters isconsidered. Responses of fish communities to changes occurring in floodplain lakes were recorded,with thedeterminationoftheirunderlyingfactors, andmeasuresonmaintaininghomeostasis of this group of aquatic organisms and optimizationoftheirrecoveryandreproductionarerecommended.

Vanessa Stelzenmüller, and Siegfried Ehrich, and Gerd Peter Zauke

Geostatistical tools have been used to study the impact of additional small scale catch data (star survey design) on the spatial analysis of fish, regarding different biological groups of dab, Limanda limanda and whiting, Merlangius merlangus. A standard survey carried out in January (2001-2003) in a meso-scale area in the German Bight was modified by additional small-scale sampling in 2002 and 2003. Adopting the star survey reduced the small-scale variability for medium-sized and male dab, as i...

Lidia Fuentes, and Francisco Javier Sánchez, and María Jesús Lago, and José Iglesias, and Gema Pazos, and Fatima Linares

During one month, paralarvae of common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) were fed 3 different diets: (1) Artemia sp. enriched with Isochrysis galbana (AI) complemented with sand eel (Hyperoplus lanceolatus) flakes (AH); (2) Artemia sp. enriched with crushed marine zooplankton (AZ); and (3) Artemia sp. cultured with Isochrysis galbana and further enriched with the microalga Nannochloropsis sp. (AN). The highest dry weight (1.6179±0.3861 mg) was registered with the AN diet and the best average survival (...

P. G. Posey, and E. J. Metzger, and A. J. Wallcraft, and D. A. Hebert, and R. A. Allard, and O. M. Smedstad, and M. W. Phelps, and F. Fetterer, and J. S. Stewart, and W. N. Meier, and S. R. Helfrich

This study presents the improvement in ice edge error within the US Navy's operational sea ice forecast systems gained by assimilating high horizontal resolution satellite-derived ice concentration products. Since the late 1980's, the ice forecast systems have assimilated near real-time sea ice concentration derived from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSMI and then SSMIS). The resolution of the satellite-derived product was approximately the ...

Bazyli Czeczuga, and Halina Chomutowska, and Lucyna Woronowicz

The folowing fungi unknown from Poland were found in Łuknajno Like: Allomyces arbuscula, Myzocytium microsporum and Rhipidium americanum.

Rasa Slizyte, and Katariina Rommi, and Revilija Mozuraityte, and Peter Eck, and Kathrine Five, and Turid Rustad

Bioactivities of bulk fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) from defatted salmon backbones obtained with eight different commercial enzymes and their combinations were tested. All FPH showed antioxidative activity in vitro. DPPH scavenging activity increased, while iron chelating ability decreased with increasing time of hydrolysis. All FPH showed ACE inhibiting effect which depended on type of enzyme and increased with time of hydrolysis. The highest effect was found for FPH produced with Trypsin. Br...

Marco A Liñán-Cabello, and Laura A Flores-Ramírez, and José Francisco Cobo-Díaz, and Tania Zenteno- Savin, and Norma O Olguín-Monroy, and Aramís Olivos-Ortiz, and Adrián Tintos-Gómez

Coral reefs are impacted by a range of environmental variables that affect their growth and survival, the main factors being the high irradiance and temperature fluctuations. Specimens of Pocillopora capitata Verrill 1864 were exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) for 32h under laboratory conditions. We examined lipid peroxidation (MDA), antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GPx and GST), chlorophyll a (Chl a), carotenoid pigments (CPs), mycospor...

Vidyalakshmi K, and Shrikala B, and Bharathi B, and Suchitra U

Clinico-microbiological analysis of a series of 25 patients with culture proven melioidosis was done. All patients came from the coastal regions of Kerala and Karnataka and presented between June 2005 to July 2006. They were analysed with respect to clinical presentation, occupation, epidemiology and microbiological features. No single presenting clinical feature was found to be typical of melioidosis. The disease was found to mimic a variety of conditions, including tuberculosis and malignancy....

Cesar Hernández-Barraza, and Jorge Loredo, and Jorge Adame, and Kevin M Fitzsimmons

The present study was carried out at the Environmental Research Laboratory (ERL), University of Arizona, to assess the effect of the addition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), at different densities, on the growth performance of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The growth rate and feed conversion of shrimp, both in polyculture and monoculture, were evaluated. Shrimp-tilapia proportions were 20:8 individuals in Treatment One (T1), 20:4 individuals in Treatment Two (T2) and 20:2...

