J. Zhou, and J.-L. Tison, and G. Carnat, and N.-X. Geilfus, and B. Delille

We report on methane (CH₄) dynamics in landfast sea ice, brine and under-ice seawater at Barrow in 2009. The CH₄ concentrations in under-ice water ranged from 25.9 to 116.4 nmol L^−1_sw, indicating a supersaturation of 700 to 3100% relative to the atmosphere. In comparison, the CH₄ concentrations in sea ice ranged from 3.4 to 17.2 nmol L^−1_ice and the deduced CH₄ concentrations in brine from 13.2 to ...

Jacqueline Santos Silva-Cavalcanti, and Eike Martina Holzkämper, and Luís Henrique Bezerra Alves, and Monica Ferreira da Costa

This study assessed the number of mussel fishers at an intertidal flat at the mouth of a tropical estuary (Goiana estuary - Brazil) from January to March 2010. Two observers counted the number of fishers and fishing boats over eight tidal cycles at new moon. In addition, shell length (mm) and biomass (57.34 ± 9.7 g m−2) of fishery-independent random-samples of mussels (Anomalocardia brasiliana) were measured to estimate the resource available. Fishers’ temporal use of the intertidal flat did not...

Miguel Clavero

Past processes and events may have an important influence on contemporaneous ecological patterns, including current human impacts on landscapes and organisms. In spite of that, most of the ecological knowledge has been built upon short-term studies, which very rarely exceed one decade. Ecology and Conservation Biology have an important lack of historical approaches, a deficiency that may become a hindrance for the management of natural systems. In this talk I will present examples of how histori...

Marzena Mielczarek, and Joanna Michalska, and Katarzyna Polatynska, and Jurek Olszewski

In our clinic invasive transtympanal promontory positive DC stimulations were first used, with a success rate of 42%. However, non-invasive hydrotransmissive negative DC stimulations are now favoured, with improvement being obtained in 37.8% directly after the treatment, and 51.3% in a follow up one month after treatment. The further improvement after one month may be due to neuroplastic changes at central level as a result of altered peripheral input. The aim of the study was to determine how a...

Rachel V. Thakore, and Jordan C. Apfeld, and Ronald K. Johnson, and Vasanth Sathiyakumar, and A. Alex Jahangir, and Manish K. Sethi

Abstract: Background: Violence has recently been reported among a primarily young, minority population in Nashville, Tennessee. School-based programs have been proven as effective methods of reducing violent behavior, beliefs, and actions that lead to violence among adolescents. Methods: Investigators implemented a rigorous search for an appropriate school-based violence prevention program for Metropolitan Nashville middle school students utilizing a systematic review and discussion group wi...

Aurélio R. Meneses, and Marcus Vinícius O. Bevilaqua, and Neusa Hamada, and Ranyse B. Querino

The aquatic habit and host plants of Paracles klagesi (Rothschild) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in Brazil. The aquatic caterpillar Paracles klagesi (Rothschild, 1910) was collected from the headwaters of a stream in an ecotone between Cerrado and Babaçu forest in northeastern Brazil. The single caterpillar found was observed feeding on the macrophyte Tonina fluviatilis Aubl. (Eriocaulaceae) and other aquatic plants of the family Nymphaeaceae present in the area, but also accepted as food E...

J. F. Oxmann, and L. Schwendenmann

Mechanisms governing phosphorus (P) speciation in coastal sediments remain largely unknown due to the diversity of coastal environments and poor analytical specificity for P phases. We investigated P speciation across salinity gradients comprising diverse ecosystems in a P-enriched estuary. To determine P load effects on P speciation we compared the high P site with a low P site. Octacalcium phosphate (OCP), authigenic apatite (carbonate fluorapatite, CFAP) and detrital apatite (fluorapatite) we...

Catherine M. Capio, and Cindy H.P. Sit, and Kathlynne F. Eguia, and Bruce Abernethy, and Richard S.W. Masters

Background: A positive association between fundamental movement skills (FMS) and physical activity (PA) has been shown in previous research of children with and without disability. This pilot study explored a causal mechanism for such relationship, and hypothesized that when FMS proficiency is improved, enhanced PA uptake will be found in children with and without disability. It was further hypothesized that improving FMS proficiency will have a greater impact on children with disability than th...

