Izmail G. Kantardgi, and Yuriy I. Dreizis, and Elena V. Bondareva

The numerical model of calculation of non-uniform transport of deposits and rearrangement of a coastal line of a beach is offer for more authentic estimation.

Bogdan Woźniak, and Jerzy Dera, and Dariusz Ficek, and Roman Majchrowski, and Mirosława Ostrowska, and Sławomir Kaczmarek

The overriding and far-reaching aim of our work has been to achieve a good understanding of the processes of light interaction with phytoplankton in the sea and to develop an innovative physical model of photosynthesis in the marine environment, suitable for the remote sensin gof marine primary production. Unlike previous models, the present one takesgreater account of the complexity of the physiological processes in phytoplankton. We have focused in particular on photophysiological processes, w...

S. REIZOPOULOU, and A. ZENETOS

The present study investigates whether coastal benthic communities are affected by tourist activities along the coast, which persist for a limited time period. The analysis of benthic macrofauna is based on the ecological parameters (quantitative analyses) as well as on the ecological identity of the species (qualitative analyses). Microbial contamination and some population statistics are correlated with ecological parameters. The disturbance of benthic communities in the vicinity of summer res...

Michael eSchivo, and Michael eSchivo, and Alexander A. Aksenov, and Laura C. Yeates, and Alberto ePasamontes, and Cristina Elizabeth Davis

Diabetes type-2 and the metabolic syndrome are prevalent in epidemic proportions and result in significant co-morbid disease. Limitations in understanding of dietary effects and cholesterol metabolism exist. Current methods to assess diabetes are essential, though many are invasive; for example, blood glucose and lipid monitoring require regular finger sticks and blood draws. A novel method to study these diseases may be non-invasive breath testing of exhaled compounds. Currently, acetone and li...

Marcos Mecías Calvo, and Rubén Navarro Patón

<p>The bodyboard is a surfing discipline whose growth has been considerably since the 60s, so it is considered one of the fastest growing aquatic sport in the world. Despite this, scientific research of this discipline has been reflected poorly compared to other sports. As in any other sport, the bodyboarder requires of specific physical and physiological conditions to help it to practice the sport effectively as it does not follow a specific training or develop conditioning programs. Therefore,...

Margaret Miller, and Dana E. Williams, and Brittany E. Huntington, and Gregory A. Piniak, and Mark J.A. Vermeij

The most common coral monitoring methods estimate coral abundance as percent cover, either via in situ observations or derived from images. In recent years, growing interest and effort has focused on colony-based (demographic) data to assess the status of coral populations and communities. In this study, we relied on two separate data sets (photo-derived percent cover estimates, 2002–12, and opportunistic in situ demographic sampling, 2004 and 2012) to more fully infer decadal changes in coral c...

A. Storto, and S. Masina

Global ocean reanalyses combine in situ and satellite ocean observations with a general circulation ocean model to estimate the time-evolving state of the ocean, and they represent a valuable tool for a variety of applications, ranging from climate monitoring and process studies to downstream applications, initialization of long-range forecasts and regional studies. The purpose of this paper is to document the recent upgrade of C-GLORS (version 5), the latest ocean reanalysis produced at the Cen...

I. Marinov, and S. C. Doney, and I. D. Lima

The response of ocean phytoplankton community structure to climate change depends, among other factors, upon species competition for nutrients and light, as well as the increase in surface ocean temperature. We propose an analytical framework linking changes in nutrients, temperature and light with changes in phytoplankton growth rates, and we assess our theoretical considerations against model projections (1980–2100) from a global Earth System model. Our proposed "critical nutrient hypothesis" ...

Daniel Osvaldo Bruno, and Santiago Aldo Barbini, and Juan Martín Díaz de Astarloa, and Patricia Martos

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of environmental factors on the fish distribution and abundance in Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon. Seasonal fish sampling stations were distributed along the lagoon and grouped in three zones from a mixo-oligohaline waters zone with high contribution of freshwater to a mixo-eurihaline waters zone with high marine water influence. A mixo-mesohaline waters zone characterized the middle part of the lagoon. The results showed that the fish composition w...

Beuy Joob, and Viroj Wiwanitkit

The aim of this article is to discuss and comment on the previous published work on different emerging infectious diseases epidemiological trend in different countries. Here, the examples on dengue, new influenza and rabies in different coastal countries (Oman, Australia and Taiwan of China) are discussed. Several aspects adding to the reported situations should be considered.