G. H. Gudmundsson

Ice-shelf buttressing and the stability of marine-type ice sheets are investigated numerically. Buttressing effects are analysed for a situation where a stable grounding line is located on a bed sloping upwards in the direction of flow. Such grounding-line positions are known to be unconditionally unstable in the absence of transverse flow variations. It is shown that ice-shelf buttressing can restore stability under these conditions. Ice flux at the grounding line is, in general, not a monotoni...

Renata A Costa, and Giselle C Silva, and Jackson R. O Peixoto, and Gustavo H. F Vieira, and Regine H. S. F Vieira

Vibrios were quantified and their distribution determined for the estuary of the Coreaú river, in Northeastern Brazil, based on 24 water samples collected between June and October 2005. The most probable number of vibrios per 100 mL ranged from 230 x 10³ to 240 x 10(11). The pH value was the environmental factor most strongly associated with the abundance of vibrios. Sixty-two vibrio strains were isolated belonging to 15 species (6 of which observed in June-September and 8 in October). The most ...

Lucas C. Pereyra , and Silvio M. Pereira, and Juliana P. Souza, and Marco A. C. Frade, and Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, and Paulo M. Azevedo-Marques

We present color image processing methods for the char\-ac\-te\-ri\-za\-tion of images of dermatological lesions for the purpose of content-based image retrieval (CBIR) and computer-aided di\-ag\-no\-sis. The intended application is to segment the images and perform classification and analysis of the tissue composition of skin lesions or ulcers, in terms of granulation (red), fibrin (yel\-low), necrotic (black), callous (white), and mixed tissue composition. The images were analyzed and classifi...

Rodrigo César Rosa, and Patrícia Silva, and Maurício José Falcai, and Antônio Carlos Shimano, and Helton Luiz Aparecido Defino

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a influência do macheamento do orifício piloto na resistência ao arrancamento e no torque de inserção dos parafusos pediculares com alma cônica. MÉTODOS: Ensaios mecânicos de arrancamento em máquina universal de ensaios foram realizados com parafusos pediculares com alma cônica inseridos nos pedículos da quinta vértebra lombar de vitelo. As medidas do torque de inserção foram realizadas com torquímetro com capacidade de 10Nm, sendo considerado o maior valor de torque. O preparo...

Célia de Almeida Lopes, and Anna Christina Esper Amaro de Faria, and Gislaine Iachstel Manetta, and Evanilde Benedito-Cecilio

The aim of this work was to determine the caloric density of leaves, stems and roots of aquatic macrophytes in different environments of the Baía subsystem (Baía river and Fechada and Guaraná lagoons) on the Upper Paraná river floodplain, in addition to identify the variability between ecological groups. Samplings of Eichhornia crassipes, Salvinia spp, Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia azurea, Polygonum sp, Cyperaceae and Poaceae were carried out in February 2003. Spatial differences in the caloric ...

Annick Cros, and Robert J. Toonen, and Sarah W. Davies, and Stephen A. Karl

Information on connectivity is becoming increasingly in demand as marine protected areas are being designed as an integral part of a network to protect marine resources at the ecosystem level. Larval dispersal and population structure, however, remain very difficult to assess. Here, we tested the predictions of a detailed oceanographic connectivity model of larval dispersal and coral recruitment within Palau and between Palau and Yap, which was developed to support the review of the existing net...

C. O'Dowd, and D. Ceburnis, and J. Ovadnevaite, and A. Vaishya, and M. Rinaldi, and M. C. Facchini

Atmospheric aerosols have been sampled and characterised at the Mace Head north-east (NE) Atlantic atmospheric research station since 1958, with many interesting phenomena being discovered. However, with the range of new discoveries and scientific advances, there has been a range of concomitant criticisms challenging the representativeness of aerosol sampled at the station compared to that of aerosol over the pristine open-ocean. Two recurring criticisms relate to the lack of representativeness ...

