We search for the decays of $B$ mesons to charmlessfinal states involving a baryon and an anti-baryon using 9.2 fb-1of e+e-annihilation data taken on the

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ANALYSIS OF THE OHIO HOPEWELL OF THEHOPEWELL MOUND GROUP By Lisa Ann Mills, Ph.D. The Ohio StateUniversity Professor Paul W. SciulliThe Hopewell Earthworks(33RO27) near Chillicothe Ohio, they have inspired awe andcuriosity since their discovery. The mounds have been the focusof numerous research projects which have posed the classicquestions of archeology. Mortuary analysis and biologicalprofiling have been the main tools used by researchers to examinethe Hopewell skeletal mate...

Music

For decades, American flutists have sought to identifyspecific traits that define their playing as a whole. While the"French School" has been characterized by a preoccupation withtone, a standard repertoire, and set of teaching materialswritten by Paris Conservatoire professors, no such definition canyet be set forth for the "American School." This documentprovides a clear starting point for research into the what,where, why, and how of the "American Flute School" b...

Chemistry, Physical

Laser light scattering diagnostic techniques, forcharacterization of weakly ionized molecular plasmas, aredeveloped and demonstrated in high pressure, low temperatureair-like molecular plasmas sustained by a continuous wave COlaser. Highly non-Boltzmann vibrational distribution functions(VDFs) of neutral species in the plasmas, which is created byanharmonic vibration-to-vibration up-pumping, are measured byspontaneous Raman scattering. Vibrational levels of all molecularspecies are significantly...

Health Sciences, Ophthalmology

Low Dk hydrogel contact lenses have been associatedwith minimal but measurable progression of myopia althoughevidence to the contrary exists. This so called

Australia and Oceania

This dissertation is a historical ethnographic study onthe act of reading in late imperial China. Focusing on thepractice and representation of reading, I present a mosaic of howreading was conceptualized, perceived, conducted, and transmittedfrom the tenth to the eighteenth centuries. My central argumentis that reading, or dushu, was an indispensable component in thetapestry of cultural life and occupied a unique position in thelandscape of social history in late imperial China. Reading isnot m...

Education, Technology

In this inquiry it is argued that examining teacherissues and needs is profoundly important in understanding thesuccesses and failures in the process of integrating technologyinto education. Given this argument, the study sought tounderstand those issues and needs by exploring the implementationprocess of four teacher educators involved in an implementationgrant whose goals were to integrate technology into teachereducation programs. This qualitative study (1) described theissues and needs of fo...

Computer Science

With the increased use of multimedia in dailycommunications, it is necessary to develop efficient and securetransmission mechanisms that are specifically tailored formultimedia. Real-time characteristics and high bandwidthrequirements of multimedia data requires efficient and scalablemechanisms. For success of commercial multimedia distribution,security mechanisms will be a major factor. Most of the researchon multimedia security have focused on watermarking relatedissues. Security issues relate...

Health Sciences, Nutrition

We hypothesize that energy intake / obesity mayincrease the risk of prostate cancer, in part, via increasedIGF-I activity. Furthermore, we propose that dietary componentsin tomato and soy may inhibit IGF-I activity and subsequentlyreduce prostate carcinogenesis. The first study describes thecharacterization of an in vitro serum free media (SFM) system inwhich rat AT6.3 prostate cancer cell proliferation and survivalare dependent on IGF-I. Using this model, we show that IGF-Istimulates cell proli...

Economics, Finance

Uncovered interest parity (UIP) is a simple model ofinternational asset market equilibrium that continues to form akey building block in many open economy macro models. Econometricanalyses, however, show that it is consistently rejected by thedata. Regressions of the future home currency depreciation on thecurrent interest differential yield a slope coefficient that isnot only less than unity as predicted by UIP but is typicallynegative-a finding known as the forward premium anomaly. Recentstudi...

Political Science, General

The purpose of this dissertation is to study theeffects of political institutions on party voting. My hypothesesare that multi-member districts with presidential systems likeTaiwan will generate the lowest level of party voting and thatsingle-member districts with parliamentary systems like Japanafter 1994 will generate the highest level of party voting.Multi-member districts with parliamentary systems like Japanbefore 1994 and single-member districts with presidential systemslike the U.S. will ...

Mathematics

It is known that many constructions arising in theclassical Gaussian infinite dimensional analysis can be extendedto the case of more general measures. One of such extensions canbe obtained through biorthogonal systems of polynomials andgeneralized functions. That approach was discussed by Yu.Daletsky, S. Albeverio, Yu. Kondratiev, L.Streit, W. Westerkamp,J.-A. Yan, J. Silva, et al., who considered a broad class ofnon-degenerate measures with analytic characteristic functionals.In this thesis we...

Education, Secondary

This study examines the intertexual relationshipbetween select young adult (YA) African American womensliterature and literature within the broader African Americanwomens literary tradition. Given that many secondary teachers arecommitted to teaching works by and about African American women,particularly those written for an adult audience, it is necessarythat scholars discuss the connection that exists between AfricanAmerican womens literature written for adults and literatureclassified as YA l...

Economics, General

Despite the success of inflation tageting in the 1990saround the world, recognizing the weaknesses of inflationtargeting, many have argued that more refinements are needed.When output is persistent, inflation targeting tends to have highlong-run inflation volatility. So price-path targeting, whichpromises lower inflation volatility, can be considered as analternative. However, I argue that an optimally chosen hybrid ofinflation targeting and price-path targeting gives even lowerinflation volatil...

Anthropology, Cultural

Western cultures have largely abandoned rituals thatrecognize and facilitate the transition into adulthood. Thiscultural indifference prompts some undergraduates

Computer Science

Cluster computing systems are becoming increasinglypopular computing environments for day-to-day computational needsbecause they are cost-effective and affordable. While clustersare considerably less expensive than massively parallelprocessors (MPPs), MPP communication performance is typicallymuch better than cluster communication performance. Some modernnetwork interface controllers (NICs) have programmable processorswhich can be used to offload communications processing from thehost processor....

Industrial

The continuing dominance of computers and the risingchorus of complaints from computer users highlight the importanceof understanding the risks associated with computer use.Particularly challenging are the issues of eyestrain and musclepain, the latter particularly puzzling because of the low forcelevels and static postures of computer work. To study eyestrainand muscle pain during computer work, a multi-disciplinaryapproach was developed, using techniques from three diversefields: biomechanics,...

Economics, Agricultural

Repeat borrowing is critical for the long-termviability of microfinance organizations (MFOs), which provideinvaluable financial services to low-income households indeveloping countries. Several MFOs worldwide are experiencinghigh borrower exit, i.e., termination of the lender-clientrelationship, which hamper organizational and financialsustainability. In the choice theoretic dynamic model, a firmmaximizes profits over her life cycle by investing in herbusiness on an on-going basis. To do this sh...

The purpose of this study was to examine student preferencesfor and performance on gender-oriented versus gender-neutraleducational computer games. As a secondary purpose, this lookedat the issue of whether educational computer games affectgirls

The Effects of Financial Aid on College Completion Iexamine effects of grant aid and education loan amounts on thecollege completion decision of students attending four-yearcolleges. The goal is to determine whether a given amount offinancial aid reduces the dropout probability, and whether it hasdifferential effects when given as grants versus loans. Usingdata from the Second Follow-up Survey of the 1994 BeginningPost-secondary Students Longitudinal Study, I estimate a probitmodel of the colleg...

Intron removal is a complex process carried out by adynamic cellular machine termed the spliceosome. To form afunctional spliceosome, five small nuclear ribonucleoproteinparticles (snRNPs) sequentially bind to a precursor mRNA(pre-mRNA) and then rearrange via an ordered series of RNA-RNAinteractions. Initially, the 5

Literature, Slavic and East European

In my dissertation, I address how fourtwentieth-century Russian poets grapple(d) with the mysteries ofpoetic inspiration and I propose what I consider to be theirpersonal mythologies of the creative process. As none of thesepoets offers a comprehensive description of his/her personalmythology of poetic creation, my task has been to sift throughthe poets poems and prose in order to uncover pertinent textualreferences to themes of inspiration. The four poet-subjects areOsip Mandelstam, Anna Akhmat...

Biology, Molecular

Osteoclasts are bone resorbing multinuclear cellsformed by the fusion of hematopoietic mononuclear precursorcells. Microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) is a basichelix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor importantfor the differentiation osteoclasts. MITF regulates theexpression of osteoclast-differentiation marker genes,Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K.Deletion in arginine 215 in the basic domain of MITF results insevere osteopetrosis in Mitfmi/mi mice....

The signature of ethnic nationalist communities isoften assumed to be a combination of shared ancestry, culture,and values (for example see Anderson 1991; Gellner 1983; Smith1986). Although these features reflect a common thread amongethnic nationalist communities, the question of what motivatesthe activities within these communities is far more complex. Inthis dissertation, I develop a model to clarify various elementsof the complex nature of transnational ethnic nationalistcommunities. I explo...

Education, Sciences

National standards for science teaching stress the useof inquiry teaching methods. One example of inquiry teaching isthe I Wonder Project, which has been used in the Madison, WIMetropolitan School District for over ten years. The purpose ofthe I Wonder Project is to promote scientific discourse amongelementary students through the publication of their research ina journal, similar in some ways to the scientific discoursewithin a community of scientists. This research study utilizesthe I Wonder P...

Economics, Agricultural

osu1058798180yes_pdfrodriguez.161@osu.edufabian196@hotmail.comManuel Chaleco, No 90-BPinar BajoP.O. Box 17-10-7193Quito - EcuadorManuel Chaleco, No 90-BPinar BajoP.O. Box 17-10-7193Quito - Ecuador593-2-330-0365593-2-330-0365Ecuador182 ppVarious environmental trade-offs arise in the Cotacachiwatershed, located in the Andes Mountains north of Quito,Ecuador. Of particular concern to the local population are thedeclining quality and diminished reliability of water suppliesfor household and agricultu...

Engineering, Industrial

The Functional, Flowline and Cellular Layouts aretraditional facility layouts that have been discussed in theliterature and implemented in industry. Selection of anappropriate layout for a multi-product facility poses a majorchallenge since the best decomposition of its material flownetwork is usually achieved by a hybrid layout that must combinethe flow and machine grouping attributes of the three traditionallayouts. Unfortunately, the Systematic Layout Planning (SLP)design process does not des...

Environmental Sciences

The United States Environmental Protection Agency hasbegun to encourage innovative market-based approaches to addressnonpoint source water pollution. These water quality tradingprograms have the potential to achieve environmental standards ata lower overall cost. Two fundamental questions must be answeredbefore these benefits can be realized: How will trades betweenpoint and nonpoint sources be monitored and enforced?; and, Howwill nonpoint sources be included within a trading market?Point-nonpo...

Economics, Labor

osu1059514769yes_pdfbaumann.43@osu.edu2657 Dayton Ave.Columbus, OH 43202United Statesx, 113The literature has largely ignored white poverty,perhaps because discrimination, particularly institutionalizeddiscrimination, is not a factor driving the process. Whitepoverty is also more easily ignored because it is rarelyconcentrated to the same extent as central city black poverty.The major exception to the diffusion of white poverty isAppalachia, a region that for decades has experienced thegreatest ...

; Sociology, Ethnic and Racial Studies

Most Americans want to live in quality neighborhoods,but there are great disparities in the characteristics ofresidential communities across the United States. Why do somehouseholds live in better neighborhoods than others?Specifically, why do African American and Latino households livein neighborhoods that are demographically different from those ofwhites with similar incomes? Part of the answer may be thatindividual levels of economic resources--such as wealth--improvethe chances of living in ...

Psychology, Social

Human beings are social animals; the need to belong andbe accepted is fundamental, and social exclusion can bedevastating. It is therefore not surprising that people havedeveloped behaviors, even automatic behaviors, which may helpthem to maintain relationships with important others. Research onnonconscious behavioral mimicry suggests that mimicking thenonverbal behaviors of others creates liking and rapport, and maytherefore represent one way for an excluded person to affiliatewith someone new....

Political Science, General

The study of support for courts long has been a focusof research by political scientists, and we know much about thelevels and correlates of support for the U.S. Supreme Court.However, only recently has scholarly research focused on thequestion of support for state and local courts and scholars knowmuch less about how support operates for these courts. Researchon state and local courts is further hindered by the lack of atheory of support for courts. This research focuses on theconcepts of diffu...

Sociology, General

This study examines how music is utilized in dragperformances to create an oppositional culture that challengesdominant structures of gender and sexuality. I situate thisanalysis in literature on the role of music and other culturalresources in the mobilization of social movement protest.Drawing from multiple sources of data, I demonstrate that dragqueen performers make use of popular songs to build solidarity,evoke a sense of injustice, and enhance feelings of agencyamong audience members

Biology, Molecular

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2(HTLV-2) are related but distinct oncogenic retroviruses. Both ofthem transform human primary T cells, however the precisetransformation mechanism remains to be elucidated. In thisthesis, we studied two HTLV regulatory proteins, Tax and Rex, andtheir role of in HTLV-mediated cellular transformation. It hasbeen shown that HTLV-1 has a preferential transformation tropismof CD4+ T cells, whereas HTLV-2 transforms primarily CD8+ Tcells. Since Tax...

Sociology, General

This dissertation explores the reciprocal relationshipbetween community organization and neighborhood mortality rates.Community organization captures a variety of social interactionsthat bring individuals together, providing an opportunity forcollective responses to neighborhood concerns. Socialorganization is recognized as a determinant of crime and negativeoutcomes, yet there is scant evidence about what factors shapethe degree to which one community is more or less organized thananother. Nor ...

Economics, Finance

My dissertation focuses on two key aspects of the largeand growing market for credit cards in the United States: (1) therole of private information in interest rate heterogeneity and(2) the changing search behavior of consumers that may havecontributed to falling interest rates in this market in the1990s. The first question examines whether asymmetric informationbetween banks about consumer credit-worthiness contribute tointerest rate heterogeneity in the credit card market. Theinformation set a...

; Education, Special

This study investigated the effects of function-basedinterventions on the off-task behavior and appropriatealternative responses (i.e., adult attention recruitmentbehavior) of four urban elementary-aged students with classroomproblem behaviors. Two second-grade general education studentsand two fourth-grade special education students participated inthe study. A functional assessment including multiple direct andindirect descriptive measures was conducted with each participantto identify the beha...

Biology, Ecology

I examined three aspects of forest fragmentation todetermine how they impact resident and migrant bird species. Thefirst aspect was the relationship between habitat patch area andspecies presence and richness. I performed an observational studyalong riparian woodlands to determine the abundance anddistribution of bird species and avian guilds. Woodland areabetter predicted bird species presence than woodland width. Inaddition, the probability of detection was positively correlatedwith woodland a...

History of Science; Mass Communications; Education, Sciences; Education, Social Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Geography

This dissertation examines scientific uncertainty as a boundary-ordering device between natural and social scientists. While current research in the human dimensions of global climate change typically uses knowledge and certainty as predictors of an individual s position on global climate change, then collapses the differences between scientists of different expertise into one expert group assumed to be both knowledgeable and certain on global climate change and then compares expert and non-expe...

In this work it is first shown that internal gain canbe applied specifically to hot BEEM electrons without amplifyingstandard BEEM noise sources. It is shown that BEEM with singlehot electron sensitivity (approximately a factor of 1000improvement in the minimum detectable BEEM signal) is attainablewith modified commercially existing avalanche photodiodes. Thisallows useful data collection at lower signal levels thanpreviously possible. With this new low-signal capability, it wasobvious that a ne...

Language, Ancient

Concerning research of the Roman home, I identify twoproblems. First, traditional scholarship on the Roman domus hastended to explore the physical structure in an effort to recoverthe objective truth about real homes. Recent scholarship,however, shows that there is more to the home than mathematics,facts, and physical matter. Second, archaeologists are generallyreluctant to consider the subjective, psychological aspects ofthe home, despite numerous ancient references to the home ashaving precise...

Mathematics

This thesis is devoted to singularity theory. It isshown that some families of isolated hypersurface singularitieshave special and surprising properties. More precisely, weconsider suspension hypersurface singularities of typeg=f(x,y)+z^n, where f is an irreducible plane curve singularity.For such germs, we prove that the link of g determines completelythe Newton pairs of f and the integer n except for twopathological cases, which can be completely described. Even inthe pathological cases, the l...

Speech Communication

The advent of consumerism in healthcare juxtaposed witha massive influx of medications available (e.g., prescription,over-the-counter, herbal, alternative therapy), increasingpopulation, decreased number of pharmacists, and the desire tomaximize positive health outcomes has resulted in the need tounderstand the intricacies of the pharmacist-patientcommunicative relationship. The underlying objectives of thisexploratory study included: (1) the determination of currentviews of pharmacist-patient c...

Political Science, General

For the past twenty years, gender differences inpolitics have been well documented, but much of the literaturethat deals with women and politics treats women as a monolithicgroup. The idea that differences among women, and not justdifferences between men and women, are politically important isjust beginning to get the attention it deserves. In this study Iexamine the effects of an interaction between two well-documentedpolitical characteristics

Chemistry, Biochemistry

My research focused on the structure determination ofproteins from three metalloenzyme systems by X-raycrystallography. The first target was rat DNA polymerase b, whichcatalyzes the template-directed nucleotidyl transfer reactionrequired for DNA replication. We have determined the crystalstructures of two intermediate complexes in the reaction pathwayof this enzyme, (i) a pre-chemistry ternary complex containingprotein, DNA, and a chromium dNTP analog and (ii) apost-chemistry complex after nucle...

; Transportation

This dissertation includes a detailed study of theeffects on jackknife stability when using brakes that have higherthan standard torque output on the prime mover. This research wasinitiated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration(NHTSA) to investigate the long-term effects of reducing thegovernment mandated stopping distances for heavy commercialvehicles (i.e., FMVSS 121 standards). A significant reduction instopping distance requirements would result in the need forhigher torque b...

Political Science, General

This dissertation examines the electoral impact of interestgroups

Biology, Microbiology

The urease enzyme of the gastric pathogen Helicobacterpylori catalyzes the degradation of urea into ammonia and carbondioxide. Urease is believed to protect the bacterium from gastricacid. Urease activity of H. pylori is essential for colonizationof the stomach. An objective of this dissertation was tocorrelate the level of urease expression with loss ofcolonization of H. pylori isolated from infected piglets andsubjected to rounds of in vitro passage. Using slot blot andreverse transcription-po...

; Biology, Cell

Expression of chicken glutamine synthetase (GS) isrestricted to the retina Müller glial cells. There are twoconsensus elements, a noncanonical TATA box and a CCAAT box,essential for the 95 bp chicken GS core promoter. The ubiquitoustranscription factor NF-Y activates GS relying on its interactionwith a single CCAAT box element located at position -62 to -58relative to the transcription start site. In addition, atranscription factor AP-2 alpha activates expression of aGS-luciferase fusio...

Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics

The radiation in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)last scattered off of matter during the epoch of recombination,when nuclei captured electrons for the first time, and itspredicted anisotropy power spectra are sensitive to the detailsof recombination. In light of recent high quality observations ofthe CMB, it is worthwhile to re-examine the constraints that canbe placed on recombination. We use a very general extension tothe standard model of recombination characterized by twoparameters, a a...