Daniela Bordini, and Rosane Lowenthal, and Ary Gadelha, and Gerardo M.de Araujo Filho, and Jair de J. Mari, and Cristiane S. Paula

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a training program on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) identification offered to Brazilian health professionals. Methods: Twenty-two primary care providers participated in five 3-hour weekly training sessions. Results: The trained providers significantly improved their ASD knowledge after training in comparison with pre-training (mean score, 6.73 vs. 9.18, p < 0.01). Clinical practice also changed: 4 months after the training program, the providers had referred...

Abbas Khodabakhshi, and Mohammad Mehdi Amin

Aims: The objective of this study was to determine the malachite green (MG) concentration in trout tissue and the effluent water of fish farms, at one of the largest trout fishery industries in Iran. Materiels and Methods: Twelve samples of water and fish tissue were collected from fish farms placed at the upstream ends of two large rivers in the study area. The samples, after extraction, were analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The effluent water samples were also a...

Adnan Ayaz, and Vahdet Ünal, and Uğur Özekinci

Marcelo F. G. de Brito, and Érica P. Caramaschi

We report here on an albino specimen of Schizolecis guntheri caught in the rio Bonito in the rio Macaé basin, Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. The hypothesis that albinism is more common in fishes with cryptobiotic and/or nocturnal habits is strengthened by additional records of this chromatic anomaly.

Claudio Rafael Mariano Baigún, and John Michael Nestler, and Norberto Oscar Oldani, and R. Andrew Goodwin, and Larry J. Weber

In North America, the Numerical Fish Surrogate (NFS) is used to design fish bypass systems for emigrating juvenile salmon as they migrate from hatchery outfalls and rearing habitats to adult habitat in the oceans. The NFS is constructed of three linked modules: 1) a computational fluid dynamics model describes the complex flow fields upstream of dams at a scale sufficiently resolved to analyze, understand and forecast fish movement, 2) a particle tracking model interpolates hydraulic information...

Zilmara Vieira Pedrosa, and José Marcelino Oliveira Cavalheiro, and João Paulo de Sousa Prado, and Valdir Mendes Soares de Oliveira

O cultivo de camarão marinho é um setor de grande viabilidade econômica, principalmente na região Nordeste. Entretanto, a alimentação dos camarões é responsável pelo maior custo no cultivo desses crustáceos, a ração deve ser nutricionalmente eficiente, sendo indispensável a presença das vitaminas que são substâncias fundamentais para o funcionamento do organismo animal, e sua falta resulta frequentemente em crescimento e desenvolvimento deficiente. O retinol, -tocoferol e o ácido ascórbico são v...

D. EDELIST, and E. SPANIER

Four Artificial Reef (AR) units were deployed at a 20m depth on a flat hard substrate 3 km west of Haifa, Israel and then surveyed for fish for 12 months. AR units supported 20 times the biomass of control quadrates and their enrichment impact was still significant at a radius of 13m away from units. The 13m values were also significantly higher than those of quadrates adjacent to units, suggesting the existence of a halo of relative depletion within the outer enrichment halo. The main species c...

Tomo eAoyagi, and Makoto eKimura, and Namiha eYamada, and Ronald R Navarro, and Hideomi eItoh, and Atsushi eOgata, and Akiyoshi eSakoda, and Yoko eKatayama, and Mitsuru eTakasaki, and Tomoyuki eHori

Although environmental stimuli are known to affect the structure and function of microbial communities, their impact on the metabolic network of microorganisms has not been well investigated. Here, geochemical analyses, high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and transcripts, and isolation of potentially relevant bacteria were carried out to elucidate the anaerobic respiration processes stimulated by nitrate (20 mM) amendment of marine sediments. Marine sediments deposited by the Great East...

Christopher W. Ashelby, and Sammy De Grave, and Magnus L. Johnson

The mandibles of caridean shrimps have been widely studied in the taxonomy and functional biology of the group. Within the Palaemonoidea the mandibles reach a high level of structural diversity reflecting the diverse lifestyles within the superfamily. However, the majority of studies have been restricted to light microscopy, with the ultrastructure at finer levels poorly known. This study investigates the mandible of nine species belonging to six of the recognised families of the Palaemonoidea u...

