N. C. Shantz, and W. R. Leaitch, and L. Phinney, and M. Mozurkewich, and D. Toom-Sauntry

Organic matter represents an important fraction of the fine particle aerosol, yet our knowledge of the roles of organics in the activation of aerosol particles into cloud droplets is poor. A cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) counter is used to examine the relative growth rates of cloud droplets for case studies from field measurements on the North Pacific Ocean and in a coniferous forest. A model of the condensational growth of water droplets, on particles dissolving according to their solubility...

Andrew W. Bruckner

The progressive downward shift in dominance of key reef building corals, coupled with dramatic increases in macroalgae and other nuisance species, fields of unstable coral rubble ,loss of structural relief, and declines of major functional groups of fishes is a common occurrence throughout the Caribbean today. The incorporation of resilience principles into management is a proposed strategy to reverse this trend and ensure proper functioning of coral reefs under predicted scenarios of climate ch...

Karthik Balachandran, and G Vignesh, and D M Mahesh, and P Girish, and C Sadishkumar Kamalanathan, and Jaya Prakash Sahoo, and Abdoul Hamide

Introduction: There is a need to reassess the significance of myoedema in evaluation of overt hypothyroidism in the current day clinical practice. It is commonly checked for by flicking across the biceps belly expecting a transient mound at the points of tactile stimuli with mild pressure. Aim and Objective: To assess elicitation of myoedema in overt hypothyroidism (defined arbitrarily as TSH >50 mIU/L in primary hypothyroidism and fT4 <0.6 ng/dl in secondary hypothyroidism). Results: The 28 pri...

Moreno Murcia, Juan Antonio

<b>Resumen</b><p align="justify">El objeto de este trabajo es la creación y validación de unas escalas para medir la competencia motriz acuática de los 4 a los 11 años. Para ello se utiliza una muestra de 645 niños con edades comprendidas entre los 4 y los 11 años. Se aplicó un análisis factorial exploratorio, quedando constituida por cuatro escalas, compuestas a su vez por dos factores cada una de ellas, una referida a la familiarización con el medio acuático, y otro factor referido a las accio...

G. Rameshkumar, and S. Ravichandran

The study was carried out to establish the extent of double parasitation of two species of isopods Cymothoa indica and Alitropus typus on Tilapia mossambica. Cymothoa indica, a typical Indo-Pacific genus, and A. typus, a common crustacean parasite of fish in Southeast Asia, which feeds by sucking blood species, are reported by the first time in the freshwater fish Tilapia from Vellar estuary.

Helton L. A. Defino, and Célia Regina Galloro Wichr, and Antônio Carlos Shimano, and Frank Kandziora

Foram realizados ensaios mecânicos com o objetivo de avaliar a influência do diâmetro do orifício piloto em relação ao diâmetro interno do parafuso na resistência ao arrancamento dos parafusos do sistema de fixação vertebral aplicados no corpo da vértebra. O estudo foi realizado em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foram utilizados corpos de prova de poliuretana para a colocação de parafusos de 5mm e, 6mm , e na segunda etapa os parafusos foram inseridos na face lateral dos corpos das vértebras lom...

Luis D'Croz, and D. Ross Robertson, and José A. Martínez

To investigate possible seasonal patterns in water quality and plankton distribution, weekly samples were collected in a coral reef lagoon and in surrounding nearshore waters over a two year period. Additionally, two oceanographic surveys were also conducted in a larger area surrounding the primary study site during the seasonal extremes. The resulting information corroborated previous observations that this area is as an oligotrophic environment. The larger-scale sampling revealed seasonal vari...

Yongkun Li, and Guoqiao Wang, and Huimei Wang

Using a fixed point theorem of strict-set-contraction, we establish criteria for the existence of positive periodic solutions for the periodic neutral logistic equation, with distributed delays, $$ x'(t)= x(t)Big[a(t)-sum_{i=1}^n a_i(t)int_{-T_i}^0 x(t+heta), mathrm{d}mu_i(heta)- sum_{j=1}^m b_j(t) int_{-hat{T}_j}^0 x'(t+heta),mathrm{d} u_j(heta)Big], $$ where the coefficients $a, a_i ,b_j$ are continuous and periodic functions, with the same period. The values $T_i, hat{T}_j$ are positive, and...