Sonia F. Hoque, and Claire H. Quinn, and Susannah M. Sallu

The commodification of peasant livelihoods through export-oriented aquaculture has brought about significant social-ecological changes in low-lying coastal areas in many parts of Asia. A better understanding of the underlying drivers and distributional effects of these changes requires integration of social and ecological approaches that often have different epistemological origins. Resilience thinking has gained increased traction in social-ecological systems research because it provides a dyna...

Steven B. Scyphers, and J Steven. Picou, and Robert D. Brumbaugh, and Sean P. Powers

Oyster reefs provide coastal societies with a vast array of ecosystem services, but are also destructively harvested as an economically and culturally important fishery resource, exemplifying a complex social-ecological system (SES). Historically, societal demand for oysters has led to destructive and unsustainable levels of harvest, which coupled with multiple other stressors has placed oyster reefs among the most globally imperiled coastal habitats. However, more recent studies have demonstrat...

M. Mertens, and V. Grewe, and V. Grewe, and V. S. Rieger, and V. S. Rieger, and P. Jöckel

We quantify the contribution of land transport and shipping emissions to tropospheric ozone for the first time with a chemistry–climate model including an advanced tagging method (also known as source apportionment), which considers not only the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO_<i>x</i>, NO, and NO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOC) separately, but also their non-linear interaction in producing ozone. For summer conditions a contribution of l...

Luis Hückstädt, and Tarsicio Antezana

The killer whale is an opportunistic top-predator of ecosystems worldwide and its diet varies locally and seasonally, which is reflected in diverse feeding behaviours associated with its prey. We report the occurrence of killer whales presumably predating on southern sea lions associated with the jack mackerel fishing fleet in central Chile. The presence of killer whales was recorded during 4 fishing sets. All sightings consisted of 3-5 individual pods of females and calves. The number of sea li...

Steven J Biller, and Steven J Biller, and Annika C Mosier, and Annika C Mosier, and George F Wells, and George F Wells, and Christopher A Francis

Archaea play an important role in nitrification and are, thus, inextricably linked to the global carbon and nitrogen cycles. Since the initial discovery of an ammonia monooxygenase α-subunit (amoA) gene associated with an archaeal metagenomic fragment, archaeal amoA sequences have been detected in a wide variety of nitrifying environments. Recent sequencing efforts have revealed extensive diversity of archaeal amoA sequences within different habitats. In this study, we have examined over 8000 a...

Alba Martínez-García, and Eva María Trescastro-López

Introduction: Obesity and overweight are among the main risk factors in the world today. In Spain, more than half of the children are above their ideal weight. The aim of this study was to show the pilot experience of the activities of food and nutrition education which were carried out in the State School “La Serranica “ in Aspe (Spain) to promote the acquisition of knowledge and healthy eating habits and assess the impact of such intervention. Material and Methods: The study was developed in ...

Ahmed Elhanafi, and Alan Fleming, and Gregor Macfarlane, and Zhi Leong

Offshore oscillating water columns (OWC) represent one of the most promising forms of wave energy converters. The hydrodynamic performance of such converters heavily depends on their interactions with ocean waves; therefore, understanding these interactions is essential. In this paper, a fully nonlinear 2D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model based on RANS equations and VOF surface capturing scheme is implemented to carry out wave energy balance analyses for an offshore OWC. The numerical mo...

Fahim Tamzeedul Karim, and Kashif Ghafoor, and Sahena Ferdosh, and Fahad Al-Juhaimi, and Eaqub Ali, and Kamaruzzaman Bin Yunus, and Mir Hoseini Hamed, and Ashraful Islam, and Mohammad Asif, and Mohammed Zaidul Islam Sarker

In order to improve the encapsulation process, a newly supercritical antisolvent process was developed to encapsulate fish oil using hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose as a polymer. Three factors, namely, temperature, pressure, and feed emulsion rate were optimized using response surface methodology. The suitability of the model for predicting the optimum response value was evaluated at the conditions of temperature at 60°C, pressure at 150 bar, and feed rate at 1.36 mL/min. At the optimum condition...

