Sugumari Elavarasu, and P Abinaya, and S Elanchezhiyan, and Thangakumaran, and K Vennila, and K B Naziya

Background: Probably microbial plaque is the main etiology for periodontal tissue inflammation. Various chemical agents have been evaluated over the years with respect to their antimicrobial effects in the oral cavity. However, all are associated with side effects that prohibit regular long-term use. Therefore, the effectiveness of Azadirachta indica (neem) against plaque formation is considered to be vital, with lesser side effects. The aim of the present study is to evaluate and prove the anti...

Radosav Nikolić, and Živojin Petrović, and Dragan Trifković

U radu su opisani izvori šumova na brodovima i putevi njihovog rasprostiranja unutar brodskih konstrukcija. Obrađen je uticaj oscilacija konstrukcija na intenzitet šumova. Prikazane su spektralne karakteristike šuma koje proizvode motori na brodovima, norme šumnosti na brodovima, zaštitna sredstva od buke (opšta, lokalna i individualna), kao i osnovne metode za smanjenje šumova na brodovima. / This paper presents noise sources on ships and the ways of its distribution inside the ship structure. ...

EA. Murakami, and DC. Bicudo, and L. Rodrigues

The changes imposed by dams on hydrological regime, water transparence and nutrient concentrations downstream affect biodiversity in relation to species richness and specific composition of the community. The aim of this work was evaluate this effect on periphyton, comparing richness and composition of periphytic algae in the Garças Lake, Upper Paraná River floodplain, between the years 1994, before construction of the Porto Primavera Reservoir, and after its operation in 2004. This floodplain l...

Claudinei José Rodrigues, and Cacilda Thais Janson Mercante, and Clovis Ferreira do Carmo, and Andréa Tucci, and João Alexandre Savilo Osti, and Ariane Carolina Di Genaro

Natural waters may play the role of sinks or carbon dioxide (CO2) emitters, depending on the physicochemical characteristics of the system (diffusion and reaction of this gas into water) as well as on the pH, and the primary production of micro-organisms as a result of the consumption of such compounds. Evidence suggests that the CO2 concentrations in ponds are mainly governed by the aquatic metabolism, i.e. by the balance between respiration and photosynthesis; AIM: The purpose of this study wa...

Terova Genciana, and Cattaneo Anna G, and Preziosa Elena, and Bernardini Giovanni, and Saroglia Marco

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In comparison to higher vertebrates, fish are thought to rely heavily on innate immune system for initial protection against pathogen invasion because their acquired immune system displays a considerably poor immunological memory, and short-lived secondary response. The endogenous antimicrobial polypeptides (AMPPs) directly and rapidly killing pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses are included within the realm of innate defenses. In additi...

Schwartz Howard, and Valdeon Anita, and Heimer Maria, and Kalman Douglas S, and Sheldon Eric

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Intra-articular hyaluronic acid represents a substantive addition to the therapeutic armamentarium in knee osteoarthritis. We examined the effect of dietary supplementation with a natural extract of chicken combs with a high content of hyaluronic acid (60%) (Hyal-Joint^®) (active test product, AP) on pain and quality of life in subjects with osteoarthritis of the knee.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Twenty subjects aged ≥40 years with knee osteoarthritis (pa...

Claudia Piccini, and Daniel Conde, and Jakob Pernthaler, and Ruben Sommaruga

<em>Photochemical degradation is an important process involved in the decay of macrophytes, but little is known on the response of heterotrophic bacteria to the chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) derived from different plant species. Here, we assessed the effect of photoaltered CDOM derived from </em>Schoenoplectus californicus<em> and </em>Ruppia maritima<em> on the composition and production of a bacterial community from a productive subtropical coastal lagoon. Chromophoric dissolved...

Yimy Herrera-Martínez, and Juan César Paggi, and Camilo Bernardo García

<p>Fishless Andean high mountain lakes may be vulnerable to fish invasion because they tend to be small, oligotrophic and contain low zooplankton diversity. During the first decades of the twentieth century, rainbow trout, <em>Oncorhynchus mikiss</em>, was introduced in South America, and stocking of juvenile stages (fry) in lakes continues today. However, their effect on plankton in these lakes has been little studied. We performed a mesocosms experiment to assess effects of trout of different ...