Jorge Cortés, and Carlos E Jiménez, and Ana C Fonseca, and Juan José Alvarado

Costa Rica has coral communities and reefs on the Caribbean coast and on the Pacific along the coast and off-shore islands. The Southern section of the Caribbean coast has fringing and patch reefs, carbonate banks, and an incipient algal ridge. The Pacific coast has coral communities, reefs and isolated coral colonies. Coral reefs have been seriously impacted in the last 30 years, mainly by sediments (Caribbean coast and some Pacific reefs) and by El Niño warming events (both coasts). Monitoring...

Bruno H. Ueda, and Letícia C. Karling, and Ricardo M. Takemoto, and Gilberto C. Pavanelli

This paper presents a science metric study of parasites of fish farming in Brazil, including a significant review of the literature. The methodology used was based on researching articles in three different databases, carried out ​on May 2012: ISI (Institute for Scientific Information), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), and Google Academic. The number of articles on fish parasites is mounting (currently over 110), having much increased since 1995. However, the quantity is still low ...

Paulo Rogério de Souza Almeida, and Silvano Lima do Nascimento Filho, and Girlene Fábia Segundo Viana

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to survey the species of molluscs and to evaluate the effect of exotic species on the native mollusks of three reservoirs in the Pajeú Basin Cachoeira II, Jazigo and Serrinha. Methods Sampling was carried out with trawl net (5 mm mesh opening) and hand net (2 mm mesh opening). Results and conclusions Were quantified 60,244 specimens, distributed among the species Melanoides tuberculata (49,398), Pomacea lineata (573), Biomphalaria straminea (376) and Phy...

Ivan Barenboim, and Beny Lafer

Liliane S. de Matos, and João Otávio S. Silva, and Daniele Kasper, and Lucélia N. Carvalho

ABSTRACT Brycon falcatus is one of the most highly consumed species of fish within the region in the Teles Pires basin, and has great commercial importance in sport and professional artisanal fishing. The objective of this study was to analyze the presence and concentration of total mercury (THg) in the muscle, liver and gills of B. falcatus, and calculate the risk to human health of THg contamination from ingestion of the fish. THg concentrations were similar in the liver (0.076 mg kg-1) and mu...

J. Ono, and H. Tatebe, and Y. Komuro, and M. I. Nodzu, and M. Ishii

To assess the skill of seasonal to inter-annual predictions of the detrended sea ice extent in the Arctic Ocean (SIE_AO) and to clarify the underlying physical processes, we conducted ensemble hindcasts, started on 1 January, 1 April, 1 July and 1 October for each year from 1980 to 2011, for lead times up to three years, using the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC) version 5 initialised with the observed atmosphere and ocean anomalies and sea ice concentrat...

A. Kock, and D. L. Arévalo-Martínez, and C. R. Löscher, and H. W. Bange

Depth profiles of nitrous oxide (N₂O) were measured during six cruises to the upwelling area and oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) off Peru in 2009 and 2012/2013, covering both the coastal shelf region and the adjacent open ocean. N₂O profiles displayed a strong sensitivity towards oxygen concentrations. Open ocean profiles with distances to the shelf break larger than the first baroclinic Rossby radius of deformation showed a transition from a broad maximum close to the Equator to...

Samantha J. Tol, and Rob G. Coles, and Bradley C. Congdon

Dugongs (Dugong dugon) are listed as vulnerable to extinction due to rapid population reductions caused in part by loss of seagrass feeding meadows. Understanding dugong feeding behaviour in tropical Australia, where the majority of dugongs live, will assist conservation strategies. We examined whether feeding patterns in intertidal seagrass meadows in tropical north-eastern Australia were related to seagrass biomass, species composition and/or nitrogen content. The total biomass of each seagras...

