M. Hakan Kaykaç

Hao Lo Van, and Nesterenko Tamara

The paper presents a configuration of the modern personal navigation system and a new method of calculation of the distance traveled. The proposed navigation system is used to estimate a person’s position and consists of three micromechanical gyroscopes: two at the knee and one at the waist. The knee attached gyroscope gives the distance traveled information, and the waist attached gyroscope gives the heading information. During the leg movement, the angular displacements of knees repeat at each...

Dalton Tavares Bressane Nielsen

Spectrolebias brousseaui is described from a temporary pool from the upper río Mamoré basin, Departamento Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The new species is distinguished from all congeners, by the overall dark blue coloration on the posterior two-thirds of body with bright blue iridescent spots vertically aligned in males. Spectrolebias brousseaui differs from all other species of the genus, except S. filamentosus, for having pelvic fins separated by a space (vs. pelvic fins in contact), long filaments at...

Snell Howard L, and Marquez Cruz, and Hanley Torrance C, and Rosa Sabrina, and Russello Michael A, and Lanterbecq Deborah, and Glaberman Scott, and Steinfartz Sebastian, and Snell Heidi M, and Gentile Gabriele, and Dell'Olmo Giacomo, and Powell Alessandro M, and Caccone Adalgisa

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Marine iguanas (<it>Amblyrhynchus cristatus</it>) inhabit the coastlines of large and small islands throughout the Galápagos archipelago, providing a rich system to study the spatial and temporal factors influencing the phylogeographic distribution and population structure of a species. Here, we analyze the microevolution of marine iguanas using the complete mitochondrial control region (CR) as well as 13 microsatellite loci representing more than 1200 indivi...

Jones Brian M

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Guolin Qigong is a combination of meditation, controlled breathing and physical movement designed to control the vital energy <it>(qi)</it> of the body and consequently to improve spiritual, physical and mental health. Practice of Qigong has been reported to alter immunological function, but there have been few studies of its effects on cytokines, the key regulators of immunity.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Numbers of peripheral blood cytokine-secreting cells were d...

Anekwe Jennifer Ebele, and Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah, and Stuart Harrad

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a unique group of emerging environmental contaminants, due to their inherent ability to induce physiological effects in human at low doses. An increasing number of studies has confirmed the presence of various PPCPs in different environmental compartments, which raises concerns about the potential adverse effects to humans and wildlife. Therefore, this article reviews the current state-of-knowledge on PPCPs in the freshwater aquatic environm...

Wenbin Shen, and Ziyu Shen, and Rong Sun, and Yuri Barkin

According to the space-geodetic data recorded at globally distributed stations over solid land spanning a period of more than 20-years under the International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2008, our previous estimate of the average-weighted vertical variation of the Earth's solid surface suggests that the Earth's solid part is expanding at a rate of 0.24 ± 0.05 mm/a in recent two decades. In another aspect, the satellite altimetry observations spanning recent two decades demonstrate the sea level ...

Kerkhofs Lore, and Lamers Ilse, and Gijbels Domien, and Alders Geert, and Knippenberg Els, and Feys Peter

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Few research in multiple sclerosis (MS) has focused on physical rehabilitation of upper limb dysfunction, though the latter strongly influences independent performance of activities of daily living. Upper limb rehabilitation technology could hold promise for complementing traditional MS therapy. Consequently, this pilot study aimed to examine the feasibility of an 8-week mechanical-assisted training program for improving upper limb muscle strength and functio...

Braverman E, and Berezansky L

<p/> <p>For a delay difference equation <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1847-2006-082143-i1.gif"/></inline-formula>, <it>g</it>_<it>k</it>(<it>n</it>) &#8804; <it>n</it>, <it>K</it> > 0, a connection between oscillation properties of this equation and the corresponding linear equations is established. Explicit nonoscillation and oscillation conditions are presented. Positiveness of solutions is discussed.</p>

Martirosyan Liana, and Markhorst Joekie, and Denig Petra, and Haaijer-Ruskamp Flora M, and Braspenning Jozé

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Information on prescribing quality of diabetes care is required by health care providers, insurance companies, policy makers, and the public. Knowledge regarding the opinions and preferences of all involved parties regarding prescribing quality information is important for effective use of prescribing quality indicators.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Between June and December 2009 we conducted semi structured interviews with 16 key-informants representing eight diffe...