G. BITAR, and A. A. RAMOS-ESPLÁ, and O. OCAÑA, and Y. R. SGHAIER, and A. FORCADA, and C. VALLE, and H. EL SHAER, and M. VERLAQUE

The marine macroflora introduced into Lebanon was studied through an analysis of historical data and field studies carried out since 1991. A total of 29 introduced species have been listed: 3 Chromobionta, 13 Rhodobionta, 12 Chlorobionta and 1 Streptobionta. Among them, Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla, Spatoglossum variabile and Womersleyella setacea are recorded for the first time from Lebanon. Among them, Asparagopsis taxiformis, C. taxifolia var. distichophylla, Cladophora patentiramea...

T. Dinter, and V. V. Rozanov, and J. P. Burrows, and A. Bracher

The availability of light in the ocean is an important parameter for the determination of phytoplankton photosynthesis processes and primary production from satellite data. It is also a useful parameter for other applications, e.g. the determination of heat fluxes. In this study, a method was developed utilising the vibrational Raman scattering (VRS) effect of water molecules to determine the number of photons available in the ocean water, which is expressed by the depth integrated scalar irradi...

Alberto Tazioli, and Lucia Aquilanti, and Francesca Clementi, and Mirco Marcellini, and Torquato Nanni, and Stefano Palpacelli, and Paola Maria Vivalda

The investigated area, located in the inner part of the Marche region (central Italy) and belonging to the carbonate Umbria- Marche ridges in the central Apennines, is characterised by very complex geo-structural setting and widespread karst phenomena that make difficult the definition of the relation among the aquifers basing only on the hydrogeological survey. Hence, the presence of different flowpaths among aquifers of the Umbria-Marche hydrostratigraphic sequence and of tectonic contacts amo...

Nicola C. Dobson, and Magnus L. Johnson, and Sammy De Grave

Morphometric differences in the optical morphology of symbiotic palaemonid shrimps can be observed among species symbiotic with different host organisms. Discriminant functional analysis revealed three distinct groups within the species examined. Of these, bivalve symbionts appear to have an eye design that is solely unique to this host-symbiont grouping, a design that spans across multiple genera of phylogenetically unrelated animals. Although some taxonomic effects may be evident, this does no...

Ülo Suursaar

Statistics of hindcast wave series were studied at eight differently exposed fetch-limited Estonian coastal sea locations (Harilaid, Kihnu, Kõiguste, Matsi, Neugrund, Sundgrund, Suurupi and Letipea). Based on episodic wave measurements obtained with the bottom mounted Recording Doppler Current Profiler in 2006–2014, a model for significant wave height was calibrated separately for those locations; using wind forcing data from Estonian coastal meteorological stations, a set of hourly hindcasts we...

G. Cottone, and M. Di Paola, and R. Ibrahim, and A. Pirrotta, and R. Santoro

The response of ship roll oscillation under random ice impulsive loads modeled by Poisson arrival process is very important in studying the safety of ships navigation in cold regions. Under both external and parametric random excitations the evolution of the probability density function of roll motion is evaluated using the path integral (PI) approach. The PI method relies on the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation, which governs the response transition probability density functions at two close interva...

J. M. Winterbottom

Bird denseties in coastal Renosterbosveld of the Bontebok National Park, Swellendam, Cape Province

ZHANG Jinguo, and LIU Chunlin, and WANG Gangwei, and TIAN Jiabin

<b>[Objectives]</b> Modular shipbuilding can shorten the cycle of design and construction, lower production costs and improve the quality of products, but higher shipbuilding capabilities are required, especially for the installation of power plants. Because of such characteristics of modular shipbuilding as the high precision of docking links, long size equipment installation chain and quantitative docking interfaces, docking installation is very difficult due to high docking deviation and low ...

S. Paul, and S. Paul, and S. Hendricks, and R. Ricker, and S. Kern, and E. Rinne

<p>In order to derive long-term changes in sea-ice volume, a multi-decadal sea-ice thickness record is required. CryoSat-2 has showcased the potential of radar altimetry for sea-ice mass-balance estimation over the recent years. However, precursor altimetry missions such as Environmental Satellite (Envisat) have not been exploited to the same extent so far. Combining both missions to acquire a decadal sea-ice volume data set requires a method to overcome the discrepancies due to different ...

Sunutcha Suntrarachun, and Lawan Chanhome, and Montri Sumontha

PCR-RFLP based technique for identification of sea snakes in Thai waters was achieved by developing species-specific markers. To distinguish between sea snake species, the PCR products of cytochrome b (Cyt b), 12S and 16S rRNA were sequenced and cut with different restriction endonuclease, Alu I and Hinf I. Each enzyme generated different - sized fragments which specific to Cyt b of eight sea snake species. However, the identical pattern was found among Hydrophis group. This result could be reso...

V. V. Belyaev, and E. N. Volkova, and O. I. Nasvit, and L. P. Jurchuk

The dynamics of 137Cs distribution in blood, gills, liver, bowels and muscles of fish after receiving radionuclide in organism was studied. In explored organs and tissues, except muscles, revealed 2 components radionuclide release. The contribution of short component exceeds the contribution of the longest component for blood and gills in 1,5 - 2,0 times, for bowels and livers – in 5 - 10 times. The longest component of removing 137Cs from fish organism is defined the share radionuclide depo...

Craig Edward Colten

Louisiana (USA) faces a serious coastal land loss crisis and has embarked on an ambitious plan to restore its littoral landscape.  Yet the very population that depend on this environmental setting for their traditional livelihoods will be the mose immediately impacted and they are not able to participate in the planning as they would like.  This article will: (1) review the state’s historical approach to environmental policy in order to expose a pattern of neglecting public wishes; (2) trace pas...

Florian Mauffrey, and Alexandra Cucaita, and Philippe Constant, and Richard Villemur

Background Methylophaga nitratireducenticrescens strain JAM1 is a methylotrophic, marine bacterium that was isolated from a denitrification reactor treating a closed-circuit seawater aquarium. It can sustain growth under anoxic conditions by reducing nitrate ( ${\mathrm{NO}}_{3}^{-}$ NO 3 − ) to nitrite ( ${\mathrm{NO}}_{2}^{-}$ NO 2 − ). These physiological traits are attributed to gene clusters that encode two dissimilatory nitrate reductases (Nar). Strain JAM1 also contains gene clusters enco...

D. CABANA, and A. NICOLAIDOU, and K. SIGALA, and S. REIZOPOULOU

Benthic macroinvertebrate communities form the basis of the intricate lagoonal food web. Understanding their functional and taxonomic response, from a β-diversity perspective, is essential to disclose underlying patterns with potential applicability in conservation and management actions. Within the central lagoon of Messolonghi we studied the main environmental components structuring the macroinvertebrate community. We analyzed the β-taxonomic and β-functional diversity across the main habitats...

José Rui Lima Paitio, and Rui Pedro Vieira, and Rui Pedro Vieira

Deep-sea fishes inhabit an environment where light plays a crucial ecological role with consequences on their behaviour, but little is known on how visual adaptations evolved to these specific light conditions. The mesopelagic zone is the transition from the upward epipelagic photic zone to the downward abyssopelagic aphotic zone. In this dim environment only monochromatic blue (470-490 nm) light is available, from the faint down-welling sunlight and the abundant bioluminescent species. Behaviou...

Elena Beatríz Eder, and María Rosa Marín, and Mirtha Noemí Lewis

The dataset contains 2007 records of occurrence of 39 species of fish and 2 species of squid distributed on the Patagonian continental shelf and slope. This dataset describes a new and revised version of the original data published through OBIS with individual morphometrics. Specimens are representative of pelagic, demersal, demersal-pelagic, demersal-benthic and benthic habits and they were collected by commercial fishing vessels in autumn (May–June, 2001, 51 catches), winter ...

Oriol Cano-Rocabayera, and Alberto Maceda-Veiga, and Isabel Muñoz

Mediterranean coastal lagoons are probably one of the most singular and endangered ecosystems worldwide. Common threats to other aquatic ecosystems are nutrient enrichment and species introductions. In shallow and warm areas, the environmental concern may be even exacerbated by an increase in nutrient levels and biotic interactions due to the low water flow, coupled to the temperature-sensitivity of ectotherms’ metabolism and hence ecological processes. Nutrient enrichment can benefit ecosystem ...

M. S. Mohd Nadzir, and S. M. Phang, and M. R. Abas, and N. Abdul Rahman, and A. Abu Samah, and W. T. Sturges, and D. E. Oram, and G. P. Mills, and E. C. Leedham, and J. A. Pyle, and N. R. P. Harris, and A. D. Robinson, and M. J. Ashfold, and M. I. Mead, and M. T. Latif, and M. F. Khan, and A. M. Amiruddin, and N. Banan, and M. M. Hanafiah

Atmospheric concentrations of very short-lived species (VSLS) bromocarbons, including CHBr₃, CH₂Br₂, CHCl₂Br, CHClBr₂, and CH₂BrCl, were measured in the Strait of Malacca and the South China and Sulu–Sulawesi seas during a two-month research cruise in June–July 2009. The highest bromocarbon concentrations were found in the Strait of Malacca, with smaller enhancements in coastal regions of northern Borneo. CHBr₃ was the ...

Sabrin R.M. Ibrahim, and Gamal A. Mohamed

Pyridoacridine alkaloids are unique marine nitrogenous compounds that represent a large family of alkaloids. They have been reported from different marine organisms like sponges, ascidians, anemones, prosobranch mollusk, and tunicates. Attention to pyridoacridines has risen because of their significant biological activities. The present review emphasizes mainly on pyridoacridines isolated marine organisms over the last years. Thus, the synthetic ones were not discussed. Herein, 95 pyridoacridine...

Sebastià Santaeugènia, and Xavier Frias, and Antoni Sicras

Anthony Herrel, and Menelia Vasilopoulou-Kampitsi, and Camille Bonneaud

Frogs are characterized by a morphology that has been suggested to be related to their unique jumping specialization. Yet, the functional demands associated with jumping and swimming may not be that different as suggested by studies with semi-aquatic frogs. Here, we explore whether features previously identified as indicative of good burst swimming performance also predict jumping performance in a highly aquatic frog, Xenopus tropicalis. Moreover, we test whether the morphological determinants o...

A. K. Olapade

We consider a form of generalized logistic distribution which is called extended type I generalized logistic distribution. Some theorems that relate the distribution to some other statistical distributions are established. A possible application of one of the theorems is included.

Jeffrey David Lambert, and Adrian Taylor, and Paul Farrand, and Anne Haase

Background: Physical activity (PA) yields moderate effect sizes for treating depression (Cooney et al., 2013). PA may also help reduce depressive relapse, providing additional psychological benefits such as positive self-regard and a sense of competence (Babyak et al., 2000). Behavioural Activation (BA) is an evidence-based psychological therapy for depression, which aims to get people more engaged with activities that provide positive reinforcement for non-depressed behaviours (Hopko, Lejuez,...

Josep Lloret, and Jordi Lleonart

The recruitment dynamics into the fishery of eight species in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea was studied on the basis of a monthly length sampling on commercial landings lasting one year (March 1999-February 2000). The results show that three species or groups of species (Mullus barbatus and M. surmuletus, Eledone cirrhosa and Loligo vulgaris) recruited mostly during a well-defined and regular season, while recruitment of the rest of species (Merluccius merluccius, Micromesistius poutassou, ...

J. Soares, and I. Wainer, and N. C. Wells

The effect of viscosity, non linearities, incident wave period and realistic eastern coastline geometry on energy fluxes are investigated using a shallow water model with a spatial resolution of 1/4 degree in both meridional and zonal directions. Equatorial and mid-latitude responses are considered. It is found that (1) the influence of the coastline geometry and the incident wave period is more important for the westward energy flux than for the poleward flux, and (2) the effect of the in...

Thomas Wichard

The roles of organic matter in seawater have often been discussed from the aspect of metal toxicity and bioavailability in seawater. In fact, organic ligands, as part of the organic matter, can work as a trace metal ion buffer system. At the same time, however, the release of well-defined metal chelators as exudates by, for example, marine bacteria is necessary to compete with natural metal complexes and sustain the metal acquisition required for several processes including nitrogen fixation. Th...

Jim Moselhy, and Tasnim Vira, and Fei-Fei Liu, and et al

Jim Moselhy1, Tasnim Vira1, Fei-Fei Liu2, Xiao Yu Wu11Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; 2Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, ON, CanadaAbstract: Thermoresponsive cationic nanogel (TCNG) networks based on N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), and quaternary alkyl ammonium halide salts of DMAEMA (DMAEMAQ) were synthesized by dispersion polymerization technique. The thermoresponsiv...

Imed Jribi, and Khaled Echwikhi, and Mohamed Nejmeddine Bradai, and Abderrhmen Bouain

Longlines are a fishing gear that have traditionally been used world-wide. Surface longlines are mainly used to fish swordfish, albacore, tuna and some species of sharks, while bottom longlines are used to fish large bottom-dwelling fish such as groupers. Longlines are widely known to interact with several species of sea turtles, and there is increasing concern about the impact of by-catch on these species. However, there is a paucity of data on sea turtle interactions with bottom longlines. In ...

Philip Lindner, and Elinor Linderot Olsson, and Amanda Johnsson, and Mats Dahlin, and Gerhard Andersson, and Per Carlbring

Background: Internet-administered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) is an effective treatment of depression, yet much remains to be learned about the specific mechanisms influencing symptom reduction. Although previous research has consistently shown that therapist-guided iCBT is more effective than unguided iCBT, it is unknown whether the medium used for therapist-client communication has an impact on results. Methods: Thirty-eight subjects with major depression were recruited from the waiti...

D Ross Robertson, and Rachel eCollin

Effects of planktonic food supplies and temperature on pelagic fish larvae are thought to be the primary environmental determinants of adaptive variation in egg size. Differences between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of Panama in primary production (higher in the Pacific due to upwelling) and temperature (less seasonal in the non-upwelling Caribbean) allow testing such ideas. We compared the volumes, dry weights and energy content of eggs of 24 species of reef fishes from the two sides of the ...

Pitchai Sampathkumar, and Srinivasan Balakrishnan, and Krishnamoorthy Kamalakannan, and Rethinavelu Sankar, and Lakshmanan Ramkumar, and Subramani Ramesh, and Neelamegam Kabilan, and Thambusamy Sureshkumar, and Chellam Thenmozhi, and Mookapillai Gopinath, and Sekar Jayasudha, and Amalanathan Arokiyasundram, and Thiruvarasan Lenin, and Thangavelu Balasubramanian

Hydrographical parameters and phytoplankton assemblages were determined along the Pondicherry, Parangipettai and Nagapattinam coastal waters, southeast coast of India. All the hydrographical parameters such as sea surface temperature, salinity, pH, total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen and nutrients like nitrate, nitrite, inorganic phosphate and reactive silicate, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton assemblages were studied for a period of five months (May, August, September 2010, March and November 20...

Justas Nugaras

This paper presents the results of the empirical research of the networking of Technical Higher Education Institutions (HEI‘S) of the Baltic Sea region. The research was conducted in order to understand how the Social Network Analysis (SNA) and network mapping methods could help to strengthen institution’s strategic perspective through networking. The author analyse the interaction phenomena in the Higher education sector; its’ impact for networking of institutions and for the network itself; t...

Darius Jarmalavičius, and Gintautas Žilinskas, and Donatas Pupienis

During the reconstruction of 2001–2002, the Klaipėda port jetties were lengthened (the northern jetty by 205 m and the southern by 278 m). These works produced an impact on dynamic coastal processes in the neighbourhood of the port. The evaluation of the impact of jetties reconstruction was based on the data obtained in 1995–2010 during the monitoring of coastal dynamics in the port of Klaipėda. Study area includes 10 km coastal strip of mainland and 12 km coastal strip of Curonian Spit. The an...

Jonathan M. Jones, and Uta Passow, and Steven C. Fradkin

Ocean acidification (OA) will have a predominately negative impact on marine animals sensitive to changes in carbonate chemistry. Coastal upwelling regions, such as the Northwest coast of North America, are likely among the first ecosystems to experience the effects of OA as these areas already experience high pH variability and naturally low pH extremes. Over the past decade, pH off the Olympic coast of Washington has declined an order of magnitude faster than predicted by accepted conservative...