Y. ISSARIS, and S. KATSANEVAKIS, and M. PANTAZI, and V. VASSILOPOULOU, and P. PANAYOTIDIS, and S. KAVADAS, and A. KOKKALI, and M. SALOMIDI, and A. FRANTZIS, and A. PANOU, and D. DAMALAS, and D.S. KLAOUDATOS, and D. SAKELLARIOU, and P. DRAKOPOULOU, and C. KYRIAKIDOU, and I. MAINA, and J. FRIC, and C. SMITH, and S. GIAKOUMI, and G. KARRIS

Mapping of ecosystem components (natural and socioeconomic) is a prerequisite for ecosystem-based marine spatial management (EB-MSM). To initiate the process of EB-MSM in the Greek Ionian Sea and the adjacent gulfs, the main relevant ecosystem components were mapped based on existing spatial information and expert judgment. The natural components mapped included habitat types and species targeted for conservation, according to national and European legislation and international agreements. Main ...

Q. Bian, and X. H. H. Huang, and J. Z. Yu

Size distribution data of major aerosol constituents are essential in source apportioning of visibility degradation, testing and verification of air quality models incorporating aerosols. We report here 1-year observations of mass size distributions of major inorganic ions (sulfate, nitrate, chloride, ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium) and oxalate at a coastal suburban receptor site in Hong Kong, China. A total of 43 sets of size-segregated samples in the size range of 0.056–18 ...

Yanasivan Kisten, and Nadine A. Strydom, and Renzo Perissinotto, and Sourav Paul

The movement of postflexion larvae of marine estuarine-dependent species into estuaries is critical for the survival of fishes reliant on estuaries as nurseries. However, detailed studies focused on environmental variability experienced by postflexion larvae entering a range of estuary types under varying conditions are rare. This study assessed the in situ conditions (temperature, salinity and water clarity) under which the southern African endemic fish Rhabdosargus holubi (Sparidae) recruits i...

Stephanie Ann Carr, and Beth N Orcutt, and Kevin W Mandernack, and John R. Spear

Bacteria belonging to the newly classified candidate phylum Atribacteria (formerly referred to as OP9 and JS1) are common in anoxic methane-rich sediments. However, the metabolic functions and biogeochemical role of these microorganisms in the subsurface remains unrealized due to the lack of pure culture representatives. In this study of deep sediment from Antarctica's Adélie Basin, collected during Expedition 318 of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP), Atribacteria-related sequences of...

Henrik Nygård, and Soile Oinonen, and Maiju Lehtiniemi, and Heidi Anneli Hällfors, and Eija Rantajärvi, and Laura Uusitalo

Monitoring data facilitate the basic understanding of changes taking place in nature and provide information for making management decisions, but environmental monitoring is often considered expensive. Here, we apply the concept of value of information to evaluate the value of marine monitoring in the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive context. We estimated the costs of the Finnish marine monitoring program and used the costs and economic benefits estimates of the Finnish marine strategy to ...

Adília Nogueira, and Cristina Cox Fernandes

The South American hypopomid electric fish tribe Microsternarchini includes three small species from the Upper Orinoco and Negro rivers. These are placed in monotypic genera: Microsternarchus, Racenisia and Procerusternarchus. Recent collections from tributaries in Negro, Solimões and Amazonas Basins have revealed new specimens of Microsternarchus with significant variations in external morphology and in Electric Organ Discharge parameters (EOD). In order to estimate the diversity within the gen...

Mario eCaruffo, and Natalie eNavarrete, and Oscar eSalgado, and Angélica eDíaz, and Paulina eLopez, and Katherine eGarcia, and Carmen G Feijoo, and Paola eNavarrete

Due to the negative consequences associated with the use of antibiotics, researchers and food producers have studied alternatives, such as probiotics, for the control of fish diseases. The probiotic properties of yeasts in aquaculture have been scarcely considered. The present study investigated the probiotic properties of local yeast strains for aquaculture application in the protection of bacterial diseases. Yeast strains (n=15), previously isolated from the intestinal gut of healthy salmonids...

