Hsiu-Hsia Lin, and Lun-Jou Lo

By incorporating three-dimensional (3D) imaging and computer-aided design and manufacturing techniques, 3D computer-assisted technology has been applied widely to provide accurate guidance for assessment and treatment planning in clinical practice. This technology has recently been used in orthognathic surgery to improve surgical planning and outcome. The modality will gradually become popular. This study reviewed the literature concerning the use of computer-assisted techniques in orthognathic ...

You Song, and Brit Salbu, and Hans-Christian Teien, and Lene Sørlie Heier, and Bjørn Olav Rosseland, and Tore Høgåsen, and Knut Erik Tollefsen

Potential environmental hazards of radionuclides are often studied at the individual level. Sufficient toxicogenomics data at the molecular/cellular level for understanding the effects and modes of toxic action (MoAs) of radionuclide is still lacking. The current article introduces transcriptomic data generated from a recent ecotoxicological study, with the aims to characterize the MoAs of a metallic radionuclide, deplete uranium (DU) in an ecologically and commercially important fish species, A...

Pamela L Barrios, and Ruth Argelia Vázquez-Salas, and Lizbeth López-Carrillo, and José A Menezes-Filho, and Luisa Torres-Sánchez

Objective. This study determined the main dietary sources of urinary Mo concentrations in a sample of 124 pregnant women in Mexico. Materials and methods. Dietary data was collected during pregnancy, through a semi-qualitative food frequency questionnaire, with information of 84 foods. Urine Mo levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, for at least two trimesters of pregnancy. The associations with Mo levels were estimated by generalized mixed effect regression models. Results. B...

Jochen eNuester, and Stefan eVogt, and Matt eNewville, and Adam B Kustka, and Benjamin S Twining

The elemental composition of phytoplankton can depart from canonical Redfield values under conditions of nutrient limitation or production (e.g., N fixation). Similarly, the trace metal metallome of phytoplankton may be expected to vary as a function of both ambient nutrient concentrations and the biochemical processes of the cell. Diazotrophs such as the colonial cyanobacteria Trichodesmium are likely to have unique metal signatures due to their cell physiology. We present metal (Fe, V, Zn, N...

Ana Claudia Swarça, and Ana Lucia Dias, and Alberto Sergio Fenocchio

The objective of this study was to cytogenetically analyze Phractocephalus hemioliopterus comparing the findings with other data to infer relationships among Pimelodidae species. The results revealed a diploid number of 2n = 56 and the karyotype composed of 16 metacentric, 20 submetacentric, 6 subtelocentric and 14 acrocentric chromosomes (FN = 98). The Ag-NORs, 18S rDNA and CMA3 signals were coincident in location occupying the short arm of an acrocentric chromosome pair (23th...

J. C. P. Hemmings, and P. G. Challenor, and A. Yool

Biogeochemical ocean circulation models used to investigate the role of plankton ecosystems in global change rely on adjustable parameters to capture the dominant biogeochemical dynamics of a complex biological system. In principle, optimal parameter values can be estimated by fitting models to observational data, including satellite ocean colour products such as chlorophyll that achieve good spatial and temporal coverage of the surface ocean. However, compreh...

Mona M Rashed, and Alemayehu Bekele

INTRODUCTION: Cancer of the cervix uteri is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. The association of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with cervical carcinogenesis is well documented. This is a pilot study aiming to studying the prevalence and the pattern of Human Papilloma Virus Type 16 (HPV16) by immunostaining in the tissues of cervical carcinomas of Ethiopian women. METHODS: 20 specimens of uterine cervical carcinomas were studied histopathologically and immunohistochemical...

B. Gantt, and N. Meskhidze

Knowledge of the physical characteristics and chemical composition of marine organic aerosols is needed for the quantification of their effects on solar radiation transfer and cloud processes. This review examines research pertinent to the chemical composition, size distribution, mixing state, emission mechanism, photochemical oxidation and climatic impact of marine primary organic aerosol (POA) associated with sea-spray. Numerous measurements have shown that both the ambient mass concentration ...

Lavinia Fiorentino, and John R McQuaid, and Lianqi Liu, and et al

Lavinia Fiorentino1, John R McQuaid2, Lianqi Liu3, Loki Natarajan4, Feng He4, Monique Cornejo3, Susan Lawton3, Barbara A Parker6, Georgia R Sadler5, Sonia Ancoli-Israel31Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 2Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; 3Department of Psychiatry, 4Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, 5Department of Surgery, Universit...