E. DOUKAKIS

The IPCC predictions for climate changes in the 21st century assess sea level rise from 5 to 10mm/year due to the Greenhouse effect. We have already entered a period of accelerated temperature and sea level rise and one of the most important impacts of these changes is the severe erosion of the coastal areas. According to Bruun rule, a sea level rise of 1cm induces a coastal retreat of (approximately) 1m in low-lying coastal areas. Taking into consideration the inundation concept, the historical...

Jennifer Wyffels, and Benjamin L. King, and James Vincent, and Chuming Chen, and Cathy H. Wu, and Shawn W. Polson

Chondrichthyan fishes are a diverse class of gnathostomes that provide a valuable perspective on fundamental characteristics shared by all jawed and limbed vertebrates. Studies of phylogeny, species diversity, population structure, conservation, and physiology are accelerated by genomic, transcriptomic and protein sequence data. These data are widely available for many sarcopterygii (coelacanth, lungfish and tetrapods) and actinoptergii (ray-finned fish including teleosts) taxa, but limited for ...

Yara eBernaldo de Quirós, and Yara eBernaldo de Quirós, and Óscar eGonzález-Díaz, and Manuel eArbelo, and Eva eSierra, and Simona eSacchini, and Antonio eFernández

&quot;Gas Bubble Disease&quot; or Decompression-like Sickness&quot; was described in stranded beaked whales linked to military sonar. Findings of gas bubble presence or associated lesions in marine mammals have been reported more and more often during the last decade. These descriptions suggest that gas bubbles in marine mammal tissues may be more common than previously thought. In this study we have analyzed gas amount (by gas score) and compositiones and within different decomposition codes fo...

R. Sousa, and M. R. Pinho, and J. Delgado, and M. Biscoito, and A. R. Pinto, and T. Dellinger, and L. Gouveia, and D. Carvalho, and P. Henriques

Abstract Several experimental surveys were carried out in the Northeastern Atlantic, Madeira archipelago from 1991 to 2008 to explore new fisheries resources. This study examined the selectivity of bottom and floating traps and the analysis of yield-per-recruit (YPR) and biomass-per-recruit (BPR) providing helpful insight to the management of the shrimp Plesionika narval. A total of 28,262 specimens were sampled and the analysis of length at first capture returned higher values when using floati...

Atilla Özdemir, and Ali Yıldırım Korkut, and Tayfun Yüksel, and Hakan İmam

L. G. Angonesi, and C. E. Bemvenuti, and M. S. Gandra

The aim of this study was to evaluate the deposition impact of dredged material from Patos lagoon estuary on a benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage structure in an adjacent coastal marine area. Nine sampling stations were chosen at random in the disposal area, and nine others in the same way in an adjacent control area. Samples were collected at a 19 m depth before sediment disposal (11 July 2000), during dredging and disposal operations (25 Oct. 2000), and three months thereafter (24 Aug. 2001)...

LD. Lacerda, and JA. Santos, and DV. Lopes

We present the distribution of Cu in water, sediments and biomass from intensive shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931)) farming in northeastern Brazil. The results show no difference in dissolved Cu concentrations between waters entering and leaving the ponds. However, there was a large export of particulate Cu to adjacent environments, showed by extremely high particulate (112 µg.L-1) Cu concentrations in draining waters. Copper concentrations in the bottom sediments of the pond varied with...

C. Poli, and LCS. Lopez, and DO Mesquita, and C. Saska, and R. Mascarenhas

This study analysed sea turtle strandings on the coast of Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil, from August 2009 to July 2010. A total of 124 strandings were recorded in this period: green turtle Chelonia mydas (n = 106), hawksbill Eretmochelys imbricata (n = 15), olive ridley Lepidochelys olivacea (n = 2) and loggerhead Caretta caretta (n = 1). Of all turtles for which the Curved Carapace Length (CCL) was measured (n = 122), only 12 individuals (9.7%) were adults. Twenty individuals had synthetic...

Gagini Thalita, and de Oliveira Schubach Armando, and de Fatima Madeira Maria, and Maria Valete-Rosalino Cláudia, and Fernandes Pimentel Maria Inês, and da Silva Pacheco Raquel

Background: Forty-four strains isolated from a cohort of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients who did or did not respond to one course of treatment with meglumine antimoniate were investigated to explore genetic polymorphisms in parasite kinetoplast DNA minicircles. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis strains isolated from responder (R) and non-responder (NR) patients who acquired infection in Rio de Janeiro or in other Brazilian states were studied using low-stringency single-specific primer pol...

