Zhichao eZhou, and Huiluo eCao, and Ping eHan, and Ji-Dong eGu

Communities of methanogens, anaerobic methanotrophic (ANME) archaea and aerobic methantrophic bacteria were compared by profiling mcrA and pmoA genes encoded by methyl-coenzyme M reductase alpha subunit and particulate methane monooxygenase alpha subunit, respectively, in sediments of northern South China Sea (nSCS) and Mai Po mangrove wetland. Community structures representing by mcrA gene based on 12 clone libraries from nSCS showed separate clusters indicating niche specificity, while, Methan...

S. A. Jokinen, and J. J. Virtasalo, and T. Jilbert, and J. Kaiser, and O. Dellwig, and H. W. Arz, and J. Hänninen, and L. Arppe, and M. Collander, and T. Saarinen

<p>The anthropogenically forced expansion of coastal hypoxia is a major environmental problem affecting coastal ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles throughout the world. The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed shelf sea whose central deep basins have been highly prone to deoxygenation during its Holocene history, as shown previously by numerous paleoenvironmental studies. However, long-term data on past fluctuations in the intensity of hypoxia in the coastal zone of the Baltic Sea are largely l...

Janina Šyvokienė, and Liongina Micknienė

The hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial diversity of the intestinal tract content of fish – the Baltic cod (Gadus morhua), plaice (Platichthys flesus) and the Baltic herring (Clupea harengus) – from the Baltic Sea has been investigated by molecular methods: DNA extraction, amplification polymerase chain reaction product and sequencing of partial 16S rRNA genes. The results of this study show that dense total heterotrophic bacterial populations occur in the intestinal tract of investigated fish. T...

Ulikowski Dariusz, and Chybowski Łucjan, and Traczuk Piotr

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of filamentous algae on the growth and survival of juvenile narrow-clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus (Esch.), in rearing basins. Three stocking variants were used: A - basins with a layer of filamentous algae without imitation mineral substrate; B - basins with a layer of filamentous algae with imitation mineral substrate; C - basins without filamentous algae but with mineral substrate. The crayfish were reared from June 12 to October 10 und...

Pour Fatemeh Karimi, and Puig Vicenç, and Ocampo-Martinez Carlos

This paper proposes two different health-aware economic predictive control strategies that aim at minimizing the damage of components in a pasteurization plant. The damage is assessed with a rainflow-counting algorithm that allows estimating the components’ fatigue. By using the results obtained from this algorithm, a simplified model that characterizes the health of the system is developed and integrated into the predictive controller. The overall control objective is modified by adding an extr...

Santoro M., and Morales J.

Wądrzyk Łukasz, and Nosiadek Leszek, and Staszkiewicz Robert

Purpose. The aim of the study was to distinguish the kinematic indicators influencing the average horizontal velocity of swimming (vCOM) with underwater dolphin kicks (UDK). Methods. The study involved 15 boys and 20 girls (mean age, 11.5 ± 1.00 years; height, 1.57 ± 0.09 m; training experience, 2.5 ± 1.00 years) practicing swimming 7 times a week. We determined the body height (H), the length of the body with the arms lifted (Lb), and the best result in the 50-m freestyle (pbt); characteristic ...

R. von Glasow, and R. von Glasow, and M. G. Lawrence, and R. Sander, and P. J. Crutzen, and P. J. Crutzen

The chemical evolution of the exhaust plumes of ocean-going ships in the cloud-free marine boundary layer is examined with a box model. Dilution of the ship plume via entrainment of background air was treated as in studies of aircraft emissions and was found to be a very important process that significantly alters model results. We estimated the chemical lifetime (defined as the time when differences between plume and background air are reduced to 5% or less) of the exhaust plume of a single...

Nelson Violante-Carvalho, and Rafael B. Paes-Leme, and Domenico A. Accetta, and Frederico Ostritz

The SWAN wave model is widely used in coastal waters and the main focus of this work is on its application in a harbor. Its last released version - SWAN 40.51 - includes an approximation to compute diffraction, however, so far there are few published works that discuss this matter. The performance of the model is therefore investigated in a harbor where reflection and diffraction play a relevant role. To assess its estimates, a phase-resolving Boussinesq wave model is employed as well, together ...

Br, and S, and Jossen S, and Holsboer-Trachsler E, and Pühse U, and Gerber M

Serge Brand,1,2,* Stefanie Jossen,2,* Edith Holsboer-Trachsler,1 Uwe P&uuml;hse,2 Markus Gerber21Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), 2Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Sport Science Section, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland*These authors contributed equally to this work and share the first authorshipBackground: Prevalence rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have increased dramatically in the last two decades....

Juliana de Jesus Ferreira, and Aline Fernanda Perez Machado, and Rogério Tacani, and Maria Elisabete Salina Saldanha, and Pascale Mutti Tacani, and Richard Eloin Liebano

A síndrome pré-menstrual é um complexo de sintomas - dentre os quais o edema pré-menstrual - entre o 10o e o 14o dias que antecedem a menstruação e cessam no início do fluxo menstrual. A técnica de drenagem linfática manual (DLM) drena o excesso de líquido acumulado, atua no edema e poderia aliviar esses sintomas. O objetivo deste estudo piloto foi verificar o efeito da DLM no alívio dos sintomas da síndrome pré-menstrual e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em quatro mulheres jovens. O est...

P. L. Munday, and V. Hernaman, and D. L. Dixson, and S. R. Thorrold

Calcification in many invertebrate species is predicted to decline due to ocean acidification. The potential effects of elevated CO₂ and reduced carbonate saturation state on other species, such as fish, are less well understood. Fish otoliths (earbones) are composed of aragonite, and thus, might be susceptible to either the reduced availability of carbonate ions in seawater at low pH, or to changes in extracellular concentrations of bicarbonate and carbonate ions caused by acid-base ...

L.A.P. Vieira, and A.L.P. Freitas, and J.P.A. Feitosa, and D.C. Silva, and G.S.B. Viana

Bryothamnion seaforthii, a red alga common to the Northeastern coast of Brazil, was used to prepare the protein fraction F0/60 by ammonium sulfate precipitation. The chromatography of F0/60 on DEAE-Sephadel column resulted in two lectin fractions, PI and PII, which have antinociceptive properties in rodents. We determined the antinociceptive activity of the PII fraction and of a carbohydrate-containing fraction (CF) in mice. The CF was prepared from the dried algae, after digestion with 100 mM s...

José Carmen Ramírez Ramírez, and José Inés Ibarra, and Francisco Arce Romero, and Petra Rosas Ulloa, and José Armando Ulloa, and Keiko Shirai Matsumoto, and Belinda Vallejo Cordoba, and Miguel Ángel Mazorra Manzano

The aim of the present study was to produce fish silage by lactic acid fermentation and evaluate its use in feeding of quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). An oven-dried mixture of fish silage and soybean meal (1:1 w/w) was used to prepare the diets with different levels of inclusion (0, 10, 20 and 30%) and evaluate its effect on the performance and meat quality of 160 quails. The inclusion level did not affect the growth and feed conversion ratio. The carcass yield (70.3%) and sensory quality o...

Sakr FM, and Gado AMI, and Mohammed HR, and Adam ANI

Farouk M Sakr,1 Ali MI Gado,2 Haseebur R Mohammed,2 Abdel Nasser Ismail Adam3 1Department of Pharmaceutics, 2Departments of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 3Department of Biology, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Background: The variable success of topical minoxidil in the treatment of androgenic alopecia has led to the hypothesis that other pathways could mediate this form of hair loss, including infection and/or microinf...

Yinett M Reverol, and José G Delgado, and Yajaira G de Severeyn, and Héctor J Severeyn

The marine clam,Tivela mactroides ,from Caño Sagua beach,Venezuela,was spawned and reared under laboratory conditions to monitor its early development.Spawning was spontaneous but in some cases it had to be induced by the additon of eggs and sperm.After fertilization,the embryonic development occurred at 5 hr approximately. Trochophore larvae were observed between eight and ten hours later.Straight-hinged veliger stage appeared 15 hr after fertilization.Transition from veliger stage to the umbo ...