Lavoie KL, and Moullec G, and Lemiere C, and Blais L, and Labrecque M, and Beauchesne MF, and Pepin V, and Cartier A, and Bacon SL

Kim L Lavoie,1–3 Gregory Moullec,1,2,4 Catherine Lemiere,2 Lucie Blais,2 Manon Labrecque,2 Marie-France Beauchesne,2 Veronique Pepin,2,4 André Cartier,2 Simon L Bacon1,2,41Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, 2Research Centre, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal – A University of Montreal Affiliated Hospital, Montréal, 3Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM), Succursale Center-Ville, Montreal, 4Department of Exercise ...

Walid Al-Deeb, and Roopi Sascha Dua, and Rudi Borgstein, and John Firth

<p>We report the case of a 34-year-old previously fit and healthy male who presented to the accident &amp; emergency department with non-specific abdominal pain. The patient proceeded to undergo laparotomy at which a large mass was found adjacent to the stomach. The impression at surgery was of a lymphoma or gastric carcinoma though CT had reported the likelihood of a fish bone or foreign body causing duodenal perforation. Histology later confirmed the presence of a fish bone surrounded by react...

S.A. Thornton, and Dudin, and S.E. Page, and C. Upton, and M.E. Harrison

Tropical peat swamp forests provide important ecosystem services, ranging from carbon storage and fire prevention to fish provision. In the Sebangau catchment of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, we completed the first detailed spatial and temporal assessments of local fish biodiversity in peat swamp forest and blackwater river habitats. Monthly environmental and fish data were collected over a 15-month period in both riverine and forest habitats. This resulted in a species list of 55 species from ...

J. G. Porter, and W. De Bruyn, and E. S. Saltzman

<p>Deposition to the sea surface is a major atmospheric loss pathway for many important trace gases, such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂). The air–sea transfer of SO₂ is controlled entirely on the atmospheric side of the air–sea interface due to high effective solubility and other physical–chemical properties. There have been few direct field measurements of such fluxes due to the challenges associated with making fast-response measurements of highly soluble trace gases at ve...

M. Wall, and F. Ragazzola, and L. C. Foster, and A. Form, and D. N. Schmidt

Cold-water corals are important habitat formers in deep-water ecosystems and at high latitudes. Ocean acidification and the resulting change in aragonite saturation are expected to affect these habitats and impact coral growth. Counter to expectations, the deep water coral <i>Lophelia pertusa</i> has been found to be able to sustain growth even in undersaturated conditions. However, it is important to know whether such undersaturation modifies the skeleton and thus its ecosystem functioning. Her...

Sebastiano Tusa

Underwater archaeology in the Mediterranean should be based on a comprehensive, deep knowledge of a wide context of cultural environment. It is impossible to carry out an in-depth study of a specific wreck or site without having an overall cultural as well as historical perspective. It is, in fact, quite clear to everybody that even the most faraway shores of the Mediterranean were connected by means of a dense network of sea routes based on a rich trade throughout the centuries. But underwater ...

C. W. Stjern, and C. W. Stjern, and H. Muri, and L. Ahlm, and L. Ahlm, and L. Ahlm, and O. Boucher, and J. N. S. Cole, and D. Ji, and A. Jones, and J. Haywood, and B. Kravitz, and A. Lenton, and J. C. Moore, and J. C. Moore, and J. C. Moore, and U. Niemeier, and S. J. Phipps, and H. Schmidt, and S. Watanabe, and J. E. Kristjánsson, and J. E. Kristjánsson

Here we show results from Earth system model simulations from the marine cloud brightening experiment G4cdnc of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). The nine contributing models prescribe a 50 % increase in the cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) of low clouds over the global oceans in an experiment dubbed G4cdnc, with the purpose of counteracting the radiative forcing due to anthropogenic greenhouse gases under the RCP4.5 scenario. The model ensemble median ef...

C. Schoof, and A. D. Davis, and T. V. Popa

We consider the flow of marine-terminating outlet glaciers that are laterally confined in a channel of prescribed width. In that case, the drag exerted by the channel side walls on a floating ice shelf can reduce extensional stress at the grounding line. If ice flux through the grounding line increases with both ice thickness and extensional stress, then a longer shelf can reduce ice flux by decreasing extensional stress. Consequently, calving has an effect on flux through the grounding li...