Crouse Kristin A, and Brys Emily E, and Charboneau Nicole L, and Cassady Bridget A, and Beitz Donald C, and Wilson Ted

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Low carbohydrate diets (LCDs) have been demonstrated to be effective tools for promoting weight loss and an improved plasma lipid profile. Such diets are often associated with increased meat consumption, either poultry, fish, and shellfish (PFS), which are generally high in polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) or red meats (RM), generally high in saturated fat (SFA). The fatty acid profile and content of a diet may influence the plasma lipid profile of humans. This stu...

Dupuis Jennifer, and Chenon M., and Faure S., and Razan F., and Gloriant T.

Titanium alloys are used in several fields such as aerospace industry or biomedical. They are increasingly used in marine applications, a highly corrosive environment. We chose titanium alloys for their good properties such as high mechanical strength, low density and excellent corrosion resistance. This study is focused on titanium alloys potentially interesting to be used in marine transports, and mainly for the boats fittings such as a winch for example.

H. J. Dowsett, and M. M. Robinson, and K. M. Foley

The thermal structure of the mid-Piacenzian ocean is obtained by combining the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping Project (PRISM3) multiproxy sea-surface temperature (SST) reconstruction with bottom water temperature estimates from 27 locations produced using Mg/Ca paleothermometry based upon the ostracod genus <i>Krithe</i>. Deep water temperature estimates are skewed toward the Atlantic Basin (63% of the locations) and represent depths from 1000 m to 4500 m. This reconstruc...

Abdulfattah, S., and Usup, G., and Ahmad, A.

I. Hernández-Carrasco, and C. López, and A. Orfila, and E. Hernández-García

Coastal transport in the Bay of Palma, a small region in the island of Mallorca, Spain, is characterized in terms of Lagrangian descriptors. The data sets used for this study are the output for two months (one in autumn and one in summer) of a high resolution numerical model, ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System), forced atmospherically and with a spatial resolution of 300 m. The two months were selected because of their different wind regime, which is the main driver of the sea dynamics in this ar...

Juan F. Bernasconi, and María Raquel Perier, and Edgardo E. Di Giácomo

Abstract The catch per unit of effort (CPUE) data of cockfish, Callorhinchus callorynchus, during 1986-2011 was evaluated for the bottom trawl fishery of the San Matías gulf (Patagonia, Argentina). The objective of this work was to detect what are the factors related to fishery dynamic that affect catch rate of cockfish and to assess standardized CPUE by General linear models (GLMs) and General linear mixed models (GLMMs) as a relative abundance index. The annual trend of the catch rate indicate...

Gabriela Boggio

El propósito de esta presentación es mostrar la aplicación de modelos estadísticos en un estudio sobre las implicancias de los condicionantes socioeconómicos en el Chagas connatal realizado en Rosario. A fin de indagar diferencias socioeconómicas y culturales en embarazadas del Hospital Roque Sáenz Peña según la condición de infectada o no infectada, se adoptó un diseño de casos (154) y controles (158). Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística con la intención de valorar la importancia de lo...

Popović Željka, and Gajić Ivanka, and Obradović-Đuričić Kosovka, and Milošević Dragoslav P.

Background/Aim. Quality of life related to health should be seen as a multidimensional concept that, in addition to the physical symptoms associated with a disease and treatment, should include physical, psychological and social functioning of a person. The primary objective of this study was to use the Serbian preliminary version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire in oder to examine the consistency, reliability and stability, as well as an intr...

Elisabete de Santis Braga

In an oligotrophic coastal zone, land drainage and atmospheric precipitation can temporarily modify the concentrations of specific dissolved compounds in local surface waters, mainly nutrient salts, setting up conditions for "new" primary production of phytoplankton. The Ubatuba region (23º30'S -45º06'W) is considered an oligo-mesotrophic region subject to a high average annual precipitation (- 2,000 mm). The small rivers flowing into Palmas' Inlet present outflow patterns linked to the precipit...

C. E. Morris, and D. C. Sands, and C. Glaux, and J. Samsatly, and S. Asaad, and A. R. Moukahel, and F. L. T. Gonçalves, and E. K. Bigg

Various features of the biology of the rust fungi and of the epidemiology of the plant diseases they cause illustrate the important role of rainfall in their life history. Based on this insight we have characterized the ice nucleation activity (INA) of the aerially disseminated spores (urediospores) of this group of fungi. Urediospores of this obligate plant parasite were collected from natural infections of 7 species of weeds in France, from coffee in Brazil and from field and greenhouse-grown ...

Vanessa Guimarães Lopes, and Christina Wyss Castelo Branco, and Ana Carolina Monteiro Iozzi Dias

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer a dieta natural de espécies residentes no reservatório de Ribeirão das Lajes (RJ), sendo realizada a análise do conteúdo estomacal de peixes capturados por meio de redes de espera, em duas épocas distintas. Na caracterização da dieta alimentar, foram calculados a freqüência de ocorrência de itens e o percentual de abundância de cada item na dieta. Foram registradas 11 espécies, representando cerca de 62% delas inventariadas para o reservatório, sendo as espéc...

Pere J. Ferrando, and Eliseo Chico

Una de las ventajas teóricas de los modelos de la teoría de respuesta&#xD; al ítem (TRI) es que las estimaciones de los niveles en el rasgo son más&#xD; precisas (en términos de información) que cualquier otro tipo de puntuación.&#xD; Sin embargo, no está claro aún que el uso de estas estimaciones más&#xD; precisas permita mejorar la validez externa con respecto a la validez&#xD; obtenida con las puntuaciones directas. Se presentan algunos resultados&#xD; basados en el modelo logístico de dos pa...

Patrícia Ferreira Silvério, and Cristina Gonçalves, and Satie Taniguchi, and Sylvia Niemeyer Pinheiro Lima

Technical evaluation of analytical data is of extreme relevance considering it can be used for comparisons with environmental quality standards and decision-making as related to the management of disposal of dredged sediments and the evaluation of salt and brackish water quality in accordance with CONAMA 357/05 Resolution. It is, therefore, essential that the project manager discusses the environmental agency's technical requirements with the laboratory contracted for the follow-up of the analys...

Rydlewska A, and Krzysztofik J, and Libergal J, and Rybak A, and Banasiak W, and Ponikowski P, and Jankowska EA

Agnieszka Rydlewska,1,2 Justyna Krzysztofik,3 Julia Libergal,3 Agata Rybak,3 Waldemar Banasiak,1 Piotr Ponikowski,1,2 Ewa A Jankowska1,21Centre for Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland; 2Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; 3Student&rsquo;s Scientific Organization, Laboratory for Applied Research on Cardiovascular System, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, PolandBackground: Treatment of heart failure (HF) requires th...

M.A. Terra, and E. Negrisoli, and C.A. Carbonari, and L.R. Cardoso, and D. Martins

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de alguns herbicidas no controle de Polygonum lapathifolium. O experimento foi instalado e conduzido no Núcleo de Pesquisas Avançadas em Matologia, pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP - Botucatu-SP. Plantas de P. lapathifolium foram coletadas no rio Tietê e cultivadas em caixas d'água de fibra de vidro de 0,6 x 0,6 x 0,45 m, contendo 15 cm de solo. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: 2,4-D amina a 720 a 1.440 g e.a. ha-1; diqua...

P. Fabian, and R. Rollenbeck, and N. Spichtinger, and L. Brothers, and G. Dominguez, and M. Thiemens

Regular rain and fogwater sampling in the Podocarpus National Park, on the humid eastern slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes, along an altitude profile between 1960 and 3180 m, has been carried out since 2002. The samples, accumulated over about 1-week intervals, were analysed for pH, conductivity and major ions (K⁺, Na⁺, NH₄⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl^&amp;minus;, SO₄^2&amp;minus;, NO₃<sup>&amp;minus;</...

Jarvie Daniel M, and Mango Frank D

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Marine shales exhibit unusual behavior at low temperatures under anoxic gas flow. They generate catalytic gas 300° below thermal cracking temperatures, discontinuously in aperiodic episodes, and lose these properties on exposure to trace amounts of oxygen. Here we report a surprising reversal in hydrocarbon generation. Heavy hydrocarbons are formed before light hydrocarbons resulting in wet gas at the onset of generation grading to dryer gas over time. The effect is moderate u...

Kasahara Masahiro, and Kato Yutaka, and Ueda Shin-ichiro, and Haruyama Yoshihiro, and Makino Yoichi, and Shimizu Mayumi, and Hoshina Ryo, and Ono Bun-ichiro, and Imamura Nobutaka

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We performed an environmental study of viruses infecting the symbiotic single-celled algae of <it>Paramecium bursaria </it>(<it>Paramecium bursaria Chlorella </it>virus, PBCV) in Lake Biwa, the largest lake in Japan. The viruses detected were all <it>Chlorella variabilis </it>virus (CvV = NC64A virus). One of them, designated CvV-BW1, was subjected to further characterization.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>CvV-BW1 formed small plaques and had a linear DNA genome of 3...

Kirubi Beatrice, and Kipruto Hillary, and Woods Naomi, and Mauch Verena, and Sitienei Joseph, and Klinkenberg Eveline

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The poor face geographical, socio-cultural and health system barriers in accessing tuberculosis care. These may cause delays to timely diagnosis and treatment resulting in more advanced disease and continued transmission of TB. By addressing barriers and reasons for delay, costs incurred by TB patients can be effectively reduced. A Tool to Estimate Patients' Costs has been developed. It can assist TB control programs in assessing such barriers. This study pre...

Kurniawan Dwi Ely, and Janah Nur Zahrati, and Wibowo Ari, and Mufida Mir'atul Khusna, and Prasetyawan Purwono

Most people in Batam hinterland work as a fisherman. The process of the fishery product distribution, however, is inefficient. The absence of marketplace causes fishermen's difficulty in selling their fishery products. This sales and distribution problem can be mediated using our web application. This research attempts to facilitate customer to customer (C2C) transaction by providing fishery products information via text messages. The SMS gateway is deemed to be the best alternative in a rural a...

Yaqin Li, and Shannon L. Meseck, and Mark S. Dixon, and Gary H. Wikfors

Abstract The East River tidal strait, located between New York Harbor and Western Long Island Sound, is characterized by high suspended silt concentrations with low organic content kept in suspension by intense tidal currents. Inorganic nutrients, including nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and phosphate, were high even during the summer. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations generally were above 20 µM and did not likely limit phytoplankton growth. Despite high nutrient concentrations, medi...

Md. Suzaul Islam, and Yanrong Zhang

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyze the potential of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) to mainstream consideration of climate change adaptation (CCA) in Bangladesh, particularly for the coastal zone, to improve disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies in this region. Continuing climate risks require adaptation at all levels of society. The densely populated and resource-rich coastal zone of Bangladesh is at risk to the impacts of climate change. Design/methodology/approach -...

Alberto Olivares, and Omar Hernando Avila-Poveda

Sophie Hardy, and Sabina Fattah, and Torben Wisborg, and Lasse Raatiniemi, and Trine Staff, and Marius Rehn

Erratum The original article [1] contains an error whereby all authors’ names were mistakenly interchanged. The original article has now been corrected to present the authors’ names correctly.

O. R. Chaparro, and J. A. Montory, and C. J. Segura, and V. M. Cubillos, and L. P. Salas-Yanquin, and R. J. Thompson

Abstract The brooding gastropod Crepipatella dilatata can feed by scraping the substrate with the radula and by suspension-feeding, which also requires use of the radula. There is a “division of labour” for the radula among three discrete tasks associated with feeding: (1) removing mucous balls from the food pouch; (2) transferring the mucous cord from the neck channel to the mouth (both components of suspension-feeding); (3) scraping the substrate. We hypothesised that the proportion of time us...

Jun Tan, and Yijuan Chen, and Lin Wang, and Ta-Chien Chan, and Said Amer, and Xiaobin Xu, and Jian Cai, and Wei Li, and Xiaoqing Zheng, and Mi Zhou, and Shuwen Qin, and Na Zhao, and Ziping Miao, and Shelan Liu

Abstract Background To examine the epidemiological trends and changes of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and the potential risk factors for severe infection in the Zhejiang eastern coastal area of China. Methods We analyzed statutory hepatitis E cases notifications and inpatient data held by the national surveillance and hospital information systems in Wenzhou, Taizhou, Ningbo, and Zhoushan cities of the Zhejiang eastern coastal area of China. Results Nine thousand four hundred sixteen hepatit...