Harald eSöderbäck, and Harald eSöderbäck, and Haile eMahteme, and Per eHellman, and Gabriel eSandblom

BackgroundWound dehiscence and incisional hernia are potentially serious complications following abdominal surgery, especially if performed through a midline incision. Although prophylactic reinforcement with on-lay mesh has been shown to reduce this risk, a permanent mesh carries the risk of seroma formation, infection and persistent pain. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of a resorbable on-lay mesh to reinforce the midline suturein patients with high risk for wound dehiscence or ...

Manish Bansal, and Jagdish C. Mohan, and Shantanu P. Sengupta

This study sought to gain insights into the magnitude of error resulting in echocardiographic interpretations in Indian subjects by using western data as the reference. Standard transthoracic echocardiographic examination was performed in 100 healthy volunteers (mean age 34.0 ± 8.8 years, 59% males). Compared with the reference values published by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE), our subjects had much smaller left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic dimension, end-systolic dimension, a...

Wenbing Wu, and Yanwei Deng, and Mingyu Zhang, and Yihua Zhang

<p class="Abstract"><strong><em>Purpose:</em></strong> The requirements for high quality and diversification aquatic products are increasing with the improvement of Chinese living standard. However, the distribution between place of production and place of consumption are uneven, which results in large cold-chain logistics demand for aquatic products. At present, the low-level development of cold chain logistics has a bad impact on the circulation of aquatic products in China. So it is very urge...

Rosemary M. McCloskey, and Richard K.F. Unsworth

Seagrass meadows globally are disappearing at a rapid rate with physical disturbances being one of the major drivers of this habitat loss. Disturbance of seagrass can lead to fragmentation, a reduction in shoot density, canopy height and coverage, and potentially permanent loss of habitat. Despite being such a widespread issue, knowledge of how such small scale change affects the spatial distribution and abundances of motile fauna remains limited. The present study investigated fish and macro fa...

Wayne Freeman Chong, and Zin Ee Lai, and Pei Si Teo, and Yong Lai Tang, and Lee Kim Ching, and Foong Ling Ng

Wilmien J. Luus-Powell, and Antoinette Jooste, and Kerstin Junker

During parasitological field surveys of freshwater fish, sebekiid and subtriquetrid pentastome larvae were recovered from the body cavity or swim bladder of several fish species from various localities in Limpopo and Mpumalanga Provinces, South Africa. Sebekia wedli was recovered from the body cavity of Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Mormyridae) from Flag Boshielo Dam, Limpopo Province, and Alofia sp. and Subtriquetra rileyi were found in the swim bladder of Oreochromis mossambicus (Cichlida...

R. J. Barthelmie, and R. J. Barthelmie, and A. M. Sempreviva, and A. M. Sempreviva, and S. C. Pryor, and S. C. Pryor

Wind energy developments offshore focus on larger turbines to keep the relative cost of the foundation per MW of installed capacity low. Hence typical wind turbine hub-heights are extending to 100 m and potentially beyond. However, measurements to these heights are not usually available, requiring extrapolation from lower measurements. With humid conditions and low mechanical turbulence offshore, deviations from the traditional logarithmic wind speed profile become significant and stabilit...

Andreas F. Haas, and Marine Guibert, and Anja Foerschner, and Tim Co, and Sandi Calhoun, and Emma George, and Mark Hatay, and Elizabeth Dinsdale, and Stuart A. Sandin, and Jennifer E. Smith, and Mark J.A. Vermeij, and Ben Felts, and Phillip Dustan, and Peter Salamon, and Forest Rohwer

The natural beauty of coral reefs attracts millions of tourists worldwide resulting in substantial revenues for the adjoining economies. Although their visual appearance is a pivotal factor attracting humans to coral reefs current monitoring protocols exclusively target biogeochemical parameters, neglecting changes in their aesthetic appearance. Here we introduce a standardized computational approach to assess coral reef environments based on 109 visual features designed to evaluate the aestheti...

Hai Ming Wong, and Cheuk Ming Mak, and Wai Ming To

Background/purpose: Dental anxiety is closely related to one's past experience in dental clinics. However, little is known about what clinical, environmental, and psychological aspects provoke anxiety in dental patients. Extending on previous work in The Netherlands which explored anxiety provoking stimuli, the objective of the study was to develop a Dental Anxiety Provoking Scale (DAPS) that measures the degree to which anxiety was provoked by dental stimuli and to identify the underlying facto...