G. Jiang, and J. Xu, and S. J. Franke

Wind data collected by the Maui meteor radar (20.75&deg; N, 156.43&deg; W) are used to study the 8-h tide in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region at a low-latitude station. The data set spans the time interval from 19 May 2002 to 24 May 2007. Our results show that the 8-h tide is a regular and distinct feature over Maui. The meridional component of this wave is significantly larger than the zonal component. The meridional component exhibits a semiannual variation in amplitude...

C. Litty, and F. Schlunegger, and W. Viveen

To determine possible controls on sediment grain properties, 21 coastal rivers located along the entire western Peruvian margin were analysed. This represents one of the largest grain size dataset that has been collected over a large area. Modern gravel beds were sampled along a north–south transect on the western side of the Peruvian Andes where the rivers cross the tip of the mountain range, and at each site the long <i>a</i> axis and the intermediate <i>b</i> axis of about 500 pebbles w...

Arunkumar Shetty, and Mididodi Venkateshwarlu, and Murugan Muralidharan

The fish assemblage and diversity in relation to water quality of three coastal rivers Sita, Swarna and Varahi of Udupi district, Karnataka, India was studied. 71 species representing 7 orders, 20 families and 41 genera were recorded from 21 sites along the three rivers. Species composition varied longitudinally in relation to the environmental factors of the habitat. The downstream change in the three rivers indicates that fish assemblage changed with increasing loss of riparian canopy cover an...

T. Jarníková, and J. Dacey, and M. Lizotte, and M. Levasseur, and P. Tortell, and P. Tortell, and P. Tortell

We present seawater concentrations of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) measured across a transect from the Labrador Sea to the Canadian Arctic Archipelago during summer 2015. Using an automated ship-board gas chromatography system and a membrane-inlet mass spectrometer, we measured a wide range of DMS (∼ 1 to 18 nM) and DMSP (∼ 1 to 150 nM) concentrations. The highest DMS and DMSP concentrations occurred in a localized region of Baffin Bay, where surface waters...

Íris Sampaio, and Frank Stokvis, and Leen P. van Ofwegen

Alcyonium rubrum Stokvis &amp;amp; van Ofwegen, 2006, an encrusting soft coral (Figure 1), was described from the Northeast Atlantic Ocean based on specimens collected during the Dutch CANCAP VII Expedition to the Cape Verde Archipelago (Stokvis &amp;amp; van Ofwegen 2006). This species was later reported from the Azores (Braga-Henriques et al. 2013).A review on the taxonomic literature of octocorals by the first author revealed the existence of a species described from Scandinavia under the sam...

Rhona Kayra Stuart, and Bianca eBrahamsha, and Brian ePalenik

Deg-family proteases are a periplasm-associated group of proteins that are known to be involved in envelope stress responses and are found in most microorganisms. Orthologous genes SYNW2176 (in strain WH8102) and sync_2523 (strain CC9311) are predicted members of the Deg-protease family and are among the few genes induced by copper stress in both open ocean and coastal marine Synechococcus strains. In contrast to the lack of a phenotype in a similar knockout in Synechocystis PCC6803, a SYNW2176...

K. Spilling, and K. G. Schulz, and A. J. Paul, and T. Boxhammer, and E. P. Achterberg, and T. Hornick, and S. Lischka, and A. Stuhr, and R. Bermúdez, and J. Czerny, and K. Crawfurd, and C. P. D. Brussaard, and H.-P. Grossart, and U. Riebesell

About a quarter of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions are currently taken up by the oceans, decreasing seawater pH. We performed a mesocosm experiment in the Baltic Sea in order to investigate the consequences of increasing CO₂ levels on pelagic carbon fluxes. A gradient of different CO₂ scenarios, ranging from ambient ( ∼  370 µatm) to high ( ∼  1200 µatm), were set up in mesocosm bags ( ∼  55 m³). We determined standing stocks and temporal changes of total ...

Johnatas Adelir Alves, and Leonardo Schlögel Bueno, and Diogo Augusto Moreira, and Alberto Teodorico Correia, and Alberto Teodorico Correia

The coast of the state of Santa Catarina only has non-biogenic reefs, i.e. rocky and artificial reefs, and is considered the geographic south limit for many reef fish species. At present the diversity of organisms associated with reef environments is threatened. This study aimed to record the number of families and species of reef fish fauna of the north coast of the state of Santa Catarina. The data were collected through underwater visual census performed on Graças archipelago (26°12'S /48º29'...