Paula Augusto Taunde, and Fernando Froner Argenta, and Ronaldo Michel Bianchi, and Bianca Santana de Cecco, and Andréia Vielmo, and Bruna Corrêa Lopes, and Franciele Maboni Siqueira, and Caroline Pinto de Andrade, and Gustavo Geraldo Medina Snel, and Claudio Severo Lombardo de Barros, and Luciana Sonne, and Saulo Petinatti Pavarini, and David Driemeier

ABSTRACT: This study described the epidemiological, clinical, pathological and bacteriological aspects of Mannheimia haemolytica pleuropneumonia in goats associated with shipping stress. Forty goats transported from the Northeast to the Southern region of Brazil died during shipment, or 2-3 days after unloading. Clinical signs included dyspnea, mucopurulent nasal discharge, and coughing. All goats were necropsied, and multiple tissues were collected for histopathological analysis and involved a...

Raphaël Morard, and Marie-José Garet-Delmas, and Frédéric Mahé, and Sarah Romac, and Julie Poulain, and Michal Kucera, and Colomban de Vargas

Abstract Since the advent of DNA metabarcoding surveys, the planktonic realm is considered a treasure trove of diversity, inhabited by a small number of abundant taxa, and a hugely diverse and taxonomically uncharacterized consortium of rare species. Here we assess if the apparent underestimation of plankton diversity applies universally. We target planktonic foraminifera, a group of protists whose known morphological diversity is limited, taxonomically resolved and linked to ribosomal DNA barco...

Dafne Marcelle de Almeida Ramos Campos, and Adna Ferreira da Silva, and Natalice dos Santos Sales, and Ronnie Enderson Mariano Carvalho Cunha Oliveira, and Andre Luiz Machado Pessanha

Abstract The present study deals with the temporal variations in diet and the trophic guilds of dominant fish species on a tidal mudflat during the dry and rainy seasons. We sought to classify the diet composition of 17 species in the Mamanguape river estuary, northeastern Brazil, identifying the dominant food components and evaluating the effects of seasonality on the guild organization. Diets varied little between species and seasons, though they seemed to be more heterogeneous during the rain...

Puigagut J., and Chazarenc F., and Comeau Y.

The influence of tubificid worms on nutrient translocation from water to fish farm sediments accumulating in settling ponds was addressed under laboratory conditions. Small microcosms of 0.5 L were filled up with 35 g of sludge from a fish farm settling pond and 0.15 L of filtered settling pond water. The experimental set up consisted of one control line (no worms added), a second experimental line with 1 mg of tubificid worms·g-1 fresh sediment (550 individuals·m-2) and a third experim...

G Rivera-Velázquez, and L.A Soto, and I.H Salgado-Ugarte, and E.J Naranjo

The growth, mortality and migration pattern of the population of Litopenaeus vannamei Boone 1931 in the Carretas-Pereyra coastal lagoon system, Mexico, were studied. The shrimp spatial distribution and abundance were analyzed in relation to salinity, water temperature, and substrate. A total of 2 669 shrimps was collected at 22 sites sampled monthly from March 2004 to August 2005. Juvenile shrimps of L. vannamei were present in the coastal lagoon system throughout the year, reaching densities fr...

Løvoll Marie, and Austbø Lars, and Jørgensen Jorunn B, and Rimstad Espen, and Frost Petter

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Relative quantification using RT-qPCR is a widely used method for transcription profiling. Transcript levels of target genes in fish after experimental infection is often reported without documentation of stably transcribed reference genes. We present results demonstrating that transcription of typically used reference genes in Atlantic salmon is not stable during experimental infection with salmon pancreas disease virus (SPDV). Transcript levels 0 to 6 weeks after challenge r...