Daniele Casti, and Christian Scarano, and Maria Cristina Piras, and Paolo Merella, and Sonia Muglia, and Francesca Piras, and Giovanni Garippa, and Carlo Spanu, and Enrico Pietro Luigi De Santis

Anisakiasis is a gastrointestinal fishborne zoonosis caused by the ingestion of third stage larvae of the genus <em>Anisakis</em>. Between January and December 2013, 1112 specimens of four commercial fish species (<em>Engraulis encrasicolus, Merluccius merluccius, Scomber colias</em> and <em>Trachurus mediterraneus</em>) marketed in Sardinia (Italy) were examined for <em>Anisakis</em> sp. The overall prevalence of <em>Anisakis</em> spp larvae was 39.9%, all morphologically identified as Type I. ...

Marko D. Andrejić , and Vlada S. Sokolović

Integralna logistička podrška (ILP) zbir je svih razmatranja potrebnih da se osigura efektivna i ekonomična podrška tehničkih sistema kroz čitav programirani životni ciklus. Primena integralne logističke podrške omogućava uspostavljanje optimalnog balansa između pouzdanosti i pogodnosti za održavanje i performansi tehničkih sistema, odnosno troškova sredstava u celom životnom ciklusu. Važan preduslov za operacionalizaciju ILP jesu stručna edukacija kadra, organizacione i materijalne pripreme za ...

Rômulo José Ramos, and Marcelo Poças Travassos, and Gustavo Rocha Leite

The aims of this study were to characterize the macrofauna associated with the articulated calcareous algae occurring on a hydrodynamic gradient off the Vitória metropolitan area, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, and to describe its temporal distribution. Physicochemical variables were measured in situ, and samples of sediment, water and phytal were taken from three sites along the coast in August and November 2005 (winter and spring, respectively) and in February and May 2006 (summer and fall, res...

Rocco Mancusi, and Alcide Mosso, and Gabriele Giani, and Roberto Rosmini, and Matilde Cecchini, and Marcello Trevisani, and Claudia Costanza

Regulation EU 2073/2005 sets maximum concentration for histamine in fish and products thereof. To meet these criteria, manufacturers have to define performance objectives, such as the maximum allowed prevalence and number/activity of histamine-producing bacteria at relevant stage of production. In order to assess the presence and decarboxylase activity of contaminant bacteria we examined 51 samples of blue fish caught and processed in Emilia Romagna region. We collected 50 gr of fish (skin and g...

Bak Jong-Phil, and Kim Yong-Min, and Son Jeonghyun, and Kim Chang-Ju, and Kim Ee-Hwa

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Mineral water from deep-sea bedrock, formed over thousands of years, is rich in minerals such as Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe and others. Our present study was to investigate the preventive effects of natural deep-sea water on developing atopic dermatitis (AD).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We elicited AD by application of DNCB (2,4-dinitro-chlorobezene) in Nc/Nga mouse dorsal skin. Deep Sea water (DSW) was filtered and concentrated by a nanofiltration process and reverse osmos...

Kuskowski Michael A, and Walsh Melanie, and Frestedt Joy L, and Zenk John L

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This small, pilot study evaluated the impact of treatment with a natural multi-mineral supplement from seaweed (Aquamin) on walking distance, pain and joint mobility in subjects with moderate to severe osteoarthritis of the knee.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Subjects (n = 70) with moderate to severe osteoarthritis of the knee were randomized to four double-blinded treatments for 12 weeks: (a) Glucosamine sulfate (1500 mg/d); (b) Aquamin (2400 mg/d); (c) Combined tre...

David Robert M, and Mikus Catherine R, and Munsey Monica, and Hammar Molly K, and Earnest Conrad P, and Bralley J Alexander, and Church Timothy S

<p>Abstract</p> <p>It is well established that the ingestion of the omega-3 (N3) fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) positively benefit a variety of health indices. Despite these benefits the actual intake of fish derived N3 is relatively small in the United States. The primary aim of our study was to examine a technology capable of delivering omega-3 fatty acids in common foods via microencapsulation (MicroN3) in young, healthy, active participants who are at ...

Jean Beth S. Jontila, and Roger G. Dolorosa

Macrobenthic reef invertebrates are important reef health indicators and fishery resources but are not very well documented in Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park. To provide notes on the species composition and the abundance and size of commonly encountered macrobenthic reef invertebrates, belt transects survey in intertidal, shallow, and deep subtidal reef habitats were conducted. In total, 18 species were recorded, six of which were echinoderms and 12 were mollusks, which include the rare giant cla...

Katarzyna Boniewicz-Szmyt, and Stanisław J. Pogorzelski, and Adriana Mazurek

The wetting properties of solid mineral samples (by contact angles) in original surfactant-containing sea water (Gulf of Gdańsk, Baltic) were characterised under laboratory conditions on a large set (31 samples) of well-classified stones of diverse hydrophobicity using the sessile drop (ADSA-P approach), captive bubble and inclined plate methods. An experimental relation between the static contact angle θeq and stone density ρ was obtained in the form θeq = Bρ + C, where B = 12.23 ± 0.92, C = - ...

Ana Patrícia Souza de Lima, and Suzianny Maria Bezerra Cabral da Silva, and Karine Kelly Cavalcanti Oliveira, and Rodrigo Maggioni, and Maria Raquel Moura Coimbra

The shrimp industry has grown significantly over the past 10 years in Brazil, especially the farmed production of the exotic Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. In 2004, this industry was marked by a productivity crisis, which stirred interest towards genetic improvement of shrimp stocks. Shrimp breeders importation was banned in Brazil by a govern Normative Instruction in 1997, as a sanitary precaution. Since then, broodstock replacement in hatcheries has been based on domestic stocks, ...

Worapot Suntornsuk, and Leena Suntornsuk, and Pianpan Phiraphinyo, and Sutachai Taepakpurenat, and Paungkaew Lakkanatinaporn

Physical and chemical properties of two bones of two species of fish, hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) and giant seaperch (Lates calcarifer Bloch.), were compared with chicken bone to evaluate their composition for use as natural calcium supplement. The information could be useful for waste utilization in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Physical testing and chemical analyses were performed according to the USP 24 and BP 1998 standards under calcium carbonate monograph. Loss on drying fou...

Yuki Kobayashi, and Kan Tanaka, and Kan Tanaka

Abscisic acid (ABA), a pivotal phytohormone that is synthesized in response to abiotic stresses and other environmental changes, induces various physiological responses. Heme, in its unbound form, has a positive signaling role in cell-cycle initiation in Cyanidioschyzon merolae. ABA induces heme accumulation, but also prevents cell-cycle initiation through the titration of the unbound heme by inducing the heme scavenging protein tryptophan-rich sensory protein-related protein O. In this study, w...

P. GUIDETTI, and L. MAGNALI, and A. NAVONE

The occurrence of a single individual of yellowtail tang Zebrasoma xanthurum (Acanthuridae) from Sardinia island (Italy), probably released from an aquarium, is here reported. This represents the first record of this species in the Mediterranean Sea. The overall information available on Acanthurid fishes and other exotic species in the Mediterranean is discussed in the light of the ongoing ecological changes taking place in rocky reef ecosystems.

Claudemir Martins Soares, and Carmino Hayashi, and Anna Christina Esper Faria-Soares, and Eliana Maria Galdioli

Effect of larvae of Astyanax altiparanae (AA), Piaractus mesopotamicus (PM), Leporinus obtusidens (LO) and Prochilodus lineatus (PL) on plankton communities and water quality were evaluated. Twenty 500 L tanks were used into a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications, containing 350 individuals of each species per tank. One treatment control had no larvae (CT). Every six days, were collected periphyton and water to determine the concentrations of chlorophyll and to...

K. Zhang, and C. Zhao, and H. Wan, and Y. Qian, and R. C. Easter, and S. J. Ghan, and K. Sakaguchi, and X. Liu

This paper evaluates the impact of sub-grid variability of surface wind on sea salt and dust emissions in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5). The basic strategy is to calculate emission fluxes multiple times, using different wind speed samples of a Weibull probability distribution derived from model-predicted grid-box mean quantities.<br><br> In order to derive the Weibull distribution, the sub-grid standard deviation of surface wind speed is estimated by taking into account four me...