M AIT BOULAHSEN, and H CHAIRI, and A LAGLAOUI, and A ARAKRAK, and S ZANTAR, and M BAKKALI, and M HASSANI

Fish and seafood processing industries generate large quantities of waste which are at the origin of several environmental, economic and social problems. However fish waste could contain high value-added substances such as biopolymers. This work focuses on optimizing the gelatin and chitosan extraction from tilapia fish skins and shrimp shells respectively. The gelatin extraction process was optimized using alkali acid treatment prior to thermal hydrolysis. Three different acids were tested at d...

Cho JinHo, and Yoo JongSang, and Ahn JungHyun, and Kim InHo

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of spray dried plasma protein (SDPP) and fermented (L. acidophilus and B. licheniformis) fish meals on nitrogen (N) balance and ileal nutrient digestibility of weanling pigs. Sixteen crossbred [(Landrace &times; Yorkshire) &times; Duroc] nursery pigs (8.58 &plusmn; 0.32 kg) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula at the distal ileum. The dietary treatments were: 1) FM (5% unfermented fish meal), 2) FFA (5% fermented fish meal with L. acidophi...

Brown Emma, and Bachmann Daniel, and Cranston Michael, and de Leeuw Annemargreet, and Boelee Leonore, and Diermanse Ferdinand, and Eilander Dirk, and de Bruijn Karin, and Weerts Albrecht, and Hazlewood Caroline, and Beckers Joost

Flood managers have traditionally used probabilistic models to assess potential flood risk for strategic planning and non-operational applications. Computational restrictions on data volumes and simulation times have meant that information on the risk of flooding has not been available for operational flood forecasting purposes. In practice, however, the operational flood manager has probabilistic questions to answer, which are not completely supported by the outputs of traditional, deterministi...

Zubcov E., and Biletchi L., and Philipenko E., and Ungureanu L.

The biomass of plants from the Cuciurgan cooling reservoir of the Moldovan Thermal Power Plant is dependent on the reservoir thermofication and bore considerable modifications. The contents of many metals in aquatic plants were highly correlated with their contents in water: r=0,87-0,91. The dynamics of trace element accumulation depends on seasonal factors. From the beginning of spring to the end of summer and beginning of autumn, the concentrations of trace elements increased by large incremen...

Mónica C Botero, and Juan C Pineda, and Natalia Gallego

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la reversión sexual por inmersión de ovas de tilapia roja (Oreochromis spp.) clasificadas por estadíos de fertilización (color de ovas claras y oscuras) a diferentes hormonales 0, 800 y 1200 &mu;g de 17 &#945;- Metil Testosterona (17&#945;MT/L) por litro de agua. El trabajo fue realizado en la estación piscícola de la Universidad de Antioquia, midiendo como variables: proporción sexual, porcentaje de eclosión, sobrevivencia en larva y alevinaje, peso final...

Darren Mays, and Sarah E. Murphy, and Andrea C. Johnson, and John D Kraemer, and Kenneth P Tercyak

Background Science to determine the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels can inform decisions about warning label implementation and adjustments to their contents to maximize impact. This pilot study builds from earlier research on plain cigarette packaging to examine the feasibility of a method for determining the impact of pictorial warnings among smokers. Methods The study was a prospective, within-subjects pilot trial where smokers ages 18–30 (n = 10) were exposed to pictorial warni...

Magdalena Pop - Trajkova Lazarevska, and Marija Zdraveska, and Deska Dimitrievska, and Linda Kaljee, and Alexander Plum, and Amanda Holm, and Irena Horvat, and Marija Horvat, and Simona Dimitrievska, and Stefan Dimitrievski, and Michael Simoff

Introduction Aims and objectives: Ascertain a basic understanding of the prevalence of tobacco use and policies in representative municipalities in Macedonia. Methods We conducted a windshield survey of six predefined regions in Macedonia with diverse socio-economic, geographic, and environmental characteristics. Windshield surveys are a qualitative research tool for rapid systematic collection of observational data. A project-specific community-based formative research toolkit was created with...

C Sarasquete, and E Gisbert, and L Ribeiro, and L Vieira, and Mt Dinis

and the gastric glands of larvae/postlarvae (from hatching until 45 days posthatching) of three fish species (two teleostean and a chondrostean) were investigated using conventional histochemical methods (periodic acid schiff –PAS-, diastase-PAS; alcian blue pH 0.5, 1 and 2.5) in order to distinguish neutral and acidic (carboxylated and sulphated) glycoconjugates, as well as bromophenol blue reaction for identification of proteins. Additionally, the presence and distribution of sugar residues in...