X. Li, and D. W. Wu, and T. L. Wei, and Q. Miao, and H. N. Zhu, and Ch. Y. Yang

There are the common problems of limited precision, low anti-interference ability and poor signal detection performance in the classical radio navigation angle measurement systems. To solve these problems, we present a radio navigation angle measurement method realized by entangled microwave signals. Entangled microwave signals are transmitted to free-space and the quadrature components of the signals are measured in the receiving end. When delaying transmitting signals in continuous real time, ...

Bâki Iz H., and Shum C. K., and Zhang C., and Kuo C. Y.

This study demonstrates that relative sea level trends calculated from long-term tide gauge records can be used to estimate relative vertical crustal velocities in a region with high accuracy. A comparison of the weighted averages of the relative sea level trends estimated at six tide gauge stations in two clusters along the Eastern coast of United States, in Florida and in Maryland, reveals a statistically significant regional vertical crustal motion of Maryland with respect to Florida with a s...

W.-D. Zhai, and M.-H. Dai, and B.-S. Chen, and X.-H. Guo, and Q. Li, and S.-L. Shang, and C.-Y. Zhang, and W.-J. Cai, and D.-X. Wang

Based upon 14 field surveys conducted between 2003 and 2008, we showed that the seasonal pattern of sea surface partial pressure of CO₂ (<i>p</i>CO₂) and sea–air CO₂ fluxes differed among four different physical–biogeochemical domains in the South China Sea (SCS) proper. The four domains were located between 7 and 23° N and 110 and 121° E, covering a surface area of 1344 × 10³ km² and accounting for ~ 54% of the SCS proper. In the area off t...

Wei-Chao eWang, and Huan eMao, and Dan-Dan eMa, and Wan-Xi eYang

The documents on Metallothioneins (MTs) in aquatic creatures, especially focusing on their function as biomarkers in environmental monitoring programmes, are vast and increasing. There are, however, few papers to summary the physiological role of MTs in aquatic organisms especially on development. The multifaceted roles of MTs include involvement in homeostasis, protection against heavy metals and oxidant damages, and metabolic regulation, sequestration and/or redox control. In this paper, we ha...

Andrius Pranskunas, and Zivile Pranskuniene, and Jurga Bernatoniene, and Egle Vaitkaitiene, and Marius Brazaitis

Background/Objective: We hypothesized that L-arginine supplementation increases sublingual capillary perfusion during acute anaerobic exercise. Methods: In a double-blind randomized study, 20 healthy men were randomly assigned to an L-arginine group or a placebo group. Both groups performed a standard 60-second duration BOSCO jumping test. Before the exercise, immediately after, and 30 minutes after exercise, systemic hemodynamic parameters were recorded. Sublingual evaluation of microcirculatio...

Ted Y Annang, and RD Yirenya-Tawiah, and GC Clerk, and Thomas Smith

<p class="Default">Studies on the composition and abundance of the phytoplankton in River Densu and two of its tributaries, Rivers Adeiso and Nsakir were carried out at ten sampling sites, including seven from different regions of the river basin namely Afuaman, Akwadum, Densuso, Manhean, Machigeni, Nsawam and Weija, as well as Adeisoand Pokuase. Sampling was done monthly at each sampling site from January to December, 2006. Physical and chemical parameters of river water were studied. The param...

Alan M Durbin, and Andreas eTeske

Examining the patterns of archaeal diversity in little-explored organic-lean marine subsurface sediments presents an opportunity to study the association of phylogenetic affiliation and habitat preference in uncultured marine Archaea. Archaeal 16S rRNA clone library datasets across a spectrum of sediment trophic states characterized by a wide range of terminal electron-accepting processes reveals that organic-lean marine sediments in deep marine basins and oligotrophic open ocean locations are i...

Francesca Benzoni

A new shallow water scleractinian coral species, Echinophyllia tarae sp. n., is described from the Gambier Islands, French Polynesia. It is characterized by an encrusting corallum, a few large and highly variable corallites with protruding walls, and distinctive costosepta. This coral was observed in muddy environments where several colonies showed partial mortality and re-growth. The new species has morphological affinities with both E. echinata and with Echinomorpha nishihirai, from which it c...