Jorge L. Minchola Gallardo, and Federico Gonzáles Veintimilla, and Jackson R. Terán Iparraguirre

In this study we evaluated the ergonomic risks in workers' health Fish Farming Center. The sample universe consisted of the 15 workers of Motil Fish Farming Center, Department of La Libertad, Peru. Samples were taken every month. The methods used to assess ergonomic ergonomic risk were: Job Strain Index (JSI), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Oako Working Analysis System (OWAS). The Results demonstrated by the methods of JSI and REBA that selection and maintenance activities are generatin...

Carolina A Freire, and Ivonete A Santos, and Denilton Vidolin

The intertidal sea-urchin Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758) has been submitted to diluted sea water (SW) of salinity 25, or concentrated sea water of salinity 45. In addition, ionic challenges have been offered, supplementing 25 SW with Mg2+, Ca2+ or K+, until the concentration of each of these ions would reach the level of full-strength 35 SW (control). Perivisceral coelomic fluid has been sampled after six hours in these treatments for measurements of osmolality and concentrations of Na+, ...

Ana Patrícia Rodrigo, and António Pedro Alves de Matos, and Francisco Carrapiço

There is a growing interest in marine bioproducts, especially in those with life improving potential to humans. Marine invertebrates, in particular, possess particular interest due to their high diversity, abundance and ecological importance. However, the physiology of such a wide and diverse group of organisms is far from understood. Marine annelids, in particular (Class Polychaeta), are of especial interest, in large part owing to their ecological representativity and easy handling. Still only...

Arun S. Seetharam, and Emily Kawaler, and Zhi-Qiang Du, and Max F. Rothschild, and Andrew J. Severin

In this study, the tail muscle microbiota of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) sourced from five countries across Central and South America and Southeast Asia were determined and compared. The genomic DNA was sequenced at around 10× coverage for each geographical location and was assembled de novo for comparative analysis. The assembled sequences for all the lines were classified based on their similarity to the sequences in the public database. We found that there is high correlation ...

Anonymou

Li Zhou, and Zhenju Chuang, and Xu Bai

A numerical method is proposed to simulate level ice interaction with ship in transverse and longitudinal directions in time domain. A novel method is proposed to simulate non-symmetric transverse force in a stochastic way. On the basis of observations from the model tests, the simulation of longitudinal force combines the ice bending force acting on the waterline, submersion force below the waterline and ice friction forces caused by transverse force and ice floes rotation amidships. In the sim...

Alison Patricia Newell, and Amelia eBola

Domestic sea transport is critical to all aspects of life in the Pacific, providing access to markets and health and education services, as well as enabling cultural and social connectivity. Current sea transport services are entirely dependent upon use of increasingly expensive fossil fuels. Whilst there has been increasing research on international shipping, very little focus has been given to date to domestic shipping in the Pacific, and in particular at the local, village level. Recent st...

Sam O. Wajuihian, and Rekha Hansraj

Background: The ability to read efficiently and comfortably is important in the intellectual development and academic performance of a child. Some children experience difficulties when reading due to symptoms related to near vision anomalies. Aim: To explore the feasibility of conducting a large study to determine the prevalence, distribution and characteristics of near vision anomalies in high school children in Empangeni, South Africa. Methods: The study was a cross sectional descriptive p...

Cole G Easson, and Robert W Thacker

Sponges (Porifera) can host diverse and abundant communities of microbial symbionts that make crucial contributions to host metabolism. Although these communities are often host-specific and hypothesized to co-evolve with their hosts, correlations between host phylogeny and microbiome community structure are rarely tested. As part of the Earth Microbiome Project, we surveyed the microbiomes associated with 20 species of tropical marine sponges collected over a narrow geographic range. We tested ...

Belén Carrillo, and Mauricio Mosquera

Polyunsaturated fatty acids are bioactive compounds employed as nutritional supplements in the food and pharmaceutical industry, those are present in blue fish like sardine (Opisthonema libertate). The purpose of this investigation was the recovery of these acids from sardine heads. A basic hydrolysis was carried out in order to extract the oil. NaOH was the hydrolyzing agent, tested in four concentrations. As a result, 3.64 % was the highest percentage of saponified oil recovery, with a concent...

Miguel Ángel Ibáñez Espinosa

No abstract available.

Inês C. Silva, and M. Judite Alves, and Jose Paula, and Stephen J. Hawkins

Carcinus maenas has a planktonic larval phase which can potentially disperse over large distances. Consequently, larval transport is expected to play an important role in promoting gene flow and determining population structure. In the present study, population structuring on the southwest coast of England was analysed using molecular and morphometric approaches. Variation at eight microsatellite loci suggested that the individuals sampled within this region comprise a single genetic population ...

K. Hoshi, and H. Kojima, and T. Muranaka, and H. Yamakawa

In this study, thrust characteristics of an electric solar wind sail were numerically evaluated using full three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. The thrust obtained from the PIC simulation was lower than the thrust estimations obtained in previous studies. The PIC simulation indicated that ambient electrons strongly shield the electrostatic potential of the tether of the sail, and the strong shield effect causes a greater thrust reduction than has been obtained in previous s...

Juan C. Levesque, and Christian Hager, and Eric Diaddorio, and R. Jason Dickey

Bycatch of protected species in commercial fishing operations is a primary concern to fishery managers because it threatens the conservation, protection, and recovery of fragile species, such as the Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus). One potential solution to reduce the risk associated with commercial fishing operations is to design commercial fishing gear that is more selective in terms of interactions between Atlantic sturgeon and commercial fisheries. Given this conservation...

Milene Vala, and Ana Augusto, and André Horta, and Susana Mendes, and Maria M. Gil

<p>Nowadays, consumers demand high quality food products with an extended shelf-life without chemical additives. Edible coatings (EC) containing natural compounds are a promising preservation technology for raw seafood without compromising fresh-like appeal and nutritional content.</p><p>The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of <em>Thunnus obesus</em> skin gelatin-based EC containing <em>Codium </em>spp. or <em>Fucus</em> <em>vesiculosus</em> extracts on raw tuna preservation. Three ge...

C. Laufkötter, and M. Vogt, and N. Gruber, and M. Aita-Noguchi, and O. Aumont, and L. Bopp, and E. Buitenhuis, and S. C. Doney, and J. Dunne, and T. Hashioka, and J. Hauck, and T. Hirata, and J. John, and C. Le Quéré, and I. D. Lima, and H. Nakano, and R. Seferian, and I. Totterdell, and M. Vichi, and C. Völker

Past model studies have projected a global decrease in marine net primary production (NPP) over the 21st century, but these studies focused on the multi-model mean rather than on the large inter-model differences. Here, we analyze model-simulated changes in NPP for the 21st century under IPCC's high-emission scenario RCP8.5. We use a suite of nine coupled carbon–climate Earth system models with embedded marine ecosystem models and focus on the spread between the different models and the underlyi...

A C Novianantya, and N K Fardany, and N Nuraini

The Indonesian government begins to promote food diversification program. The government expects the Indonesian people can consume food crops other than rice, such as wheat, potatoes and sweet potatoes. While, the level of production of sweet potato production decreased in the period of 2012-2015 with total production of only 2,218,992 t/ha. In an effort to increase the production of sweet potato, improvements are needed through application of organic fertilizers like composts. The purpose of th...

Pooja Bhatia, and Archana Chugh

The remarkable growth of bio-based industry has led to a rapid increase in the bioprospecting activities. The marine biomes are a rich reservoir of unique life systems making them an attractive target for bioprospecting for identification and development of potential drug molecules for human therapeutics. Many of the drug molecules such as ara-c, trabecetidin and eribulin have been discovered from marine organisms. It is noteworthy that indigenous communities have developed, preserved as well as...

, Widanarni, and Wira H Saputra, and Dinamella Wahjuningrum

<p> </p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Probiotic bacteria SKT-b Vibrio that belong to heterotrophic bacteria have been tested can suppress the growth of pathogenic Vibrio harveyi in tiger shrimp larvae. One of the most important energy sources of heterotrophic bacteria is organic carbon such as sucrose and glucose found in molasses. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of molasses addition on the survival and growth rate of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon larvae treated with SKT-b Vibrio prob...

Guia Benedetta Richelmi, and Marzia Pezzolato, and Stefano Gili, and Silvia Gallina, and Lucia Decastelli, and Renata Tarasco, and Maria Cesarina Abete, and Francesco Ingravalle, and Laura Serracca, and Davide Pavino, and Barbara Vivaldi, and Maria Vittoria Riina, and Pier Luigi Acutis, and Marino Prearo, and Maria Caramelli, and Elena Bozzetta

Authentication of fish as fresh or frozenthawed is compulsory because of the widespread fraudulent practice of retailing fish products as fresh, when they have actually been frozen. Moreover, according to EC Regulations 853/2004 and 1276/2011, fish intended for raw consumption has to be deepfrozen before usage, to protect consumers against Anisakiasis. In this study, a food business operator set an example of good quality control by collaborating with health authorities and an official laborator...

