A. A. Soldatov, and I. A. Parfyonova

The character of oxygen tension distribution and peculiarities of cytochromes stoichiometry in skeletal muscles of bottom and pelagic species of marine fish were compared. It is shown, that the limitation of muscle activity increases the number of hypoxic zones in the muscle tissue. The mitochondrial electron-transporting chain then obtain the uncompensated type of organization, expressed in the increase of the share of the terminal complex aa3 on the background of general reduction of cytochrom...

WANG Xiaoqiu, and ZHANG Yongming

Fountains biofilm reactor was used for purification of fishing water.Goldfishes were cultured in clean water to investigate regularity of nitrogen and COD concentration increasing at first.Hereafter,two protocols,simple aeration and fountains biobilm reactor,were employed for the water purification,and compared with their impact on water quality improvement.The experimental results indicated that simply aeration was only achieved for NH⁺₄–N concentration decreasing,but tota...

Visioli Francesco, and Rise Patrizia, and Marangoni Franca, and Galli Claudio

Omega 3 fatty acids from fish appear to be more cardioprotective than equivalent amounts provided as capsules. We gave volunteers, for six weeks, either 100 g\\day of salmon, providing 383 mg of EPA and 544 mg of DHA or one or three capsules of fish oil\\day, providing 150 mg of EPA and 106 mg of DHA or 450 mg of EPA and 318 mg of DHA. We also re-evaluated data from a previous study carried out with the same design. Marked increments in plasma EPA and DHA concentrations (μg\\mg total lipid) and ...

Maché M., and Mouslim H., and Mervoyer L.

The object of the study is to present the first step of the development of a methodology that aims to merge the gap between meso scale and micro scale modelling. WRF simulations have been carried out in order to consider global wind conditions over a meso scale area of the future wind farm. A statistical analysis of the global wind data over several years has been carried out to initiate the work for the Saint Nazaire site. A focus was made on two wind regimes: the most common wind typical of t...

Süleyman Balık, and M. Ruşen Ustaoğlu, and Hasan M. Sarı, and Ali İlhan, and Esat T. Topkara

Sonal Ramrao Barde, and Ram Suresh Sakhare, and Sangameshwar Baburao Kanthale, and Prakash Gopaldas Chandak, and Prasad Govindrao Jamkhande

From medicinal point of view, marine environment is a diversified source of several biologically active compounds that are relatively untapped. Exploitation of marine resources may provide valuable leads which carry economic and scientific potential. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder and a major cause of mortality and morbidity in both developed and developing countries. Several antidiabetics are available but the major limitations of these synthetic drugs are cost, effectiveness and adverse...

Norman Joseph D, and Robinson Mike, and Glebe Brian, and Ferguson Moira M, and Danzmann Roy G

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies show that variation in salinity tolerance in Arctic charr and rainbow trout has a genetic basis, even though both these species have low to moderate salinity tolerance capacities. QTL were observed to localize to homologous linkage group segments within putative chromosomal regions possessing multiple candidate genes. We compared salinity tolerance QTL in rainbow trout and Arctic charr to those detected in a higher salin...

Katina Handeland, and Jannike Øyen, and Siv Skotheim, and Ingvild E. Graff, and Valborg Baste, and Marian Kjellevold, and Livar Frøyland, and Øyvind Lie, and Lisbeth Dahl, and Kjell M. Stormark

Abstract Background Fatty fish is the dominant dietary source of n-3 LCPUFAs but it also contains other micronutrients considered important for brain development and function. To our knowledge, the effect of fatty fish intake on cognitive function in adolescents has not been investigated in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) previously. The aim of the present trial was to investigate whether consumption of fatty fish meals three times per week for 12 weeks could alter attention performance in a...

Faria Khan M.D., and Frank Orson M.D., and Yoshiko Ogawa M.D., and Crystal Parker M.S., and Carla McGuire Davis M.D.

There is a paucity of data regarding prevalence and characteristics of adult seafood allergy in United States cohorts. This study was designed to determine the characteristics of patient-reported seafood allergy in a large allergy referral adult population. Retrospective analysis was performed of laboratory and clinical characteristics of seafood-allergic patients in three allergy clinics in the Texas Medical Center between January 1,1997 and January 30,2010. Of 5162 patients seen in this adult ...

MARCELO A.A. PINHEIRO, and MARCELO R. SOUZA, and LUCIANA C.M. SANTOS, and ROBERTO F.C. FONTES

ABSTRACT Ucides cordatus is a relevant fishery resource of Brazilian mangroves and requires legal normative to sustainable use based on stock assessment and management. This study evaluated some population parameters (structure, density, abundance, fishery potential and stock) of this crab species in Brazil Southeast (São Paulo, State), discussing the use of the results to delineate fishery management strategies. Density was monthly evaluated (September 1998 to August 1999), using five sample qu...

Genell Anna, and Jonasson Junmei, and Nemes Szilard, and Steineck Gunnar

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In epidemiological studies researchers use logistic regression as an analytical tool to study the association of a binary outcome to a set of possible exposures.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Using a simulation study we illustrate how the analytically derived bias of odds ratios modelling in logistic regression varies as a function of the sample size.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Logistic regression overestimates odds ratios in studies with small to moderate samples size. T...

Dellafiore, C. M., and Rouco, C., and Muñóz Vallés, S., and Gallego Fernández, J. B.

We studied habitat use by the wild European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in a coastal sand dune system in the south–western Iberian peninsula. Our goals were to define the use of this habitat by rabbits in relation to food and shelter availability between seasons. Rabbit density, food availability and refuge abundance were analysed using multiple regression analyses. We found that, independently of season, habitat selection was principally related to cover by the woody shrub Retama monosperma ...

De Bruyn Alexandre, and Villemot Julie, and Lefeuvre Pierre, and Villar Emilie, and Hoareau Murielle, and Harimalala Mireille, and Abdoul-Karime Anli L, and Abdou-Chakour Chadhouliati, and Reynaud Bernard, and Harkins Gordon W, and Varsani Arvind, and Martin Darren P, and Lett Jean-Michel

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a major food source for over 200 million sub-Saharan Africans. Unfortunately, its cultivation is severely hampered by cassava mosaic disease (CMD). Caused by a complex of bipartite cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMG) species (Family: <it>Geminivirideae</it>; Genus: <it>Begomovirus</it>) CMD has been widely described throughout Africa and it is apparent that CMG's are expanding their geographical distribution. Determining where an...

Lammertsma Adriaan A, and Huisman Marc C, and Boellaard Ronald, and Rozemuller Annemieke, and van Berckel Bart NM, and Foster Dingley Jessica C, and Folkersma Hedy, and Vandertop W Peter, and Molthoff Carla FM

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of the present study was to investigate microglia activation over time following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to relate these findings to glutamate release.</p> <p>Procedures</p> <p>Sequential dynamic <it>(R)</it>-[¹¹C]PK11195 PET scans were performed in rats 24 hours before (baseline), and one and ten days after TBI using controlled cortical impact, or a sham procedure. Extracellular fluid (ECF) glutamate concentrations were measured u...

Lemieux Claude, and Otis Christian, and Turmel Monique

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Streptophyta comprises all land plants and six groups of charophycean green algae. The scaly biflagellate <it>Mesostigma viride </it>(Mesostigmatales) and the sarcinoid <it>Chlorokybus atmophyticus </it>(Chlorokybales) represent the earliest diverging lineages of this phylum. In trees based on chloroplast genome data, these two charophycean green algae are nested in the same clade. To validate this relationship and gain insight into the ancestral state of...

Weli Simon, and Aamelfot Maria, and Dale Ole, and Koppang Erling, and Falk Knut

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV), a member of the <it>Orthomyxoviridae</it> family, infects and causes disease in farmed Atlantic salmon (<it>Salmo salar</it> L.). Previous studies have shown Atlantic salmon endothelial cells to be the primary targets of ISAV infection. However, it is not known if cells other than endothelial cells play a role in ISAV tropism. To further assess cell tropism, we examined ISAV infection of Atlantic salmon gill epithelial cells <it>in vivo<...

Ellis Alan R, and Vinson Nina, and Morrissey Joseph P, and Gaynes Bradley N, and Landis Suzanne E, and Domino Marisa E

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In most states, mental illness costs are an increasing share of Medicaid expenditures. Specialized depression care managers (CM) have consistently demonstrated improvements in patient outcomes relative to usual primary care (UC), but are costly and may not be fully utilized in smaller practices. A generalist care manager (GCM) could manage multiple chronic conditions and be more accepted and cost-effective than the specialist depression CM. We designed a pilo...

Cristiane F. Costa, and Roberto Sassi, and Fernanda D. Amaral

The seasonal dynamics of cell density and photosynthetic pigment contents of the zooxanthellae hosted by Montastrea cavernosa were investigated on coastal reefs off Picãozinho (06º42'05"/07º07'30"S and 34º48'37"/34º50'00" W), Northeast Brazil between September 1999 and 2000. A distinct pattern of these parameters was found: cell numbers were greater during the rainy season (autumn/winter) while photosynthetic pigments were greater during the dry season (summer). Both parameters showed drastic re...

R. J. E. Martins, and V. J. P. Vilar, and R. A. R. Boaventura

Because biosorption is a low cost and effective method for treating metal-bearing wastewaters, understanding the process kinetics is relevant for design purposes. In the present study, the performance of the aquatic moss Fontinalis antipyretica for removing cadmium and lead from simulated wastewaters has been evaluated. Five kinetic models (first-order, pseudo-first-order, Elovich, modified Ritchie second-order and pseudo-second-order) were fitted to the experimental data and compared. Previousl...

Stanis³aw R. Massel, and Richard M. Brinkman

An analytical approach was used to model the wave-induced set-up and flow through simple shoal geometry when water depth is a linear function of the distance. Two different approaches were applied to parameterize the energy dissipation due to wave breaking. The resulting set-up height and flow velocity were determined and their dependence on the geometry of the shoal and offshore forcing was demonstrated. The extension of the solution to a more complicated bathymetry and verification against...

Erilane de Castro Lima, and Tânia Lucia Montenegro Stamford

A criptosporidiose é uma doença de importância para a saúde pública. A via de transmissão do Cryptosporidium parvum é associada freqüentemente à contaminação de água. Porém, estudos epidemiológicos revelam que sua incidência no ambiente aquático é subestimada. A falta de método apropriado de detecção para a pesquisa dos oocistos em amostras de água contribui para isso. O artigo discute vários aspectos do tema, dentre eles, a ocorrência desse patógeno no ambiente aquático e os avanços nos métodos...

Marcelo O. Bordignon

From January to December 1999, the diet of Noctilio leporinus (Linnaeus, 1758) was determined in a salt-water ecosystem, by analysing the feces of bats captured in mist nets. Of the 61 samples analyzed, most contained remains of fish (90.2%), followed by insects (70.5%) and crustaceous (29.5%). The most frequent fishes species were: silversides Atherinella brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825), anchovies Cetengraulis edentulus (Cuvier, 1829) and scaly sardines Ophisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818)....

Hana Suzuki, and Van Ngan Phan

Ten enzymatic systems of skeletic muscle of four species of marine catfishes were analysed by Polyacrylamide flat gel electrophoresis. Out of 17 loci examined, six were polymorphic. The heterozygosities varied from 0.0018 to 0.0755, the proportions of polymorphic loci, from 0.0588 to 0.2353 and the genetic identities I of Nei, from 0.242 to 0.822. The degree of genetic identity among the species is illustrated by UPGMA dendrograms.<br>Dez sistemas enzimáticos do músculo esquelético de quatro esp...

F. E. Hopkins, and S. A. Kimmance, and J. A. Stephens, and R. G. J. Bellerby, and C. P. D. Brussaard, and J. Czerny, and K. G. Schulz, and S. D. Archer

The potential effect of ocean acidification (OA) on seawater halocarbons in the Arctic was investigated during a mesocosm experiment in Spitsbergen in June–July 2010. Over a period of 5 weeks, natural phytoplankton communities in nine ~ 50 m³ mesocosms were studied under a range of <i>p</i>CO₂ treatments from ~ 185 μatm to ~ 1420 μatm. In general, the response of halocarbons to <i>p</i>CO₂ was subtle, or undetectable. A large number of significant correlations wi...

Dmitrii N. Matorin, and Taras K. Antal, and Miros³awa Ostrowska, and Andrei B. Rubin, and Dariusz Ficek, and Roman Majchrowski

Using laboratory cultures of algae and natural phytoplankton populations from Nhatrang Bay (South China Sea), the relationship between the chlorophyll fluorescence <i>F</i>₀, the chlorophyll <i>a</i> concentration <i>C</i>_a and light absorption capacities of algae cells was studied. It is shown that the ratio <i>F</i>₀/<i>C</i>_a depends mainly on the species composition of the algae population; hence, the concentration <i>C</i>_a can ...

C. A. Grove, and J. Zinke, and T. Scheufen, and J. Maina, and E. Epping, and W. Boer, and B. Randriamanantsoa, and G.-J. A. Brummer

Coral cores provide vital climate reconstructions for site-specific temporal variability in river flow and sediment load. Yet, their ability to record spatial differences across multiple catchments is relatively unknown. Here, we investigate spatial linkages between four coral proxies of terrestrial runoff and their relationships between sites. Coral cores were drilled in and around Antongil Bay, the largest bay in Madagascar, and individually analysed for fifteen years of continuous luminescenc...

McDougall DJ, and Hoehns JD, and Feller TT, and Kriener SJ, and Witry MJ

Background: It has been estimated that 10,000 patient injuries occur in the US annually due to confusion involving drug names. An unexplored source of patient misunderstandings may be medication salt forms. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess patient knowledge and comprehension regarding the salt forms of medications as a potential source of medication errors. Methods: A 12 item questionnaire which assessed patient knowledge of medication names on prescription labels was admi...

Gustavo Goni, and Guillermo Podesta, and Otis Brown, and James Brown

Orbit error is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in studies of ocean dynamics using satellite altimeters. The sensitivity of GEOSAT mesoscale ocean variability estimates to altimeter orbit precision in the SW Atlantic is analyzed using three GEOSAT data sets derived from different orbit estimation methods: (a) the original GDR data set, which has the lowest orbit precision, (b) the GEM-T2 set, constructed from a much more precise orbital model, and (c) the Sirkes-Wunsch data set, derived...

Renata Maia, and Luiz G. S. Artioli, and Sandra M. Hartz

This study analyzed the diet and reproductive dynamics of Trachelyopterus lucenai Bertoletti, Pezzi da Silva & Pereira, 1995, an allochthonous fish species in the subtropical coastal lagoons of the Tramandaí River, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The fecundity of the species is described for the first time. Specimens were captured in the interconnected lagoons Itapeva, Quadros and Malvas, on a monthly basis, from November 2008 to April 2010, with gillnets of different mesh sizes. The food items ident...

Farid A Tabash B, and Emilier Guadamuz S

A first attempt to regulate the fishing activity while preserving the species and its habitats is presented for Hule lake. We intensively sampled the "guapote" between March 1996 and April 1997 using monofilament gill nets and a floating line, collecting 421 individuals. P. dovii biomass was relatively low; this species had a long life cycle (8-10 years) and the growth oscillation was low (C=0.3). Maximum life expectation was estimated at 12 years and the point of minimum growth coincided with t...

Marco A Retamal, and Hugo I Moyano

Sobre la base de 77 familias, más de 200 géneros y 431 especies que habitan aguas chilenas, se ha tratado de revelar el patrón zoogeográfico subyacente a estos taxa comparando áreas sobre la base del número de especies, géneros y familias que las comparten. Para obtener este patrón zoogeográfico se dividió la costa y las islas oceánicas en 16 áreas, que abarcan la mayor parte de la placa de Nazca, incluyendo la isla de Pascua, isla Salas y Gómez, islas Desventuradas y archipiélago de Juan Fernán...

P. Falco, and A. Belardinelli, and A. Santojanni, and N. Cingolani, and A. Russo, and E. Arneri

Fishery Observing System (FOS) was developed as a first and basic step towards fish stock abundance nowcasting/forecasting within the framework of the EU research program Mediterranean Forecasting System: Toward an Environmental Prediction (MFSTEP). The study of the relationship between abundance and environmental parameters also represents a crucial point towards forecasting. Eight fishing vessels were progressively equipped with FOS instrumentation to collect fishery and oceanographic data. Th...

N. R. Bates, and J. T. Mathis

At present, although seasonal sea-ice cover mitigates atmosphere-ocean gas exchange, the Arctic Ocean takes up carbon dioxide (CO₂) on the order of &minus;66 to &minus;199 Tg C year^&minus;1 (10¹² g C), contributing 5–14% to the global balance of CO₂ sinks and sources. Because of this, the Arctic Ocean has an important influence on the global carbon cycle, with the marine carbon cycle and atmosphere-ocean CO₂ exchanges sensitive to Arctic Oce...

Mara L. de Oliveira, and Lucianna L. Cabral, and Marcia C. A. M. Leite, and Mônica R. C. Marques

Resíduos plásticos gerados pelas atividades offshore da indústria de exploração e produção de óleo e gás, após caracterização por ensaio de identificação das classes poliméricas e análise térmica, foram pirolisados em atmosfera inerte a 450 °C. Os óleos pirolíticos foram caracterizados por espectrofotometria de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e cromatografia em fase gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG/EM), indicando a composição de parafinas, olefinas e aromáticos.<br...

Rosa Rodrigues, and Horacio Schneider, and Simôni Santos, and Marcelo Vallinoto, and Ulrich Sain-Paul, and Iracilda Sampaio

The acoupa weakfish (Cynoscion acoupa - Sciaenidae) is a marine species of croaker with estuarine-dependent behavior, found in the western Atlantic from Panama to Argentina. It is one of the most exploited food fish on the northern coast of Brazil. In this study, DNA sequences were determined from the entire control region (D-loop) of the mitochondrial genome of 297 individuals collected during seven different months between December 2003 and August 2005 on the northern coast of Brazil (Amapá an...

D. Nakanjako, and D. Kaye, and A. Kambugu, and E. Okello, and M. Kamya, and J. Tumwine, and H. Mayanja-Kizza

R. Bipat, and R.C. Soekhoe, and I. Magali, and J.A. Hasrat, and J.R. Toelsie, and D.R.A. Mans

K. Sileo, and M. Kintu, and S. Kiene

E. Robinson

Jennifer Antilla, and Leslie Wall, and Charles Atelu, and Veronica Muthee, and Nzisa Liku, and Nancy Puttkammer

Vittorio Palmieri, and Antonio Palermo

In patients with chronic heart failure (HF), it is unclear whether self-evaluation of HF-related symptoms and signs may contribute to the surveillance of clinical stability over time or the early identification of worsening HF.   Therefore, HF-related symptoms and signs, and compliance to therapy were investigated by a self-administrated questionnaire in patients hospitalized due to worsening HF (cases) as well in those with stable HF (controls).  The temporal interval of interest for the quest...

Cecile Olivier, and Jean-Marie Grosbois, and Alexis B. Cortot, and Sophie Peres, and Christophe Heron, and Julie Delourme, and Marianne Gierczynski, and Anne Hoorelbeke, and Arnaud Scherpereel, and Olivier Le Rouzic

Abstract Background Patients with advanced lung cancer (LC) or malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) exhibit limitation of exercise capacities and alteration of quality of life (QoL) induced by cancer and its treatment. Few studies assessed pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in these chemotherapy-treated patients, and none evaluated a home-based PR program. Methods In this prospective uncontrolled observational pilot study, patients treated by chemotherapy for LC or MPM were screened for a home-based ...

M. S. Payne, and J. A. Keelan, and L. F. Stinson

Abstract A recent publication by Lim et al. 2018 (Amniotic fluid from healthy term pregnancies does not harbor a detectable microbial community) strongly concluded that the microbiome of amniotic fluid primarily originates from reagent contamination. However, upon closer inspection of the methods used and data presented in this study, in particular the supplementary data, such conclusions do not appear to be supported by the results. We outline such methodological/data interpretation concerns an...

Dina H. Griauzde, and Jeffrey T. Kullgren, and Brad Liestenfeltz, and Caroline Richardson, and Michele Heisler

Abstract Background Rates of participation in Diabetes Prevention Programs (DPPs) are low. This may be due, in part, to low levels of autonomous motivation (i.e., motivation that arises from internal sources and sustains healthy behaviors over time) to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2DM) among many individuals with prediabetes. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies that incorporate principles from the Self-Determination Theory offer an effective and scalable approach to increase autonomous motivation ...

Pedro Mª Egea Bruno es Catedrático de Historia Contemporánea en la Universidad de Murcia. Pertenece a diferentes asociaciones y entidades científicas. Es Académico Correspondiente por Murcia de la Real Academia de la Historia. Su labor investigadora se ha traducido hasta el momento en un centenar de artículos en revistas científicas y 57 libros sobre temas de su especialidad, entre los que destacan: El distrito minero de Cartagena en torno a la Primera Guerra Mundial (1909-1923); La represión franquista en Cartagena (1939-1945); La política y los políticos en la Cartagena de Alfonso XIII (1902-1923); Apuntes para la historia del movimiento obrero en la industria naval de Cartagena (1898-1923); Cartagena. Imagen y memoria, una historia gráfica en cuatro tomos, y La enseñanza primaria en Cartagena durante la II República y la Guerra Civil (1931-1939). Es coautor – con Juan B. Vilar y Diego Victoria – de La minería murciana contemporánea I (1840-1930) y II (1930-1985) y de El movimiento obrero en el distrito minero de Cartagena-La Unión (1840-1930). A él corresponde el estudio de la Edad Contemporánea en la obra colectiva Manual de Historia de Cartagena. En la actualidad su obra se centra en II República, Guerra Civil y etapa franquista, avanzando en estudios sobre la economía, la política, la ideología, la cultura, la vida cotidiana, las emigraciones y la mujer.

The phenomenon of propaganda as an expression of collective persuasion is joined to the very birth of war clashes, turning into an instrument as effective as the own weapons. After its employment during World War I, the Spanish civil war will be its main field of experimentation. For this, all the available resources were used: books, leaflets, pamphlets, declarations to the press, radio communicates, documentary emission, posters, drawings and paintings. The occupation of the public space might...

Efrem S. Lim, and Cynthia Rodriguez, and Lori R. Holtz

Abstract Recent studies have conflicting data regarding the presence of intra-amniotic microbiota. Viral communities are increasingly recognized as important although overlooked components of the human microbiota. It is unknown if the developing fetus is exposed to a community of viruses (virome). Given the debate over the existence of an intra-amniotic microbial community and the importance of understanding how the infant gut is populated, we characterized the virome and bacterial microbiota of...

Marcus Haward

The pervasive nature of marine plastic pollution was highlighted at the recent United Nations Environment Assembly. This meeting saw strong commitments for action, but at the same time reinforced the challenges for contemporary ocean governance in addressing marine plastic pollution.

Şanslı Şenol, and Hülya Saygı

Korol AR, and Zborovska O, and Kustryn T, and Dorokhova O, and Pasyechnikova N

Andrii R Korol,1 Oleksandra Zborovska,2 Taras Kustryn,1 Oleksandra Dorokhova,2 Nataliya Pasyechnikova3 1Laser Department, 2Department of&nbsp;Inflammatory Pathology of the Eye, 3Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and&nbsp;Tissue Therapy, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential benefits of intravitreal aflibercept injections for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to chorioretiniti...

Edgar Alberto López-Acevedo, and Gabriel Aguirre-Guzmán, and María de la Luz Vázquez-Sauceda

The probiotics are products based on different microorganism strains, those products have evolved from a just simple mixture of active bacteria to products with specific properties of adherence, colonization, synergies, antibacterial activity, etc. Probiotic products for livestock and aquaculture production are designed with strains developed to operate under specific conditions and which need to be understood and taken into account by the producers because different results can be observed depe...