W. Tian, and Y. Li, and F. Xie, and J. Zhang, and M. P. Chipperfield, and W. Feng, and Y. Hu, and S. Zhao, and S. Zhao, and X. Zhou, and Y. Yang, and X. Ma

Using satellite observations, reanalysis data, and model simulations, this study investigates the effect of sea surface temperature (SST) on interannual variations of lower-stratospheric ozone at southern high latitudes in austral spring. It is found that the SST variations across the East Asian marginal seas (5° S–35° N, 100–140° E) rather than the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, where ENSO occurs, have the most significant correlation with the southern high-latitude lower-stratospheric o...

Jaya Prakash Sahoo, and Jayakumar Selviambigapathy, and Sadishkumar Kamalanathan, and V S Negi, and M G Sridhar, and Sitanshu Sekhar Kar, and Muthupillai Vivekanandan

Background: The prevalence of both islet cell and adrenal autoimmunity among Asian Indian hypothyroidism patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is lacking in literature. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the proportion of Addison's disease (AD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in patients with HT. Materials and Methods: The patients with hypothyroidism due to HT were included in this study over 2 years. Primary hypothyroidism was defined as high serum thyroid-stimulati...

Guofeng Cai, and Yanlin Li

Henrry Othón Intriago Mendoza, and Milton Celiano Ortiz Terán, and Alfredo Noa Monzón

Fodder species of trees in the coastal region of Manabí are an alternative food to cattle, especia-lly between the months of september and december when the pasture gets scarce. To evaluate their nutritional potential was made a compositional analysis of nutritional parameters to the fruits of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. (Algarrobo) and Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. (Guasmo). Botanical characters of these trees and compositional analysis results are described. Furthermore, a comparison of these r...

Bernard de Mérona, and Judy Rankin-de-Mérona

Diets of most of fish species inhabiting a floodplain lake in central Amazonia were studied over a two years and half period. Based on the percentage of relative occurrence of 11 major food categories a classification of species in 11 feeding guilds is proposed. Many species were found to be specialized feeders. Fish, detritus and insects were the most important food resources supporting the fish community in both seasons, but the proportions of fruits, invertebrates and fish were reduced during...

M. Galí, and R. Simó, and G. L. Pérez, and C. Ruiz-González, and H. Sarmento, and S.-J. Royer, and A. Fuentes-Lema, and J. M. Gasol

Microbial plankton experience short-term fluctuations in total solar irradiance and in its spectral composition as they are vertically moved by turbulence in the oceanic upper mixed layer (UML). The fact that the light exposure is not static but dynamic may have important consequences for biogeochemical processes and ocean–atmosphere fluxes. However, most biogeochemical processes other than primary production, like bacterial production or dimethylsulfide (DMS) production, are seldom measured in ...

Mariana Schneider, and Pedro De Podestà Uchôa de Aquino, and Maria Júlia Martins Silva, and Claudia Padovesi Fonseca

The aim of this study was to determine the trophic structure of the fish community in the Bananal stream subbasin, which belongs to a well-preserved Cerrado area (Brazilian Savanna) in Brasília National Park, Brazil. We also evaluated the influence of environmental variations in the diet of fish species. Four samples were taken in each 30 m long established transect, two in the rainy season and two in the dry season. A total of 1,050 stomachs of the 13 most abundant species were analyzed. A tota...

Najate eJebara, and Najate eJebara, and Eric eOrriols, and Mohamed eZaoui, and Alain eBerthoz, and Pascale ePiolino

None of the previous studies on aging have tested the influence of action with respect to the degree of interaction with the environment (active or passive navigation) and the source of itinerary choice (self or externally imposed), on episodic memory encoding. The aim of this pilot study was to explore the influence of these factors on feature binding (the association between what, where and when) in episodic memory and on the subjective sense of remembering. Navigation in a virtual city was p...

Arjen Tilstra, and Tim Wijgerde, and Francisco Dini-Andreote, and Britas Klemens Eriksson, and Joana Falcão Salles, and Ido Pen, and Ronald Osinga, and Christian Wild

Recent research suggests that prior exposure of several months to elevated irradiance induces enhanced thermal tolerance in scleractinian corals. While this tolerance has been reported at the species level, individual coral colonies may react differently due to individual variability in thermal tolerance. As thermal anomalies are predicted to become common in the upcoming future, intraspecific variation may be key to the survival of coral populations. In order to study light-history based therma...