Tchouassi David P, and Quakyi Isabella A, and Addison Ebenezer A, and Bosompem Kwabena M, and Wilson Michael D, and Appawu Maxwell A, and Brown Charles A, and Boakye Daniel A

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Malaria is a major public health problem in Ghana. We present a site-specific entomological study of malaria vectors and transmission indices as part of an effort to develop a site for the testing of improved control strategies including possible vaccine trials.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Pyrethrum spray catches (PSC), and indoor and outdoor human landing collections of adult female anopheline mosquitoes were carried out over a six-month period (November 2005 - Ap...

Lee Yong-Seok, and Park Shin-Ju, and Hwang Ui

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The phylogenetic position of pycnogonids is a long-standing and controversial issue in arthropod phylogeny. This controversy has recently been rekindled by differences in the conclusions based on neuroanatomical data concerning the chelifore and the patterns of <it>Hox </it>expression. The mitochondrial genome of a sea spider, <it>Nymphon gracile </it>(Pycnogonida, Nymphonidae), was recently reported in an attempt to address this issue. However, <it>N. gracil...

Mengfei Lei, and Qijie Wang, and Xiaoli Liu, and Bing Xu, and Hongqiang Zhang

The ocean tide can cause the redistribution of the seawater mass, resulting in earth's surface deformation, namely ocean tidal loading (OTL). OTL vertical displacement may reach several centimeters, especially in coastal areas, so its effect in the field of high precision geodesy must be considered. This study concentrates on the influences of OTL on InSAR deformation measurements. We improve the osu.chinasea.2010 regional model and then compare the improved regional model with other regional mo...

Abhijit A Karmarkar, and Deepak Dwivedi, and Vidhu Bhatnagar, and Vibhu P. S. Raghuvanshi, and Ashish Chauhan, and Shatabdi Chakraborty

Context: An analytical pilot study was conducted prospectively to ascertain the efficacy of a new method of throat packing “Flange Slide Pack Technique” (FSPT) in patients undergoing nasal, faciomaxillary, and oral surgeries. Aim: To compare the conventional technique of throat packing guided by direct laryngoscopy with FSPT where the Macintosh laryngoscope blade is used as aid for throat packing. Settings and Design: A comparative observational pilot study was conducted at a tertiary care hos...

Pastin Pushpa Rani Peter, and Vathsala Sadan

Background/Objectives: A pilot study was conducted with an aim to evaluate the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching program (VATP) on knowledge and attitude regarding screening of mental illnesses among leaders of women self-help groups in selected blocks of Tiruchirappalli District. Methods: A true experimental design (pretest posttest control group) was chosen with the scope of improving the internal validity of the study. Multistage random sampling was used to select a sample of 30 partic...

Oh S, and Shida T, and Sawai A, and Maruyama T, and Eguchi K, and Isobe T, and Okamoto Y, and Someya N, and Tanaka K, and Arai E, and Tozawa A, and Shoda J

Sechang Oh,1 Takashi Shida,1 Akemi Sawai,1 Tsuyoshi Maruyama,2 Kiyoshi Eguchi,2 Tomonori Isobe,1 Yoshikazu Okamoto,3 Noriko Someya,4 Kiyoji Tanaka,4 Emi Arai,1 Akiko Tozawa,5 Junichi Shoda1 1Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty&nbsp;of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 2Department of Rehabilitation, Tsukuba University Hospital, 3Department of Diagnostic Radiology, 4Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 5Protea Japan Co Ltd, Chiyo...

Smolek MK, and Notaroberto NF, and Jaramillo AG, and Pradillo LR

Michael K Smolek,1 Neil F Notaroberto,1,2 Arley G Jaramillo,1,2 Lisa R Pradillo1,2 1CLEVER Eye Institute, 2EyeCare 20/20, Slidell, LA, USA Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a combination of vitamins B6, B9, and B12 is an effective intervention for reducing the signs and symptoms of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Ten subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 20 eyes) with clinically diagnosed mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy we...

Caio Cesar-Ribeiro, and Maria Fernanda Palanch-Hans

In this work, the chronic toxicity of a mixture of light-stick chemicals and water was tested. The light-stick is used in fishery activities to catch swordfish. The tubes were collected on the beaches of the Costa dos Coqueiros - BA, Brazil, in the period from 14th to 31st July 2007. The method used was a short chronic toxicity test where embryos of the sea urchins Echinometra lucunter and Lytechinus variegatus were exposed to a stock solution consisting of the supernatant formed from a mixture ...