K. H. Salmon, and P. Anand, and P. F. Sexton, and M. Conte

Oligotrophic regions represent up to 75% of Earth's open-ocean environments. They are thus areas of major importance in understanding the plankton community dynamics and biogeochemical fluxes. Here we present fluxes of total planktonic foraminifera and 11 planktonic foraminifer species measured at the Oceanic Flux Program (OFP) time series site in the oligotrophic Sargasso Sea, subtropical western North Atlantic Ocean. Foraminifera flux was measured at 1500 m water depth, over two ~ 2.5-year int...

Gilha Yoon, and Hisham Al-Adawi, and Andrew Shinn

The prevalence and intensity of polyopisthocotylean monogeneans on the gills of three commercially important species of sparid caught in Omani coastal waters close to the city port of Muscat were determined and compared. Throughout May 2012 to April 2013, infections on bi-weekly samples of the soldier seabream, Argyrops filamentosus (Valenciennes, 1830), the king soldier seabream, Argyrops spinifer (Forsskål, 1775), and, the silver seabream, Rhabdosargus sabra were evaluated. From a total of 200...

V Koohdar, and V Razavilar

Fish is considered as highly perishable food which spoils soon after death if not preserved properly. Consumption of spoiled fish results in the outbreaks of food poisoning such as histamine poisoning. Biogenic amines are the causative agents of histamine poisoning which are produced by various bacterial species. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of histamine and to identify the histamine-producing bacteria onfrozen Longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) hunted from south of Iran. Micro...

Juan Miao, and Xin Wang, and Yunchang Fan, and Jing Li, and Lina Zhang, and Guitao Hu, and Can He, and Can Jin

A mercury(II) ion-selective electrode with an ionic liquid (IL), 1-methyl-2-butylthioimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide ([C1C4Sim]NTf2) as active material was constructed. Parameters affecting the performance of the electrodes such as the dosages of the IL and carbon nanotubes and the aqueous pH values were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the optimal composition of the electrode filling material was 47.6% [C1C4Sim]NTf2, 47.6% tetrabutylphosphonium bis(trifluorometh...

S. Solomon, and M.R. Ramprasanth, and F. Baby, and B. Pereira, and J. Tharian, and A. Ali, and R. Raghavan

This study presents fundamental information on the reproductive biology of Puntius denisonii, an endemic and threatened aquarium fish of the Western Ghats Hotspot. Results are based on the observations from three river systems, Chandragiri, Valapattannam and Chaliyar. Maximum observed total length in P. denisonii was 162mm and 132mm for males and females, respectively. Males attained sexual maturity at a lower size than females with mean size at first maturity determined as 85.33 plus or minus 1...

D. Doxaran, and J. Ehn, and S. Bélanger, and A. Matsuoka, and S. Hooker, and M. Babin

Climate change significantly impacts Arctic shelf regions in terms of air temperature, ultraviolet radiation, melting of sea ice, precipitation, thawing of permafrost and coastal erosion. Direct consequences have been observed on the increasing Arctic river flow and a large amount of organic carbon sequestered in soils at high latitudes since the last glacial maximum can be expected to be delivered to the Arctic Ocean during the coming decade. Monitoring the fluxes and fate of this terrigenous o...

Enas A Enas, and T S Dharmarajan

Seema Sood, and Anjan Mukherjee, and Manju Bala, and Gita Satpathy, and Neeraj Mahajan, and Anjana Sharma, and Arti Kapil, and Vinod Kumar Sharma, and Ravindra Mohan Pandey, and Jyotish Chandra Samantaray

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common bacterial etiology of sexually transmitted infection. Aim : A pilot study was designed using PCR for amplification and detection of a specific 517 bp sequence of the common endogenous plasmid of C. trachomatis from clinical swab specimens obtained from symptomatic female patients attending STD clinics of AIIMS and Regional STD Teaching, Training & Research Center, Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi. Methods: 97 patients were recruited in the study...