ALI EBRAHIMI

A. D. Terwisscha van Scheltinga, and H. A. Dijkstra

We propose an efficient method for estimating a time-mean state of an ocean model subject to given observations using implicit time-stepping. The new method uses (i) an implicit implementation of the 4D-Var method to fit the model trajectory to the observations, and (ii) a pre-processor which applies a multi-channel singular spectrum analysis to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of the observational data and to filter out the high frequency variability. This approach enables one to estimate the ...

Flávia Noronha Dutra Ribeiro, and Jacyra Soares, and Amauri Pereira de Oliveira

A coupled atmospheric-oceanic model was used to investigate whether there is a positive feedback between the coastal upwelling and the sea breeze at Cabo Frio - RJ (Brazil). Two experiments were performed to ascertain the influence of the sea breeze on the coastal upwelling: the first one used the coupled model forced with synoptic NE winds of 8 m s-1 and the sign of the sea breeze circulation was set by the atmospheric model; the second experiment used only the oceanic model with constant 8 m s...

Nisi F, and Galzerano A, and Cicchitto G, and Puma F, and Peduto VA

Fulvio Nisi,1 Antonio Galzerano,1 Gaetano Cicchitto,2 Francesco Puma,3 Vito Aldo Peduto1 1Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy Centre, 2Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine, 3Department of Thoracic Surgery, AO Santa Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy Background: There are still no clear guidelines in the literature on per procedural bronchoscopic management for anesthesiologists, and few relevant datasets are available. To obtain rapid recovery from a...

Guillermina Sánchez Vuichard, and Nahuel Farías, and Tomás Luppi

Synchronization in the events of the reproductive cycle in female Neohelice granulata Dana, 1851 were studied from samples taken weekly and biweekly from September to December 2006 in the Laguna Mar Chiquita. The timing and larval hatching and synchronicity were inferred from numbers of ovigerous females and observing the stages of embryonic development. Synchronization in larval hatching also was observed in females in experiments in dark for a period of 48 hours, at three different salinities ...

Iraúza Arroteia Fonseca, and Liliana Rodrigues

Foram selecionados quatro ambientes com diferentes características hidrodinâmicas, em dois períodos hidrológicos, no ano de 2001. Os dados limnológicos abióticos da região litorânea foram obtidos simultaneamente aos dados bióticos. O substrato padronizado foram pecíolos de <em>Eichhornia azurea</em> Kunth. Por meio da análise quantitativa do ficoperifíton, verificou-se que não ocorreu diferença significativa entre os diferentes períodos hidrológicos analisados. O período de águas baixas apresent...

R. Magalhães Pinto, and J. Julio Vicente, and Dely Noronha

Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) elongatus (Tornquist, 1931) Petter, 1974 and Cucullanus pulcherrimus Barreto, 1918, from Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Steind., 1875) are redescribed and two specimens of Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) sp. are also reported in this host, despite lack of previously, was again identified in Brazil since its original description and posterior illustration. The present findings represent also a new host record for the referred genera: Dichelyne Jagerskiold, 1902 and Cucullanus Mue...

Atilano Contreras-Ramos

N.V. Costa, and R.A. Rodella, and D. Martins

Algumas espécies de plantas aquáticas têm-se tornado problemáticas em reservatórios hidrelétricos no Brasil, devido a sua grande capacidade de reprodução. O objetivo destes trabalho foi diferenciar Brachiaria mutica, Brachiaria subquadripara, Panicum repens, Eichhornia crassipes, Heteranthera reniformis, Typha ubulata e Enhydra anagallis, utilizando-se 19 caracteres estruturais quantitativos do limbo foliar, que se relacionassem com a penetração e translocação de herbicidas. Amostras do terço mé...

R.C. Montone, and R.R. Weber

Um sistema de amostragem foi desenvolvido para ser usado em áreas costeiras e a bordo de embarcações oceanográficas para a determinação de pesticidas organoclorados e bifenilos policlorados (PCBs) na atmosfera. Este sistema baseia-se na pré-concentração em adsorventes sólidos. Foram usados Florosil, Resina XAD-2 e espuma de poliuretano (EPU). A eficiência de amostragens para estes adsorventes foi de 16-118% (florosil), 41-131% (XAD-2) e 66-112 (EPU), para os compostos organoclorados analisados.<...