Rege Ujjwala, and Tilve G, and Juvale I, and Jayakar V, and Nair K

A case of fresh fish poisoning, most probably ciguatera, is reported. A brief review of the literature is presented.

M. Garcin, and J. F. Desprats, and M. Fontaine, and R. Pedreros, and N. Attanayake, and S. Fernando, and C. H. E. R. Siriwardana, and U. De Silva, and B. Poisson

The devastating impact of the tsunami of 26 December 2004 on the shores of the Indian Ocean recalled the importance of knowledge and the taking into account of coastal hazards. Sri Lanka was one of the countries most affected by this tsunami (e.g. 30 000 dead, 1 million people homeless and 70% of the fishing fleet destroyed). Following this tsunami, as part of the French post-tsunami aid, a project to establish a Geographical Information System (GIS) on coastal hazards and risks was funded. This...

Josefin Sveen, and Kristina Bondjers, and Mimmie Willebrand

Background: To date there is a lack of studies assessing the psychometric properties of the recently revised PTSD Checklist (PCL), the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). The aim of this pilot study was to examine the psychometric properties of the PCL-5 in parents of children with burns. Methods: The participating parents (N=62, mean age=38) completed self-report questionnaires, 0.8–5.6 years after their child's burn. Measures were the PCL-5, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Montgom...

Segun Michael Adelana, Ph.D.

Angel López-Candales, and Antonio J. Sotolongo-Fernandez, and Francisco López Menéndez, and Maria D. Candales

In this retrospective study 420 echocardiograms from a single center were reviewed showing that TAPSE was acquired in 66% while TA TDI s’ signals were recorded in 98% of all echocardiograms. Based on these results greater efforts are required to standardize acquisition and reporting of objective measurements of RV function. Keywords: Echocardiography, Right ventricular dysfunction, TAPSE, Tricuspid annulus, M-mode, Tissue doppler imaging

Gaëlle Quéré, and Anne-Leila Meistertzheim, and Robert S. Steneck, and Maggy M. Nugues

Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are major benthic calcifiers that play crucial roles in marine ecosystems, particularly coral reefs. Over the past two decades, epizootics have been reported for several CCA species on coral reefs worldwide. However, their causes remain often unknown in part because few studies have investigated CCA pathologies at a microscopic scale. We studied the cellular changes associated with two syndromes: Coralline White Band Syndrome (CWBS) and Coralline White Patch Diseas...

Carlos Carbonel

A 1 1/2 reduced-gravity model is proposed to study the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic features of the coastal upwelling area of Cabo Frio (Rio de Janeiro-Brazil). The vertical structure of the model is described by an active layer overlaying a deep inert layer where the pressure gradient is set to zero. For the upper layer, the model includes the turbulent version of the momentum. continuity and heat equations. The conservation of heat is represented by a transport equation to describe the therm...

Z. Tian, and D. Jiang

Mid-Holocene ocean and vegetation feedbacks over East Asia are investigated by a set of numerical experiments performed with the version 4 of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4). With reference to the pre-industrial period, most of the mid-Holocene annual and seasonal surface-air temperature and precipitation changes are found to result from a direct response of the atmosphere to insolation forcing, while dynamic ocean and vegetation modulate regional climate of East Asia to some extent....

HAWIS H. MADDUPPA, and BEGINER SUBHAN, and ENY SUPARYANI, and ACHIS M. SIREGAR, and DONDY ARAFAT, and SUKMARAHARJA A. TARIGAN, and ALIMUDDIN, and DENNY KHAIRUDI, and FADHILLAH RAHMAWATI, and ADITYA BRAMANDITO

Madduppa HH, Subhan B, Suparyani E, Siregar AM, Arafat D, Tarigan SA, Alimuddin, Khairudi D, Rahmawati F, Bramandito A. 2013. Dynamics of fish diversity across an environmental gradient in the Seribu Islands reefs off Jakarta. Biodiversitas 14: 17-24. The reefs of Seribu Islands have been affected by multitude of anthropogenic pressures. However, the biodiversity of reef fishes across the archipelago linked to environmental condition is poorly known. This study aimed to investigate the biodivers...

Sarah de Souza Alves Teodoro, and Maria Lúcia Negreiros-Fransozo, and Sabrina Morilhas Simões, and Mateus Lopes, and Rogerio Caetano da Costa

Luciferid shrimps have short life spans and a rapid turnover of generations, engage in sequential spawning, and protect their eggs during incubation. This study investigates the ecology of Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915 in the littoral zone, Ubatuba region, São Paulo. Sampling was conducted monthly from July 2005 to December 2006 using a Renfro net trawled over a distance of 50 m for a total sampling effort of 50 m² at each station. Nine stations were sampled, ranging from 1 to 15 m deep. Three...

A. S. Drouet, and D. Docquier, and G. Durand, and R. Hindmarsh, and F. Pattyn, and O. Gagliardini, and T. Zwinger

Marine ice-sheet stability is mostly controlled by the dynamics of the grounding line, i.e. the junction between the grounded ice sheet and the floating ice shelf. Grounding line migration has been investigated within the framework of MISMIP (Marine Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project), which mainly aimed at investigating steady state solutions. Here we focus on transient behaviour, executing short-term simulations (200 yr) of a steady ice sheet perturbed by the release of the buttressing re...

Norma Segatti Hahn, and Valdirene Esgarbosa Loureiro Crippa, and Rosemara Fugi

This study analyzed the diet of seven small-sized fish species (Characidae) and assessed their use of food resources. The species were collected in 2001 from nine ponds with aquatic macrophytes in the Paraná river floodplain, Brazil. <em>Astyanax altiparanae</em>, <em>Astyanax fasciatus</em>, <em>Hemigrammus marginatus</em> and <em>Moenkhausia intermédia</em> consumed aquatic and terrestrial insects. <em>Bryconomericus stramineus</em> and <em>Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae</em> co-dominantly ate i...

Matthew J Spanier

Leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) nest on dynamic, erosion-prone beaches. Erosive processes and resulting nest loss have long been presumed to be a hindrance to clutch survival. In order to better understand how leatherbacks cope with unstable nesting beaches, I investigated the role of beach erosion in leatherback nest site selection at Playa Gandoca, Costa Rica. I also examined the potential effect of nest relocation, a conservation strategy in place at Playa Gandoca to prevent ne...

Naveed Akhtar, and Barkat A Khan, and Tariq Mahmood, and Rashida Parveen, and Mughal Qayum, and Masood Anwar, and Shahiq-uz-zaman, and Muhammad Farooq

Purpose : This study was designed to formulate and evaluate the anti-sebum secretion effects of a topical skin-care cream (w/o emulsion) of sea buckthorn versus its vehicle (Base) as control. Materials and Methods : Concentrated sea buckthorn (H.rhamnoides) fruit extract was entrapped in the inner aqueous phase of w/o emulsion. Base containing no extract and a Formulation containing 1% concentrated extract of H.rhamnoides was formulated. Lemon oil was incorporated to the odor. Both the Base and ...

Niyonkuru C., and Lalèyè P.A.

Acadjas are artificial systems aimed at enhancing fish production by providing additional substrata for development of plants and animals upon which the fish will feed. This study aims to evaluate the impact of acadjas on fish assemblages and on conservation of the fish fauna diversity in Lake Nokoué in Benin. Between June 2003 and September 2004, experimental acadjas were installed and monitored. Fish samples were obtained from two areas of Lake Nokoué (Ganvié and Zogbo stations) withi...

Chakree Tongraung, and Manee Vittayanont, and Sureeporn Kangsanant

The mechanical properties of cleaned cuttlefish mantle (Sepia brevimana) before and after spinning in cold salt solution were characterized by tensile and shear test. The objective was to relate the physical changes of the cuttlefish mantle to the composition and microstructure changes mediated by spinning in 5 % (w/v) NaCl solution at 0-(-5)0C for 10 min. Textural difference between outer and inner surface of the cleaned mantle was revealed by the tensile force applied to transverse direction o...

Erika da Silva Maciel, and Luciana Kimie Savay-da-Silva, and Júlia Santos Vasconcelos, and Juliana Antunes Galvão, and Jaqueline Girnos Sonati, and Dirceu da Silva, and Marília Oetterer

The objective of this research was to use the technique of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for the adequacy of a tool for the assessment of fish consumption and the characteristics involved in this process. Data were collected during a campaign to encourage fish consumption in Brazil with the voluntarily participation of members of a university community. An assessment instrument consisting of multiple-choice questions and a five-point Likert scale was designed and used to measure the importan...

D. N. Green, and R. Thompson

The relationship between Mediterranean precipitation and North Atlantic and European sea level pressure fields has been studied using statistical techniques to investigate the variability within the data. A principal component analysis shows the major winter precipitation variability is described by a see-saw fluctuation between the Western and Eastern Mediterranean. The pressure-precipitation relationships indicate that a highly variable, pressure region situated to the south of Britain dominat...

KUSUMO WINARNO, and WIRYANTO, and INDROWURYATNO, and AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN, and ARI SUSILOWATI

The study was intended to observe the vegetation composition and structure of mangrove plants on southern and northern coast of Central Java Province. This research was conducted in July till December 2003, at 20 sites. Laboratory assay was done in Laboratory of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, and Central Laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University (UNS) Surakarta. Data was collected by using belt transect method, from coast line into...

Georg Steinert, and Michael W. Taylor, and Peter Deines, and Rachel L. Simister, and Nicole J. de Voogd, and Michael Hoggard, and Peter J. Schupp

Sponges (phylum Porifera) are important members of almost all aquatic ecosystems, and are renowned for hosting often dense and diverse microbial communities. While the specificity of the sponge microbiota seems to be closely related to host phylogeny, the environmental factors that could shape differences within local sponge-specific communities remain less understood. On tropical coral reefs, sponge habitats can span from shallow areas to deeper, mesophotic sites. These habitats differ in terms...

Armando Adolfo Ortega Salas

Development of white shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> in small ponds ( 6 m3 ) in fresh water (2-3‰ ) and seawater; ponds 3.66 x 1.65 x 1.0 m; availability of fresh water, sea water, aeration and drainage. Two cycles of three months each were made. The postlarvae were acclimated to seawater fresh water in four days. Four hundred postlarvas/m3 were seeded in freshwater pond and 500 in the pool of seawater. First, a culture of <i>Daphnia magna</i> in the freshwater pond, also appeared chyronomid ...

Hee Jong Choi

In the present study, a hydrodynamic hull-form optimization algorithm for a container ship was presented in terms of the minimum wave-making resistance. Bell-shaped modification functions were developed to modify the original hull-form and a sequential quadratic programming algorithm was used as an optimizer. The wave-making resistance as an objective function was obtained by the Rankine source panel method in which non-linear free surface conditions and the trim and sinkage of the ship were ful...

Zachary B. Hancock, and Janelle A. Goeke, and Mary K. Wicksten

Diadumene lineata (Actiniaria: Diadumenidae) is a prolific invader of coastal environments around the world. First described from Asia, this sea anemone has only been reported once from the western Gulf of Mexico at Port Aransas, Texas. No subsequent sampling has located this species at this locality. The first record of the reappearance of D. lineata on the Texas coast from three locations in the Galveston Bay area is provided, and its geographic distribution and ta...

K T Finney

Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) have been developing in some countries for over 10 years but still suffer from having a relatively small installed base. Most SDIs will soon converge around a service-oriented-architecture (SOA) using IT standards promulgated primarily by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and ISO Technical Committee 211. There are very few examples of these types of architected SDIs in action, and as a result little detailed information exists on suitable governance models....

Vincenzo Ferrantelli, and Antonella Costa, and Stefania Graci, and Maria Drusilla Buscemi, and Giuseppe Giangrosso, and Claudia Porcarello, and Silvia Palumbo, and Gaetano Cammilleri

In this work a total of 949 fish samples were analysed for the identification of nematode larvae belonging to the Anisakidae family. Biomolecular application for the identification of Anisakidae larvae can be an optimal instrument for the traceability of fish products, described on the Reg. EC 178/2002. Results confirm a correlation between geographical distribution of fishes and presence of specific Anisakid larvae. FAO 37 zone (Mediterranean sea) showed a prevailing distribution of <em>Anisaki...