L. M. Wehrmann, and N. J. Knab, and H. Pirlet, and V. Unnithan, and C. Wild, and T. G. Ferdelman

Cold-water coral ecosystems are considered hot-spots of biodiversity and biomass production and may be a regionally important contributor to carbonate production. The impact of these ecosystems on biogeochemical processes and carbonate preservation in associated sediments were studied at Røst Reef and Traenadjupet Reef, two modern (post-glacial) cold-water coral reefs on the Mid-Norwegian shelf. Sulfate and iron reduction as well as carbonate dissolution and precipitation were investigated by co...

Dexter W. dela Cruz, and Peter L. Harrison

Abstract Reef-building corals have essential roles in reef ecosystems but are highly susceptible to disturbances. Increasing anthropogenic disturbances are eroding coral community resilience, leading to declining reef ecosystem function and status globally. Successful reproduction and recruitment are essential for restoring coral populations but recruitment-limitation can constrain recovery. We supplied ~400,000 Acropora tenuis larvae in fine-mesh enclosures on each of four larval-enhancement pl...

Wei Wu, and Heran Deng, and Nanyan Rao, and Na You, and Yaping Yang, and Minghui Cao, and Jieqiong Liu

Abstract Background The response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) varies by estrogen receptor (ER) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) statuses, with responses being lower in ER-positive, HER2-negative tumors as compared with ER-negative, HER2-positive or triple-negative tumors. Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET) is an attractive alternative to NAC for ER-positive, HER2-negative cancer. However, a prior trial comparing NET with standard NAC in ER-positive tumor showed that the ...

Claire L. Ross, and James L. Falter, and Malcolm T. McCulloch

Abstract Coral calcification is dependent on both the supply of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and the up-regulation of pH in the calcifying fluid (cf). Using geochemical proxies (δ11B, B/Ca, Sr/Ca, Li/Mg), we show seasonal changes in the pHcf and DICcf for Acropora yongei and Pocillopora damicornis growing in-situ at Rottnest Island (32°S) in Western Australia. Changes in pHcf range from 8.38 in summer to 8.60 in winter, while DICcf is 25 to 30% higher during summer compared to winter (×1.5 t...

Hammad Tariq Janjuhah, and Abubaker Alansari, and Deva Prasad Ghosh, and Yasir Bashir

Microporosity is recognized as a significant concern in limestone reservoirs throughout the world because it presence can highly complicate the hydrocarbon estimation and production. Numerous studies around the globe emphasises on the physical appearance, occurrence, and abundance of microporosity, but no published study has been emphasises on the presence of microporosity in Miocene carbonate reservoirs. Miocene carbonates from Central Luconia, offshore Sarawak, Malaysia, contains a significant...

Sarah Usher, and Richard P. Haslam, and Noemi Ruiz-Lopez, and Olga Sayanova, and Johnathan A. Napier

The global consumption of fish oils currently exceeds one million tonnes, with the natural de novo source of these important fatty acids forming the base of marine foodwebs. Here we describe the first field-based evaluation of a terrestrial source of these essential nutrients, synthesised in the seeds of transgenic Camelina sativa plants via the heterologous reconstitution of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway. Our data demonstrate the robust nature of this no...

István Czeglédi, and Alex Sándor Nagy

Tributary confluences play an important role in the dispersal of organisms, and consequently, in shaping regional scale diversity in stream networks. Despite their importance in dispersal processes, little is known about how ecological assemblages are organized in these habitats. We studied the scales of variability of stream fish assemblages over three seasons using a hierarchical sampling design, which incorporated three tributaries, three sites at the mouth of each tributary and using four sa...

Kay I. Ohshima, and Takatoshi Takizawa, and Shuki Ushio, and Toshiyuki Kawamura

Under the Japanese Antarctic Climate Research (ACR) program, year-round oceanographic observations were conducted in the vicinity of Lutzow-Holm Bay, during 1990-1992. It was found that the thickness of the Winter Water (WW) layer, characterized by a cold fresh oxygen-rich water, exhibits its maximum in the austral fall (typically 500m) and its minimum in the austral summer (typically 350-400m). The associated density variation of the water column explains only about one third of the seasonal va...

Mithad Kozličić, and Josip Faričić, and Sanda Uglešić

The paper analyses Senjski peljar pilot book from 1639. It was the first pilot written in Croatian and also the first nautical and geographical description of the coast along the foot of the Velebit Mountain from Senj to Novsko ždrilo. Senjski peljar provided seamen with a concise outline of basic geographic characteristics relevant for terrestrial navigation planning along the Velebit Littoral. The research of the original pilot and its comparative analysis with the descriptions of the Velebit ...