George Meredite Cunha de Castro, and Norma Maria Barros Benevides, and Maulori Curié Cabral, and Rafael de Souza Miranda, and Enéas Gomes Filho, and Maria Valderez Ponte Rocha, and Marjory Lima Holanda Araújo

The seaweeds are bio-resource rich in sulfated and neutral polysaccharides. The tropical seaweed species used in this study (Solieria filiformis), after dried, shows 65.8% (w/w) carbohydrate, 9.6% (w/w) protein, 1.7% (w/w) lipid, 7.0% (w/w) moisture and 15.9% (w/w) ash. The dried seaweed was easily hydrolyzed under mild conditions (0.5 M sulfuric acid, 20 min.), generating fermentable monosaccharides with a maximum hydrolysis efficiency of 63.21%. Galactose and glucose present in the hydrolyzed ...

Adriana Vella

The dolphinfish fishery has constituted and still constitutes an essential part of the Maltese fishing economy. This species appears seasonally in Maltese waters from May-June to December-January, with a peak in October. The fishing techniques used by the Maltese fishermen are still artisinal and concentrate on the juvenile stage of this species present in Maltese waters between August and November. Local research on this species goes back to the 1960s but has not been consistent since then, so ...

Christine eDELBARRE-LADRAT, and Corinne eSinquin, and Lou eLebellenger, and Agata eZykwinska, and Sylvia eColliec-Jouault

Although polysaccharides are ubiquitous and the most abundant renewable bio-components, their studies, covered by the glycochemistry and glycobiology fields, remain a challenge due to their high molecular diversity and complexity.Polysaccharides are industrially used in food products; human therapeutics fall into a more recent research field and pharmaceutical industry is looking for more and more molecules with enhanced activities. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) found in animal tissues play a critic...

X. Xie, and M.-Q. Zhang, and B. Zhao, and H.-Q. Guo

Variations in temperature are widely invoked to explain fluctuations in ecosystem respiration (ER), but hydrological conditions also influence ER. Many researchers have observed that aperiodic variations in hydrological conditions affect ER and the associated temperature sensitivity. However, little is known about how periodic hydrological dynamics affect ER and its relationship with temperature on different timescales. In the present study, data from two coastal wetland sites were used to compa...

A. McMinn

Sea ice algae, like some coastal and estuarine phytoplankton, are naturally exposed to a wider range of pH and CO₂ concentrations than those in open marine seas. While climate change and ocean acidification (OA) will impact pelagic communities, their effects on sea ice microbial communities remain unclear. <br><br> Sea ice contains several distinct microbial communities, which are exposed to differing environmental conditions depending on their depth within the ice. Bottom com...

Mireille Harmelin-Vivien, and Jean-Michel Cottalorda, and Jean-Marie Dominici, and Jean-Georges Harmelin, and Laurence Le Diréach, and Sandrine Ruitton

The brown meagre Sciaena umbra, an iconic demersal fish species in Mediterranean coastal habitats, is particularly vulnerable to fishing pressure and presents a worrying population decline. Fish numbers and sizes were surveyed by visual census at Scandola (Corsica) in and outside reserve zones subject to increasing levels of protection, including unprotected zones (UP) where all fishing activities are permitted, buffer zones (BZ) subject to partial protection and a totally protected no-take inte...

Rosana Ouréns, and Giulia Cambiè, and Juan Freire

Small-scale fisheries are characterized by a high diversification of fishing strategies and a highly dynamic pattern of their use in time and space that complicate data collection and management. Ignoring this variability can produce an incomplete image of the fisheries dynamics and thus can lead to the implementation of inappropriate regulations. In the present study we analyzed the fishing dynamics of the small-scale fleet operating around the Cíes Islands, situated in the marine National Park...

Gao Youtao, and Xu Bo, and Zhang Lei

In order to expand the coverage area of satellite navigation systems, a combined navigation constellation which is formed by a global navigation constellation and a Lagrangian navigation constellation was studied. Only the crosslink range measurement was used to achieve long-term precise autonomous orbit determination for the combined navigation constellation, and the measurement model was derived. Simulations of 180 days based on the international global navigation satellite system (GNSS) servi...

