Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences

The long-term mobility and availability of trace metals has been cited as a potential hazard by critics of EPA 503 rule governing the land application of biosolids. The purpose of this research was to investigate the long-term effects of biosolids application on trace metals distribution and mobility. A single application of aerobically digested biosolids was applied to 1.5 x 2.3 m confined plots of a Davidson clay loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic, Rhodic Paleudult) in 1984 at 0, 42, 84, 126, 1...

Biology

2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is well known for its immunotoxic effects on the thymus,as well as on B and T lymphocyte functions. Previous studies suggested that TCDD exertedimmunotoxic effects only on cells differentiating in response to antigenic challenge. To this date,no work has been done to characterize the long-term effects of TCDD on the activated cells.Additionally, no studies have been done to determine whether TCDD has any effect on resting Tcells. In the current study, there...

Industrial and Systems Engineering

Materials requirements planning (MRP) is a widely used method for production planning and scheduling. Planned lead-time (PLT) and lot size are two of the input parameters for MRP systems, which determine planned order release dates. Presently, planned lead-time and lot size are estimated using independent methodologies. No existing PLT estimation methods consider factors such as machine breakdown, scrap-rate, etc. Moreover, they do not consider the capacity of a shop, which changes dynamically, ...

Animal and Poultry Sciences

In previous work with mouse lines selected for resistance (R) and susceptibility (S) to fescue toxicosis, R mice had higher activities of Phase II liver enzymes glutathione S-transferase and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl-transferase than S mice. Objectives of this study were: 1. to determine whether selection for toxicosis response had also caused divergence between lines in hepatic Phase I enzyme activity (as assessed by sleep time following sodium pentobarbital anesthesia), 2. to determine ...

Educational Leadership and Policy Studies

There is increasing recognition of an impending shortage of educational leaders to fill vacant administrative positions. Consequently, interest in finding ways to support, guide, and retain novice principals has emerged. Mentoring is a popular and effective means of transferring knowledge from an experienced principal to a newly appointed one. Little attention, however, has been given to the process of formal administrative mentorships and how they can be shaped to meet the varied needs of new s...

Economics

Stock market event studies are often used to estimate the impact of an unanticipated event on stock returns of a company. Traditionally, these analyses focus on developing estimates of abnormal returns attributed to the event or some measure of post-event loss in shareholder value. In 1989 Mark Mitchell used an event study to estimate the impact of the 1982 Tylenol poisonings on Johnson & Johnsons share returns. Mark Mitchell was able to demonstrate that (1) Johnson & Johnson sha...

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Dynamic Power Management (DPM) refers to the strategies employed at system level to reduce energy expenditure (i.e. to prolong battery life) in embedded systems. The trade-off involved in DPM techniques is between the reductions of energy consumption and latency incurred by the jobs to be executed by the system. Such trade-offs need to be decided at runtime making DPM an on-line problem. In this context, the contributions of this thesis are two-fold. Firstly, we formulate the DPM problem as a hy...

Electrical and Computer Engineering

This thesis addresses the paucity of research on network mobility with a taxonomy and aquantitative comparison on a real test bed of existing and forthcoming network mobility solutions. Broadly, network mobility solutions can be divided into two broad categories, intra­domain and inter­domain solutions. The two are distinct enough to warrant separate solutions. Network mobility solutions can also be divided into four catogories according to their implementation, (i) Mobile IP-&...

Business Administration

The Low Literate Consumer in the Pharmacy<p>Nichole D. Nardon(ABSTRACT)<p>The best public policy arises out of a need to provide protection to those who cannot protect themselves in the marketplace. This paper suggests that consumers with limited literacy skills are routinely overlooked within the healthcare arena and may be in need of consumer protection policies. Low literacy is generally perceived to be a stigma, and consumers may actively work to hide this fact. M...

Electrical and Computer Engineering

A Denial of Service (DoS) attack is an incident in which the user is deprived of the services of a resource he is expected to have. With the increasing reliance on mobile devices like laptops and palmtops, a new type of DoS attack is possible that attacks the batteries of these devices, called sleep deprivation attacks. The goal of sleep deprivation attacks is to rapidly drain the battery of the mobile devices, rendering the device inoperable long before the expected battery lifetime, thus denyi...

Materials Science and Engineering

The main objective of this work is to develop and optimize a process for the fabrication of basic semiconductor devices in silicon using the Modu-lab toolset in the MicrON 636 Whittemore cleanroom facility. This toolset is designed to work with four-inch silicon wafers, in a class 10000 cleanroom. Early work on this process produced functioning devices, with low yield and little to no process control. Three aspects of the process were therefore selected for optimization in this work.The oxidatio...

Counselor Education

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Geological Sciences

Heterogeneous Internal Fabric of the Mount Barcroft Pluton, White Mountains, eastern California: an Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility StudyKaren J. MichelsenABSTRACTAnisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) have been used with great success for determining the internal structure and fabrics of Jurassic and Cretaceous plutons of felsic-intermediate compositions in the White-Inyo Range of eastern California. However, application of the AMS techniques to the Mount Barcroft pluton, located in ...

Mechanical Engineering

Current improvements in gas turbine engine performance have arisen primarily due to increases in turbine inlettemperature and compressor pressure ratios. However, a maximum possible turbine inlet temperatureexits in the form of the adiabatic combustion temperature of the fuel. In addition, thermal limits of turbineblade materials also places an upper bound on turbine inlet temperatures. Thus, the current strategy for improving gasturbine efficiency is inherently limited. Introduction of a new ga...

Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science

Take-all is the most devastating root disease of wheat worldwide. The causal agent is <I>Gaeumannomyces</I> <I>graminis</I> (Sacc.) Arx & Olivier. Based on morphological characteristics and host ranges, three varieties of <I>G</I>. <I>graminis</I> have been recognized. <I>G</I>. <I>graminis</I> var. <I>tritic...

FLL

The identity of Latin America is composed of elements inherited from Europe, Asia and Africa. This identity has been defined with a series of images, roles, behaviors and rules created to maintain a particular unification among the citizens of these societies. Cultural ideologies involving marriage, separation and divorce have been subjected to historical changes. Divorce in Latin America typically has had a negative connotation and communities have considered divorced women as outcasts. The pur...

Industrial and Systems Engineering

Rising demands and market competition have forced many emergency departments to improve their quality of service. This improvement is usually achieved at the cost of increasing resources in the emergency department in order to increase the patient satisfaction.This research deals in part with both problems, i.e., increasing patient satisfaction and keeping costs in the ED to a minimum. The research has schedules designed on the patient contacts for physicians and residents in the academic emerge...

Human Development

TRANSFORMATIONAL AND TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLES AS THEY PREDICT CONSTRUCTIVE CULTURE AND DEFENSIVE CULTUREbyRandy G. EppardCommittee Chairperson: Dr. Albert K. WiswellHuman Development(Abstract)The purpose of this study was to test a predictive model of several components of organizational and leadership Culture in a large sample of municipal employees using three sets of predictors: demographic/employment status of employees, measures of employees judgments of their supervisors transaction...

Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science

<i>Orobanche</i> species are parasitic weeds that subsist on the roots of many dicotyledonous plants. These parasites form symplastic and apoplastic connections with their hosts and act as strong sinks for the uptake of water, minerals, and photosynthates, often causing severe damage to the hosts. Although the uptake of small molecules such as sugars and herbicides by <i>Orobanche</i> has been documented, movement of macromolecules between ...

Forestry

Site preparation is fundamental for establishing loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations, but long-term sustainability of plantations established using mechanical treatments is in question because of concerns regarding soil tillage and the removal of harvest residue and soil organic matter. A study was installed in 1981 on 12 locations in northeastern Georgia and west-central South Carolina to evaluate pine plantation response to mechanical site preparation. Site preparation treatments induce...

Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise

EVALUATION OF A MALTODEXTRIN GEL AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENTFOR FAT IN A HIGH-RATIO WHITE-LAYER CAKE FORMULATIONLeslie L. Archilla(ABSTRACT)The performance of a maltodextrin gel as a replacement (25, 50, 75, and 100%) for shortening along with high-fructose corn syrup-90 (HFCS-90), adjusted for sweetness in each treatment, were evaluated in a high-ratio white-layer cake formulation. Two controls were used to compare to fat-replaced cakes: control A (100% fat with 100% sucrose) and control B (100% f...

Veterinary Medical Sciences

The immunotoxic effects of multiple pesticide exposure were evaluated. C57BL/6 mouse thymocytes were exposed to lindane, malathion, and permethrin, either separately or in mixtures of two pesticides, in concentrations ranging from 37.5 uM to 1mM. These exposures caused both apoptotic and necrotic cell death in thymocytes as evaluated by 7-aminoactinomycin-D, Annexin-V/PI, and lactate dehydrogenase release assays. When cells were exposed to lindane+malathion, or lindane+permethrin, a significantl...

Sociology

AbstractImmigration policy and tradition dovetail in their impact on the social organization of immigrant communities, linking the material and non-material aspects of gender. I focus on Asian Indian Patels, who dominate the budget motel business in the United States. I conducted semi-structured interviews with Patel men, women, and teenagers. I stayed overnight in the motels to observe families at work. I was almost always invited to prepare and share a meal, so I observed families at home. My ...

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Power amplifiers (PA) are typically the most power-consuming building blocks of RF transceivers. Therefore, the design of a high-efficiency radio frequency power amplifier is the most obvious solution to overcoming the battery lifetime limitation in the portable communication systems. A power amplifiers classes (A, AB, B, C, F, E, etc), and design techniques (Load-pull and large-signal S-parameters techniques) are presented. The design accuracy of class-A power amplifier based on the small-signa...

Dairy Science

Ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicular aspiration was used to obtain oocytes from cows to study follicular development and oocyte morphology. Follicular aspiration was conducted once during wk 1 to 12 postpartum on 120 lactating cows with 6 groups, separated by biweekly intervals. Approximately one half of the aspirated cows at each session were from the early groups (wk 1-2, 3-4, or 5-6) and the other half from the later groups (wk 7-8, 9-10, or 11-12). On the day of aspiration the number of...

Political Science

The United Nations currently adopts media policies for peacekeeping missions on an ad-hoc basis, often relying on US or NATO rules. Some have suggested that a standardized media policy for all peacekeeping missions should be the norm. This project examines that proposition with an eye to the tension between the right to know and operational security. Looking at UN intervention in the Gulf War, Somalia, and Rwanda, the problems with such a rigid media policy appear significant. Instead, a dual-le...

Natural Resources

The white-throated woodrat, Neotoma albigula, is a desert rodent, common in the southwestern United States. This species relies on behavioral and physiological adaptations in order to cope with a desert environment. The physiological adaptations of the white-throated woodrat prevent the animal from overheating but do not promote water conservation. The woodrats ability to survive in an environment with little water is attributed to behavioral modification, primarily food choice and nocturnality....

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Broadband wireless access (BWA) is a promising emerging technology. In thepast, most BWA systems were based on proprietary implementations. The Institute ofElectrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.16 task group recently standardized thephysical (PHY) and medium-access control (MAC) layers for BWA systems. To operatein a wide range of physical channel conditions, the standard defines a robust and flexiblePHY. A wide range of modulation and coding schemes are defined. While the standardprov...

Science and Technology Studies

This work examines British inquiry into the human mind in the early nineteenth century using a multivalent structural analysis of ideas and practices within traditions established by Hume, Hartley, and Reid. While these traditions were propagated into the nineteenth century by such figures as Thomas Brown, James Mill, Sir William Hamilton, and Alexander Bain, this later period has received a dearth of attention in the history of psychology, the history of philosophy, and the history of ideas in ...

Educational Leadership and Policy Studies

Riley (1998) indicated that our nations neediest communities, those with high rates of poverty and all too often large minority populations, suffer most from shortages of qualified teachers. Schools with these characteristics are often our Title 1 schools. Staffing these schools can be a very difficult task. Haberman (1987) attributed the shortage of qualified urban educators to factors such as racism, fear, a generally negative perception of what teaching in an urban setting is like, and the lo...

Teaching and Learning

Relationships Among Prospective Elementary Teachers Beliefs About Mathematics, Mathematics Content Knowledge, and Previous Mathematics ExperiencesMary Addington QuillenVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityAbstractThe problem this study addresses is the relationship among the constructs content knowledge, beliefs, and previous experiences of prospective elementary teachers. The 36 participants in the study, 35 females and one male, were recent graduates from a five-year Elementary E...