Lauren VanMaurik, and Jennifer Wortham

The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is a large shrimp extensively used in aquaculture whose grooming behaviors were analyzed in this study. Macrobrachium rosenbergii exhibits three unique male morphotypes that differ in their behavior, morphology and physiology: small-clawed males (SM), orange-clawed males (OC) and blue-clawed males (BC). The largest and most dominant males, BC males, are predicted to have significantly different grooming behaviors compared to females and the ...

C. D. Cappa, and E. J. Williams, and D. A. Lack, and G. M. Buffaloe, and D. Coffman, and K. L. Hayden, and S. C. Herndon, and B. M. Lerner, and S.-M. Li, and P. Massoli, and R. McLaren, and I. Nuaaman, and T. B. Onasch, and P. K. Quinn

Emissions factors (EFs) for gas and sub-micron particle-phase species were measured in intercepted plumes as a function of vessel speed from an underway research vessel, the NOAA ship <i>Miller Freeman</i>, operating a medium-speed diesel engine on low-sulfur marine gas oil (fuel sulfur content ~0.1% by weight). The low-sulfur fuel in use conforms to the MARPOL fuel sulfur limit within emission control areas set to take effect in 2015 and to California-specific limits set to take effect in 2014....

Kovačević-Kostić Nataša, and Karan Radmila, and Obrenović-Kirćanski Biljana, and Velinović M., and Vraneš M., and Mitrović P., and Milašinović G.

Defibrillation threshold testing (DFT) is a standard procedure during implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation, however, it is not without risks. We compared the one-year follow-up period in ICD-implanted patients, with and without DFT performed during implantation, for preventive indication in regard to appropriate and inappropriate ICD detection and therapy. One group consisted of 20 patients without DFT; another was comprised of 20 patients where DFT had been performed....

M. de la Luz Alvarez, and Ximena Concha, and Margarita Elordi, and Cecilia Lamilla, and Carolina Ramos, and Paulina Perez

Fueron estudiados los factores socioculturales que podrían estar influyendo en el desarrollo psicomotor normal del lactante desnutrido. La muestra consistió en 32 díadas madrelactante: 16 tenían CD normal (Grupo A) y 16 CD bajo lo normal (Grupo B) según el Test de Bailey aplicado a los lactantes recién ingresados a un Centro de Recuperación Nutricional. Los resultados muestran que había algunas diferencias en los antecedentes de los lactantes: Los lactantes del Grupo A eran producto de un embara...

Frederico Gustavo Rodrigues França, and Rafaella Amorim de Lima

Records of bats as prey of snakes are very few in the literature, but recent studies have shown that this predation doesn’t seem to be an unusual phenomenon. We present here the first record of predation on the bat Carollia perspicillata by the false coral snake Oxyrhopus petolarius in an Atlantic Rainforest area in the Northeastern Brazil.

W. T. Bu, and J. Zheng, and T. Aono, and K. Tagami, and S. Uchida, and J. Zhang, and M. C. Honda, and Q. J. Guo, and M. Yamada

The Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident led to the release of large amounts of radionuclides into the atmosphere as well as direct discharges into the sea. In contrast to the intensive studies on the distribution of the released high volatility fission products, such as ¹³¹I, ¹³⁴Cs and ¹³⁷Cs, similar studies of the actinides, especially the Pu isotopes, are limited. To obtain the vertical distribution of Pu isotopes in marine sediments and to ...

Anderson Barbosa Moura, and João Pedro Matiello, and Marcio Orides da Silva, and Antonio Pereira de Souza, and Amélia Aparecida Sartor

<p class="Pa7">Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>. Among domestic species, the horse is one of those most resistant to <em>T. gondii </em>infection; however, upon acute infection, horses may present hyperirritability, poor motor coordination, ocular disorders, and abortion. Herein, we investigated the presence of antibodies against <em>T. gondii</em>, in order to identify possible risk factors for infection in horses and to establish the correl...

P. Shanmugam, and Y. H. Ahn

Satellite ocean colour missions require a standard extraterrestrial solar irradiance spectrum in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) for use in the process of radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction and normalization of water-leaving radiances from in-situ measurements. There are numerous solar irradiance spectra (or models) currently in use within the ocean colour community and related domains. However, these irradiance spectra, constructed from single and/or multiple measurement...

Fu-Ping Gao

Anders Omstedt, and Mohamed Shaltout

Eastern Mediterranean water and heat balances wereanalysed over 52 years. The modelling uses a process-orientedapproach resolving the one-dimensional equations of momentum,heat and salt conservation; turbulence is modelled using a two-equation model. The results indicate that calculated temperature and salinity follow the reanalysed data well. The water balance in the Eastern Mediterranean basin was controlled by the difference between inflows and outflows through the Sicily Channel and by net p...

Massoumeh Farasat, and Ramazan-Ali Khavari-Nejad, and Seyed Mohammad Bagher Nabavi, and Foroogh Namjooyan

The antioxidant activity and the contents of total phenolics and flavonoids were quantified in the methanolic extracts of four Chaetomorpha species including C. aerea, C. crassa, C. linum and C. brachygona. Eight samples of Chaetomorpha plants were collected from five locations along the northern coasts of the Persian Gulf in south of Iran from December 2010 until October 2011. Methanolic extracts of the seaweeds were assessed for their antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging assay. C...

A. Baklanov, and A. Mahura, and A. Mahura, and J. H. Sørensen

There are objects with some periods of higher than normal levels of risk of accidental atmospheric releases (nuclear, chemical, biological, etc.). Such accidents or events may occur due to natural hazards, human errors, terror acts, and during transportation of waste or various operations at high risk. A methodology for risk assessment is suggested and it includes two approaches: 1) probabilistic analysis of possible atmospheric transport patterns using long-term trajectory and dispersion mo...

Vladimir Tkach

Background: The economics globalization leaded to the growth of the number of international and global supply chains, possessing potentially vulnerable places due to the reason of their high duration and existence of cultural and other barriers between the participants of supply chains. Intensification of international competition, in its turn, conditioned the increase of supply intensity, reduction of logistic chains links number and decrease in them of material reserves. Potential instability ...

Matiur Rahman

The Green's function formulation for ship motion at forward speed contains double integrals with singularities in the path of integrations with respect to the wave number. In this study, the double integrals have been replaced by single integrals with the use of complex exponential integrals. It has been found that this analysis provides an efficient way of computing the wave resistance for three dimensional potential problem of ship motion with forward speed.

Diego López, and Iván Naranjo, and Olga Pérez, and Vinicio Uday

The quality of the algae Ascphyllum nodosum was assessed as a growth promoter in the breeding stage of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and its immunostimulant effect with regard to fungal diseases as the Saprolegnia sp. 6000 fingerlings of 77 days of age were used, with an average weight of 0.15 g, distributed under a DCA. For the analysis of the results, it was applied the analysis of variance and separation of averages (Duncan to p<0.05), orthogonal comparisons and chi square. The seaweed ...

Pero Tutman, and Valter Kožul, and Boško Skaramuca

The spatial and temporal patterns in settlement of the juveniles of around 30 littoral species along the Croatian part of Adriatic Sea were studied from May 1998 to the present days. Sparidae was the most abundant family comprising 61,47% (13 species), followed by Labridae (10,37%, 11 species) and Atherinidae (9,35%, two species). The most abundant juvenile taxa were the sparid Boops boops and the atherinid Atherina boyeri accounting together for 76,91% of the total catch. Settlement intensity v...

Elizabeth Maree Grant

Shipping containers are gaining increasing recognition for their apparent durability, adaptability, light weight, ‘low cost' and ease of stacking, spurring a  trend that has resulted in shipping container sculpture, homes, housing, hotels, and museums. The use of prefabricated, pre-manufactured and prototype building methods for prison construction has grown considerably as some jurisdictions attempt to deal with the construction of prisons with speed and economy. In the last three years, shippi...

Kim Paul Kirsner

The research described in the present article was implemented to define the locations of two World War II shipwrecks, the German raider Kormoran, and the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney. The paper describes the long and complex trail that led through inefficient oceanographic prediction to ambiguous historical prediction involving a single report and on to precise cognitive prediction based on nine reports from more than 70 survivors, a process that yielded a single target position or ‘mean...

Walda Monteiro Farias, and Leonaldo Alves de Andrade, and Manoel Bandeira de Albuquerque, and João Rodrigues da Cunha

The use of aquatic macrophytes in substrate composition to produce seedlings of moringa is a sustainable alternative. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the development of moringa seedlings using substrates composed with aquatic macrophytes, and to determine concentrations of N, P and K in the seedlings. We used different combinations of weeds (M), manure (E) and topsoil (TV) to compose the substrates. The experiment was conducted in a 3 × 4 factorial in randomized arrange...

Guillaume Durand

Background Past findings support a relationship between abnormalities in the amygdala and the presence of psychopathic traits. Among other genes and biomarkers relevant to the amygdala, norepinephrine and mineralocorticoid receptors might both play a role in psychopathy due to their association with traits peripheral to psychopathy. The purpose is to examine if allelic variations in single nucleotide polymorphisms related to norepinephrine and mineralocorticoid receptors play a role in the displ...