S. TAS

A prolonged red tide of Heterocapsa triquetra and phytoplankton succession were investigated in a eutrophic estuary (Golden Horn) for a year. Runoff following the rainfall in winter supplied high amounts of nutrients and also created a mesohaline frontal zone in the middle and upper estuary. Red tide of H. triquetra was first observed with an orange-brownish water discoloration at the upper estuary in January. Highest cell density of H. triquetra was 2.7×106 cells l-1 in January and reached to 1...

Laryssa H. R. Pazianoto, and Vivian de M. Cionek, and Fábio N. O. Fogaça, and Evanilde Benedito

ABSTRACT Diet, energy density (ED) and relative condition factor (Kn ) were used to investigate the energetic assimilation of the invasive fish Hemiodus orthonops under different environmental condition of the upper rio Paraná floodplain. Samples were taken in June and September 2013 and 2014. Nutrient content was determined for sediment. The diet was combined in the Food Index (IAi%), ED was expressed in Kcal/g of dry weight and Kn was calculated by: Kn = Wt/We, where Wt is the total weight and...

Titova S. A. , and Kuranova L. K. , and Golubeva O. A.

The technology of grinding the frozen fish raw material using the useful model of a piston-type extrusion plant with cold working bodies for fodder minced fish (cryo minced fish feed) by the method of cryoextrusion has been developed. The possibility of replacing the standard manufacturing operations (defrosting and subsequent grinding of raw materials) to the one (cryoextrusion) has been substantiated. The optimal shape of holes of the die for forcing the raw material has been determined in the...

Carlos Eduardo Delfino Vieira, and Mayara da Silva Almeida, and Bruno Ambrssio Galindo, and Lindalva Pereira, and Claudia Bueno dos Reis Martinez

Aquatic ecosystems in areas with intense agricultural activity are subject to pesticide contamination, which may compromise the health of the fish. In order to verify the quality of the water and the possible effects of pesticides on fish, a method that combines different biomarker responses into an index named "integrated biomarker response" (IBR) was applied using the biological alterations in the Neotropical fish Astyanax altiparanae. Fish were maintained in situ at five sites along a stream ...

Erdoğan Çiçek, and Dursun Avşar, and Hacer Yeldan, and Meltem Özütok

E. TASKIN

The alien brown alga Scytosiphon dotyi M.J. Wynne (Phaeophyceae, Scytosiphonaceae) is reported for the first time in Turkey. This species was collected growing epilithically in the midlittoral zone in the Dardanelles (Sea of Marmara, Turkey).

Marc Rius

This work is the result of a 3-year monitoring programme for assessing the effect that the Ses Negres marine reserve has had on fish populations. Species richness (based on fish species that are considered to be reserve effect indicators), and the size structure of 4 species vulnerable to angling and spear fishing were studied by visual censuses conducted both inside and outside the marine reserve. Analysis of fish populations inside the reserve showed a reserve effect (larger sizes, higher abun...

Nicole M. Kollars, and Stacy A. Krueger-Hadfield, and James E. Byers, and Thomas W. Greig, and Allan E. Strand, and Florian Weinberger, and Erik E. Sotka

Microsatellite loci are popular molecular markers due to their resolution in distinguishing individual genotypes. However, they have rarely been used to explore the population dynamics in species with biphasic life cycles in which both haploid and diploid stages develop into independent, functional organisms. We developed microsatellite loci for the haploid–diploid red seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla, a widespread non-native species in coastal estuaries of the Northern hemisphere. Forty-two l...

J. Marina. Apgar, and Philippa J. Cohen, and Blake D. Ratner, and Sanjiv de Silva, and Marie-Charlotte Buisson, and Catherine Longley, and Ram C. Bastakoti, and Everisto Mapedza

Challenges of governance often constitute critical obstacles to efforts to equitably improve livelihoods in social-ecological systems. Yet, just as often, these challenges go unspoken, or are viewed as fixed parts of the context, beyond the scope of influence of agricultural, development, or natural resource management initiatives. What does it take to get governance obstacles and opportunities out in the open, creating the space for constructive dialogue and collective action that can help to a...