Industrial and Systems Engineering

This thesis evaluates the ISO 9241 Part 7, Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 7: Requirements for display with reflections. The thesis involved two phases of effort that evaluated the photometric measurements required in the ISO standard in terms of subjective image quality judgments. In phase one, seven monitors were evaluated photometrically according to the ISO 9241-7 standard to determine whether they were Class I, II, or III. Additionally, gla...

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technologies are at the forefront of wireless communications, offering the possibility to provide extremely high data rate wireless solutions. In addition to high data rate applications, UWB technologies also offer an extremely low cost alternative for many low data rate systems. In this thesis, we describe the design of a CMOS pulse generator for impulse based UWB systems. The structure of our pulse generator is based on the topology of a single tap CMOS power amplifier. By...

Architecture

The premise of this thesis is to explore the transition of spaces through thresholds. This exploration begins with the urban environment and how one transitions through spaces into private spaces. In particular, this thesis addresses battered women and children and how their transition in life relates to transitional spaces. The journey began with research of precedence. However, the existence of shelters for battered women and children is relatively new. Therefore, I began at the roots of housi...

CAUS

For several years, certain personal efforts relied heavilyupon an essential belief in Lou Kahns masterful answerto a students question,because Architecture is.Kahns spiritual awareness brought about a poetic sig-nificanceto the studying, learning, and actualizing ofour environmental efforts. Through his profoundlysimple answer of architectures essential existence, Kahnsuggested that our works could never reach this state ofbeing (even reason being unable to reach to far), leavingus only the abil...

Animal and Poultry Sciences

AbstractRegulation of Pituitary Genes by the Transcription Factor, Pit-1, in the Domestic Turkey(A Turkey is not a Feathered Rat)byKristy L. WeatherlyAnimal and Poultry SciencesDr. Eric A. Wong, ChairmanThe transcription factor, Pit-1, is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the mammalian prolactin (Prl), growth hormone (GH) and thyroid stimulating hormone b-subunit genes (TSHb) as well as its own gene. The role of Pit-1 in avian species is unknown.Three turkey (t) Pit-1 isoforms have b...

Biology

The gene encoding the Dictyostelium replication protein Alarge subunit (DdRPA1) has been cloned by screening ofan EcoR I partial genomic library and a Hind III genomicsub-library. The complete nucleotide sequence, includingthe promoter region of the gene has been obtained bysequencing. Though the DdRPA1 protein has a size shiftduring development, 62 kDa in undifferentiated cells and81 kDa in differentiated cells; they are the products of thesame gene. Northern blot analysis revealed that theexpr...

Philosophy

In his essay "What Metaphors Mean," Donald Davidson gave a striking view of metaphor, claiming that metaphorical utterances have no meaning beyond the literal meanings of the words contained in them. Richard Rorty claims that this view of metaphor can be used to argue that cultural, moral, and scientific change (all products of metaphor) are contingent. I will argue that Davidson s view of metaphor is not consistent with Davidson s overall principles of theory construction, and, hence,...

Chemistry

The complex [IrH(COD)(PMe3)3][Cl]2o2HCl was prepared by the reaction between [Ir(COD)(PMe3)3]Cl and HCl gas in methylene chloride. The product precipitated from the solution and is soluble in polar solvents such as water, acetonitrile, and acetone. [IrH(COD)(PMe3)3][Cl]2o2HCl undergoes reaction in water to form fac-IrCl3(PMe3)3. Also, other [IrH(COD)(PMe3)3][X]2 salts were prepared with X being PF6, OTF, or BF4. It was determined that each salt retained a certain amount of excess acids and [IrH(...

Veterinary Medical Sciences

<I>Neospora hughesi</I> is a recently described cause of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). In the present study, we examined the susceptibility of BALB/c gamma-interferon gene knockout (gamma-INFKO), BALB/c, CD-1, and C57BL/6 strains of mice and gerbils to infection with tachyzoites of the Nh-A1 strain of <I>N. hughesi</I>. Only the gamma-IFNKO mice developed severe clinical disease following infection with <I>N. hughe...

Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science

Todays development of novel vaccines stresses the need for edible vaccines that are inexpensive, easily administered and capable of being stored and transported without refrigeration. Without these characteristics, developing countries find it difficult to adopt vaccination as the central strategy for preventing their most devastating diseases. A promising approach is the production of vaccines in plants we commonly consume. Two major obstacles have been encountered in developing vaccines in pla...

Veterinary Medical Sciences

The effect of reduced frequency ofadministration of misoprostol on its ability toprevent aspirin-induced gastric injury wasevaluated. Twenty-four random-source dogs weredivided into 4 groups which received aspirinand misoprostol as follows: Group I, 25 mg/kgaspirin PO TID and placebo PO TID; Group II,25 mg/kg aspirin PO TID and misoprostol 3 ug/kgPO TID; Group III, 25 mg/kg aspirin PO TID,misoprostol 3 ug/kg PO BID and placebo PO QD;and Group IV, 25 mg/kg aspirin PO TID,misoprostol 3 ug/kg PO QD...

Teaching and Learning

Hyperpedagogy seeks to actualize social justice pedagogies and poststructuralist theorizing in digitally enhanced and online learning environments. Hyperpedagogy offers ways to incorporate transactional pedagogies into digital curricula so that learners throughout the United States pluralistic culture can participate in e-learning. Much of the hyperbole promoting e-learning is founded on social-efficiency pedagogies (i.e. preparing tomorrows workers for the information-based, new global economy)...

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Large-scale sensor networks have become a reality due to recent developments in sensor nodehardware and algorithms. Sensor networks can provide real-time information based on detectionand tracking. This information cannot be reliable if little is known about the sensor coverage of the network, which can be defined as the total sensing range of the network due to contributions from each sensor node. Knowledge about coverage can also be useful in determining if there is any gap in coverage in the ...

Computer Science and Applications

A problem solving environment (PSE) provides all computationalfacilities necessary for solving a target class of problemsefficiently. PSEs are used primarily for domain-specificproblem-solving in science and engineering and aim to ease the burdenof advanced scientific computing. Scientific problem solving, however,often involves the use of legacy resources which are difficult tomodify or port, and may be distributed on different machines. ExistingPSEs provide little support for solving such prob...

Chemistry

The MAO-B catalyzed metabolic bioactivation of the parkinsonian inducing agent 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to generate the neurotoxic 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium species (MPP+) is well documented. The N-cyclopropyl analog (CPTP) of MPTP is a mechanism based inactivator of MAO-B which presumably is processed by a single electron transfer (SET) pathway to generate a bioalkylating species. These results have prompted us to study how the cytochromes P450, the major liver drug...

Chemistry

As new family of composite materials, polyrotaxanes, polymers containing rotaxane units, have interested scientists world wide in last few decades because of their new properties. Crown ethers have been widely used as the cyclic component in various polyrotaxanes. However, due to significant loss of threaded cyclic during polymerization, the driving force for threading remains unidentified.To prevent threaded cyclics from slipping off the backbone during polycondensation, a diol blocking group (...

Biochemistry and Anaerobic Microbiology

<p>Inositol is important for normal growth and development in plants. The regulation of the inositol biosynthetic enzymes, <I>myo</I>-inositol phosphate synthase (MIPS) and <I>myo</I>-inositol monophosphatase (IMP) was investigated. The specific aims of this research were (1) to develop a tool to study MIPS protein accumulation in a model plant system, <I>Arabidopsis thaliana (At)</I> and potentiall...

Teaching and Learning

A Comparison of Health Risk Behaviors Among College Students Enrolled in a Required Personal Health Course vs. Enrolled in an Elective Personal Health Course<p>Theresa Michelle Enyeart Smith<p>ABSTRACT<p>Information on the overall health risk behaviors of college students is limited and it is unknown if being enrolled in an elective or a required health course affects behavior change among the students.<p>There are mixed reports on whether ...

Teaching and Learning

The transition from high school to college can be a difficult and stressful experience for a student-athlete. University athletic departments across the country, in conjunction with the office of student life, implement transition programs in an attempt to assist freshmen with their new environment. The purpose of this study was to determine a head coachs role in the transition process between high school and college of a freshman student-athlete. Furthermore, the study sought to address to what...