J.-F. Miao, and K. Wyser, and D. Chen, and H. Ritchie, and H. Ritchie

This paper investigates the sensitivity of sea breeze (SB) simulations to combinations of boundary-layer turbulence and land-surface process parameterizations implemented in the MM5 mesoscale meteorological mode for an observed SB case over the Swedish west coast. Various combinations from four different planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes [Blackadar, Gayno-Seaman (GS), Eta, MRF], and two land surface model (LSM) schemes (SLAB, Noah) with different complexity are designed to simulate a...

Tom C. L. Bridge, and Andrew S Hoey, and Stuart J Campbell, and Efin Muttaqin, and Edi Rudi, and Nur Fadli, and Andrew H Baird

Coral bleaching caused by rising sea temperature is a primary cause of coral reef degradation. However, bleaching patterns often show significant spatial variability, therefore identifying locations where local conditions may provide thermal refuges is a high conservation priority. Coral bleaching mortality often diminishes with increasing depth, but clear depth zonation of coral communities and putative limited overlap in species composition between deep and shallow reef habitats has led to the...

S. Ragu Nathan, and V. Balasubramanian, and S. Malarvizhi, and A.G. Rao

Naval grade high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels can be easily welded by all types of fusion welding processes. However, fusion welding of these steels leads to the problems such as cold cracking, residual stress, distortion and fatigue damage. These problems can be eliminated by solid state welding process such as friction stir welding (FSW). In this investigation, a comparative evaluation of mechanical (tensile, impact, hardness) properties and microstructural features of shielded metal arc (...

A. Lenton, and A. Lenton, and R. J. Matear, and D. P. Keller, and V. Scott, and N. E. Vaughan

Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels continue to rise, increasing the risk of severe impacts on the Earth system, and on the ecosystem services that it provides. Artificial ocean alkalinization (AOA) is capable of reducing atmospheric CO₂ concentrations and surface warming and addressing ocean acidification. Here, we simulate global and regional responses to alkalinity (ALK) addition (0.25 PmolALK yr⁻¹) over the period 2020–2100 using the CSIRO-Mk3L-COAL...

Espen Mikal Robertsen, and Hubert Denise, and Alex Mitchell, and Robert D. Finn, and Lars Ailo Bongo, and Nils Peder Willassen

Metagenomics, the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples, has the potential to provide insight into the structure and function of heterogeneous microbial communities.  There has been an increased use of metagenomics to discover and understand the diverse biosynthetic capacities of marine microbes, thereby allowing them to be exploited for industrial, food, and health care products. This ELIXIR pilot action was motivated by the need to establish dedicated data res...

José L. F. Vieira, and Miriam M. Passarelli

O emprego de mercúrio metálico nos processos de extração do ouro libera toneladas de mercúrio ao meio ambiente, provocando um aumento considerável nas concentrações presentes. Com a finalidade de prevenir a exposição humana a concentrações excessivas, o que poderá resultar em graves episódios de intoxicação mercurial, bem como avaliar a possibilidade de sedimentos tornarem-se fontes potenciais de contaminação para os seres vivos, é de fundamental importância a monitorização do mercúrio em divers...

Paola Campitelli, and Antonio Aoki, and Olga Gudelj, and Andrea Rubenacker, and Roberto Sereno

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los indicadores que mejor representan la calidad de un suelo del área central de la provincia de Córdoba. El estudio se realizó sobre un Haplustol típico. Se evaluaron seis tratamientos. En cada tratamiento se seleccionaron tres sitios de ensayo, en los que se determinó contenido de carbono orgánico (CO); nitrógeno total (NT); pH; conductividad eléctrica; fósforo extractable (PE); carbono liviano; carbono de ácidos húmicos y carbono de ácidos fúlvicos; ...

C.L. Tanan, and D.F. Ventura, and J.M. de Souza, and S.R. Grotzner, and M. Mela, and A. Gouveia Jr., and C.A. Oliveira-Ribeiro

Methyl mercury (MeHg) is highly neurotoxic, affecting visual function in addition to other central nervous system functions. The effect of mercury intoxication on the amplitude of horizontal cell responses to light was studied in the retina of the fish Hoplias malabaricus. Intracellular responses were recorded from horizontal cells of fish previously intoxicated with MeHg by intraperitoneal injection (IP group) or by trophic exposure (T group). Only one retina per fish was used. The doses of MeH...

Markovic Jelena, and Joksimovic Danijela, and Stankovic Slavka

The aim of the present investigation was to quantify the levels of trace elements (Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cd and total Hg) in the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis (L.). Based on their levels, the quality of Montenegro seawater for future mussel farming was estimated. The mussel M. galloprovincialis (L.) was collected from four sites in the Montenegrin costal area in the period of two years to determine trace element concentrations and to classify the quality of the coastal water an...

S. Ni, and S. Ni, and I. Taubner, and F. Böhm, and V. Winde, and V. Winde, and M. E. Böttcher

The calcareous tubeworm <i>Spirorbis spirorbis</i> is a widespread serpulid species in the Baltic Sea, where it commonly grows as an epibiont on brown macroalgae (genus <i>Fucus</i>). It lives within a Mg-calcite shell and could be affected by ocean acidification and temperature rise induced by the predicted future atmospheric CO₂ increase. However, <i>Spirorbis</i> tubes grow in a chemically modified boundary layer around the algae, which may mitigate acidification. In order to...

Eurípedes Simões de Paula

SVENDSEN (Arnljot Stromme). — La Route Maritime du Nord. Coleção "Contributions". Publicação da "École Pratique des Hautes Études" (6e Section). Paris. S.E. V.P.E. N. 1964.

Marco Olivieri, and Giorgio Spada

Exploiting the Delaunay interpolation, we present a newly implemented 2-D sea-level reconstruction from coastal sea-level observations to open seas, with the aim of characterizing the spatial variability of the rate of sea-level change. To test the strengths and weaknesses of this method and to determine its usefulness in sea-level interpolation, we consider the case studies of the Baltic Sea and of the Pacific Ocean. In the Baltic Sea, a small basin well sampled by tide gauges, our reconstructi...

Rita P Vasconcelos, and Sébastien Villéger, and François Guilhaumon

Biodiversity is currently viewed as a framework encompassing multiple facets of the variety of life, including taxonomic and functional aspects. Species richness and composition of fish assemblages in estuaries is defined by global to local processes acting on community colonization. The present study further investigates how biodiversity of fish assemblages varies among estuaries globally, by simultaneously analysing taxonomic and functional richness and diversity of assemblages. A comprehensiv...

Maria João Tavares, and Nuno Mamede, and João Castro

Since 2011 fishing is fully or partially prohibited in marine protected areas (MPAs) of the natural park “Parque Natural do Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina” (PNSACV, SW Portugal). In other areas of this park, as well as in adjacent marine areas, intensive fisheries are made for subsistence, commercial use or recreation. Recreational fishing is common along this coast, namely on rocky bottoms and through shore or boat angling. Protection effects were assessed in 2012 and 2013 with experimen...

Kirsty A. Houston, and Jack G. Gibb, and Ayub Mpoya, and Nchafatso Obonyo, and Peter Olupot-Olupot, and Margeret Nakuya, and Jennifer A Evans, and Elizabeth C George, and Diana M Gibb, and Kathryn Maitland

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) rehydration management guidelines (Plan C) for children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and severe dehydration are widely practiced in resource-poor settings, yet have never been formally evaluated in a clinical trial. A recent audit of outcome of AGE at Kilifi County Hospital, Kenya noted that 10% of children required high dependency care (20% mortality) and a number developed fluid-related complications. The fluid resuscitation trial, FEAST, con...

Luis Antonio Kioshi Aoki Inoue, and Gilberto Moraes, and George K. Iwama, and Luis Orlando Bertola Afonso

The present work evaluated several aspects of the generalized stress response [endocrine (cortisol), metabolic (glucose), hematologic (hematocrit and hemoglobin) and cellular (HSP70)] in the Amazonian warm-water fish matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus ) subjected to an acute cold shock. This species farming has been done in South America, and growth and feed conversion rates have been interesting. However, in subtropical areas of Brazil, where the water temperature can rapidly change, high rates of mat...

José Otavio Costa Auler Junior, and Marcelo L.A. Torres, and Mônica M. Cardoso, and Thais C Tebaldi, and André P. Schmidt, and Mario M. Kondo, and Marcelo Zugaib

BACKGROUND: Spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery may cause severe maternal hypotension and a decrease in cardiac output. Compared to assessment of cardiac output via a pulmonary artery catheter, the FloTrac/Vigileo™ system may offer a less invasive technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiac output and other hemodynamic measurements made using the FloTrac/Vigileo™ system in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section. METHODS: A prospective study enrolling...

O. Zielinski, and J. A. Busch, and A. D. Cembella, and K. L. Daly, and J. Engelbrektsson, and A. K. Hannides, and H. Schmidt

Marine environments are influenced by a wide diversity of anthropogenic and natural substances and organisms that may have adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. Real-time measurements of pollutants, toxins, and pathogens across a range of spatial scales are required to adequately monitor these hazards, manage the consequences, and to understand the processes governing their magnitude and distribution. Significant technological advancements have been made in recent years for the detecti...

Bastos V.A.A.., and Lopes Ferreira R., and Carvalho D.C., and Pugedo M.L., and de Matos Alves Pinto L

The metabolism of hypogean organisms is frequently molded by the cave environment traits, especially food scarcity. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the inf luence of such environment on lipid composition and hepatic lipogenesis in the f ish Ancistrus cryptophthalmus. For this, the species was compared to an epigean population of the species. A greater accumulation of total lipids was observed in the cave-dwelling f ish (18.36 g/100 g tissue) compared to the surface f ish (14.09 g/100...

N. Aurangzeb, and S. Nisa, and Y. Bibi, and F. Javed, and F. Hussain

Discharge of industrial effluents in aquatic environments is a serious threat to life due to toxic heavy metals. Plants can be used as cheap phytoremedients in comparison to conventional technologies. The present study was conducted to check the phytoremediation capability of two free-floating plants, i.e., Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes, for the removal of heavy metals from steel effluent by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. P. stratiotes was able to remove some of the heav...

Jaime Garzón-Ferreira, and Alberto Rodríguez-Ramírez

Significant coral reef decline has been observed in Colombia during the last three decades. However, due to the lack of monitoring activities, most of the information about health and changes was fragmentary or inadequate. To develop an expanded nation-wide reef-monitoring program, in 1998 INVEMAR (Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras: "Colombian Institute of Marine and Coastal Research") designed and implemented SIMAC (Sistema Nacional de Monitoreo de Arrecifes Coralinos en Colombia:...

Lia Ferraz de Arruda, and Ricardo Borghesi, and Marília Oetterer

The use of fish silage as a substitute for protein ingredients in rations for aquatic organisms is an alternative to solve sanitary and environmental problems caused by the lack of adequate disposition for the waste from the fish industry. Besides, it is also a way of decreasing feeding costs, and, consequently, fish production costs, since feeding corresponds to about 60% of the overall expenses with production. The objective of this review was to discuss the use of fish waste, the elaboration ...

Rudolf Kampf, and Petr Průša, and Christopher Savage

This article is focusing on exploring parameters, which are needed to determine the most suitable location for public logistic centres in the Czech Republic. There is a wide range of factors, which will have an impact on the chosen location. It is not easy to define all the factors and include them into one model, especially because some of them are difficult to quantify. The aim of the research is to design a suitable tool to support the decision making process for the location of the public l...

Nadège Bouchonneau, and Adauto R. de Carvalho, and Antônio R. L. de Macêdo, and Lílian U. Viana, and Adriana P. do Nascimento, and João Batista F. Duarte, and Antônio Roberto M. de Macêdo

Polímeros expandidos são bastante competitivos para serem utilizados como materiais de flutuabilidade, devido a sua baixa densidade. Em particular, eles se apresentam muito eficientes no desenvolvimento de módulos de flutuabilidade de robôs submarinos do tipo ROV (Remote Operated Vehicle). Este trabalho descreve um estudo da absorção de água em dois diferentes tipos de polímeros expandidos (poliuretano e poliestireno expandido), em diferentes meios aquosos (água do mar e água destilada). Estudo ...

G.L. Volpato, and R.E. Barreto

The present study aimed to test the effects of blue, green or white light on the stress response of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Each color was tested on two groups of isolated adult Nile tilapia (8 replicates each): one being subjected to confinement stress, and the other not (control). A different environmental color was imposed on each compartment by covering the light source with cellophane of the respective color (green or blue; no cellophane was used for white light). The ...

M. O'Leary, and P. Christoffersen

While it has been shown repeatedly that ocean conditions exhibit an important control on the behaviour of grounded tidewater glaciers, modelling studies have focused largely on the effects of basal and surface melting. Here, a finite-element model of stresses near the front of a tidewater glacier is used to investigate the effects of frontal melting on calving, independently of the calving criterion used. Applications of the stress model to idealized scenarios reveal that undercutting of the ice...

G. M. R. Manzella, and E. Scoccimarro, and N. Pinardi, and M. Tonani

A &quot;ship of opportunity&quot; program was launched as part of the Mediterranean Forecasting System Pilot Project. During the operational period (September 1999 to May 2000), six tracks covered the Mediterranean from the northern to southern boundaries approximately every 15 days, while a long eastwest track from Haifa to Gibraltar was covered approximately every month. XBT data were collected, sub-sampled at 15 inflection points and transmitted through a satellite communication...

A. V. Posrednikova, and O. Y. Pakhomov, and Y. L. Kulbachko

The variety of soil algae was studied on areas of revegetation and without it in the Zhovti Vody. The systematic and ecological structure of algal flora and algae dominant species were indicated. We counted 28 species of soil algae on the dumps of uranium mining: Chlorophyta – 11 species (39.5 %), Cyanophyta – 11 (39.5 %), Xanthophyta – 2 (7 %), Bacillariophyta – 2 (7 %), Eustigmatohyta – 2 (7 %).

Paulo Marques Nunes

Over the last years, algae have been increasingly used in Human food due their rich chemical and nutritional composition, particularly the high supply of essential nutrients to the human body such as protein and dietary fiber. Dietary fiber can be divided into two different types: soluble and insoluble. The characteristics of soluble dietary fiber are related to some physical and chemical properties such as rehydration ratio and water holding capacity and are important in assigning the functiona...

M.J. LEHTONEN, and P.S. WILSON, and P. AHVENNIEMI

Development of black scurf on potato tubers (cv. Nicola) was compared in plants inoculated with isolates of Rhizoctonia solani of three anastomosis groups (AG2-1, AG3 and AG5) which occur in potato crops in Finland. All isolates induced stem canker lesions but only isolates of AG3 formed efficiently black scurf on progeny tubers. Among the AG2-1 and AG5 isolates tested, only one AG2-1 isolate formed a few sclerotia on 13.5 % of the progeny tubers in one experiment. The data indicate that isolate...

V. H. Kourafalou, and V. H. Kourafalou, and E. V. Stanev

The dynamics on the North Western Shelf area of the Black Sea are examined, with an emphasis on the circulation induced by buoyancy due to the land drained fresh waters and by the interaction with the atmosphere, notably wind stress. A three-dimensional, multi-layer hydrodynamic model is employed with realistic topography and parameterisation of river plume physics. We focus on the seasonal patterns of transport of the river induced low-salinity waters within the Coastal Low Salinity Band...

J. Bouillon, and F. Pagès, and J. M. Gili, and A. Palanques, and P. Puig, and S. Heussner

Several species of hydromedusae are reported from material collected by sediment traps placed in the Lacaze-Duthiers submarine canyon, off Banyuls (north-western Mediterranean). Two new taxa Guillea canyonincolae gen. nov. et sp. nov. and Parateclaia euromarge fam. nov., gen. nov. et sp. nov., are described. The existence of highly-specific hydromedusa populations in other Mediterranean canyons which appear to be related via geological history, topography, hydrographic and ecological features pe...

Fukasawa Toichi, and Mukai Keiichi

The effects of hull-girder vibration on the fatigue strength of a Post-Panamax container ship are discussed in the present paper. Firstly, the short-term sea states are categorized according to the occurrence probability of each sea state. Time histories of hull-girder stress in short-term sea states are calculated by means of a nonlinear simulation code of ship response assuming that the hull-girder is rigid and flexible. Then, the calculated stress peaks are processed by the rainflow counting...

Tae-Won Kim, and Sang-Sub Lim, and Ho-Hyun Seok, and Chung-Gil Kang

Brackets in ships and offshore structures are added structures that can endure stress concentrations. In this study, a concurrent engineering solution was proposed, and a high strength low carbon cast steel alloy applicable to offshore structures was designed and developed. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the designed steel were 480 and 600 MPa, respectively. The carbon equivalent of the steel was 0.446 with a weld crack susceptibility index of 0.219. The optimal structural d...