Shiwei Hu, and Jinhui Wang, and Jingfeng Wang, and Changhu Xue, and Yuming Wang

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation can induce hyperglycemia. Long-chain bases (LCBs) from sea cucumber exhibit antihyperglycemic activities. However, their effects on ER stress and inflammation are unknown. We investigated the effects of LCBs on ER stress and inflammatory response in high-fat, fructose diet-induced obesity mice. Reactive oxygen species and free fatty acids were measured. Inflammatory cytokines in serum and their mRNA expressions in epididymal adipose tissues were...

H. O. Pörtner, and C. Bock, and F. J. Sartoris, and K. Walther

Future scenarios for the oceans project combined developments of CO₂ accumulation and global warming and their impact on marine ecosystems. The synergistic impact of both factors was addressed by studying the effect of elevated CO₂ concentrations on thermal tolerance of the cold-eurythermal spider crab <i>Hyas araneus</i> from the population around Helgoland. Here ambient temperatures characterize the southernmost distribution limit of this species. Animals were exposed to ...

S. Widdicombe, and J. I. Spicer, and H. L. Wood

Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and the concomitant increased uptake of this by the oceans is resulting in hypercapnia-related reduction of ocean pH. Research focussed on the direct effects of these physicochemical changes on marine invertebrates has begun to improve our understanding of impacts at the level of individual physiologies. However, CO₂-related impairment of organisms' contribution to ecological or ecosystem processes has barely been addressed. The burrowing op...

K. M. Assmann, and M. Bentsen, and J. Segschneider, and C. Heinze

The carbon cycle is a major forcing component in the global climate system. Modelling studies, aiming to explain recent and past climatic changes and to project future ones, increasingly include the interaction between the physical and biogeochemical systems. Their ocean components are generally z-coordinate models that are conceptually easy to use but that employ a vertical coordinate that is alien to the real ocean structure. Here, we present first results from a newly-developed isopycnic carb...

Nilza Minguini, and Keila M. M. de Carvalho, and Fábio L. S. Bosso, and Fábio Endo Hirata, and Newton Kara-José

Thomas R. Kjeldsen, and Thomas R. Kjeldsen, and David A. Jones, and David A. Jones

The method of L-moments is the recommended method for fitting the three parameters (location, scale and shape) of a Generalised Logistic (GLO) distribution when conducting flood frequency analyses in the UK. This paper examines the sampling uncertainty of quantile estimates obtained using the GLO distribution for single site analysis using the median to estimate the location parameter. Analytical expressions for the mean and variance of the quantile estimates were derived, based on asy...

Peter A Bogenschutz, and David A Randall, and Chin-Hoh Moeng, and Steve K Krueger, and Marat F. Khairoutdinov

This study represents an attempt to apply Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) resolution to simulate deep tropical convection in near equilibrium for 24 hours over an area of about 205 x 205 km2, which is comparable to that of a typical horizontal grid cell in a global climate model. The simulation is driven by large-scale thermodynamic tendencies derived from mean conditions during the GATE Phase III field experiment. The LES uses 2048 x 2048 x 256 grid points with horizontal grid spacing of 100 m and ...

M. R. Wernand, and A. Hommersom, and H. J. van der Woerd

Multispectral information from satellite borne ocean colour sensors is at present used to characterize natural waters via the retrieval of concentrations of the three dominant optical constituents; pigments of phytoplankton, non-algal particles and coloured dissolved organic matter. A limitation of this approach is that accurate retrieval of these constituents requires detailed local knowledge of the specific absorption and scattering properties. In addition, the retrieval algorithms generally u...

Cristiane M. V. Araújo-Castro, and Lília P. Souza-Santos, and Anny Gabrielle A .G. Torreiro, and Karina S. Garcia

For the future use of the marine benthic copepod Tisbe biminiensis in solid-phase sediment toxicological bioassays, the present study investigated the effect of muddy sediment from the Maracaípe estuary (northeastern Brazil), sediment particle size and the reference toxicant potassium dichromate on the species. Muddy sediment from Maracaípe can be used as control sediment, since it does not interfere in the copepod life-cycle and has metal contamination levels that are unlikely to produce any de...