J P Majra

Background: Behavioral risk factors are responsible for a substantial portion of chronic disease. Educating patients is a professional responsibility of medical practitioners. However, it has been observed that physicians did not practice what they preach. To study whether medical colleges inculcate health-promoting lifestyle among medical students during their stay in medical colleges. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in two conveniently selected medical colleges in southern India. F...

D. A. Hegg, and D. S. Covert, and H. H. Jonsson, and R. K. Woods

Aircraft–based measurements of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), accumulation mode and Aitken mode number concentrations, cloud drop number concentration (CDNC), and selected ancillary measurements are presented for the three large, semi-permanent marine stratocumulus decks of the earth (in the Pacific offshore of California and Chile and in the Atlantic offshore of Namibia). Based on these data, a simple linear relationship between CDNC and the accumulation mode number concentration (AMNC) is de...

D. D. Parrish, and D. B. Millet, and A. H. Goldstein

An effective method is presented for determining the ozone (O₃) mixing ratio in the onshore flow of marine air at the North American west coast. By combining the data available from all marine boundary layer (MBL) sites with simultaneous wind data, decadal temporal trends of MBL O₃ in all seasons are established with high precision. The average springtime temporal trend over the past two decades is 0.46 ppbv/yr with a 95% confidence limit of 0.13 ppbv/yr, and statistically ...

Hernández Olivares, F., and Talero, R, and Bollati, M. R.

Silica fume (SF) or microsilica is related mainly with preparation of High Resistance Concrete. This has justified its use -together with portland cement (I-42'5/SR,MR) and an superfiuidifying additive- in the preparation of a concrete whose value for compressive mechanical resistance at early ages (only 5 to 10 hours) is higher than 40 kp/cm², instead of preparing it with the portland cement plus a setting accelerator or "model" dosage. The experimental techniques used to reach that ...

Anita D'Souza, and Kathryn Flynn, and Saurabh Chhabra, and Binod Dhakal, and Mehdi Hamadani, and Kirsten Jacobsen, and Marcelo Pasquini, and Dorothee Weihrauch, and Parameswaran Hari

Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a plasma cell neoplasm associated with insoluble fibril deposition from clonal immunoglobulin chains systemically. The disease is associated with high early mortality and morbidity owing to advanced organ deposition as well as lack of proven de-fibrillogenic therapies. Pre-clinical and retrospective clinical data suggests that doxycycline has benefit in AL amyloidosis. The ongoing DUAL study is a single center, open label, phase 2 study in which patients with AL a...

D. Neubauer, and U. Lohmann, and C. Hoose, and M. G. Frontoso

Stratocumulus clouds are important for climate as they reflect large amounts of solar radiation back into space. However they are difficult to simulate in global climate models because they form under a sharp inversion and are thin. A comparison of model simulations with the ECHAM6-HAM2 global aerosol climate model to observations, reanalysis and literature data revealed too strong turbulent mixing at the top of stratocumulus clouds and a lack of vertical resolution. Further reasons for cloud bi...

Hanan M. Abd-Elnaby, and Gehan M. Abo-Elala, and Usama M. Abdel-Raouf, and Moaz M. Hamed

The study investigated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized extracellularly using an actinomycete isolated from sediment of the Suez Gulf, Red Sea, Egypt. Screening for biosynthesis of AgNPs revealed that among the forty one actinomycetes tested, only two exhibited the ability to synthesize AgNPs with antibacterial activity

Gonzalo Carracedo, and Jesús Carballo, and Elena Loma, and Gema Felipe, and Isabel Cacho

Purpose: The aim of this pilot study was to test whether retinitis pigmentosa patients would benefit from filter contact lenses as an effective optical aid against glare and photophobia. Methods: Fifteen subjects with retinitis pigmentosa were enrolled in this study. All of them were evaluated with filter soft contact lenses (MaxSight), filter glasses (CPF 527) and without filters (control). All patients were assessed for the three aid conditions by means of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ...