Biology, Veterinary Science

The objective of this dissertation was to determine ifthe pH-stat modified therapy is more effective than the pH-stattherapy in treating hemorrhagic shock and vascular hyporeactivityin dogs. The specific aims were to compare the effectiveness ofthese two treatments on systemic hemodynamics and acid-basebalance and to evaluate their efficacy in preventing vascularhyporeactivity in dogs with hemorrhagic shock. Twenty-threeanesthetized dogs were randomly assigned to four groups: I: One(1) dog inclu...

Education, Language and Literature

The current study focuses on pre-medicalstudents

History, Medieval

The sources for studying the early Middle Ages make itclear that many saw kinship, both by blood and marriage, as animportant and meaningful connection to others which shouldregulate one

The second half of the twentieth century saw cyclicalincreases in the number of democracies worldwide as well as arise in the number and intensity of ethnic rebellions. Someresearchers link these two trends, suggesting thatdemocratization unleashes ethnic tensions and gives rise toethnic-based rebellion. Another proposition in the literatureis that ethnic rebellion impedes democratization and may leadto democratic reversal.This dissertation examines the conditions under whichdemocracy and democr...

Economics, General

Three theoretical models on economic policies of developingcountries are developed. The first model explains the economicrationale for the observed policy combination of a developing country(inviting foreign direct investment (FDI) through education investment(EDI)) and the interest of a multinational corporation (MNC) about thelocal labor quality when it contemplates FDI. Information on locallabor is the source of a more efficient contract for the MNC with locallabor, and the local government c...

This dissertation contributes to the study of the termstructure of interest rates by addressing some of the gaps inthis literature. The term structure is an important channel ofmonetary transmission. It also contains information about theintertemporal choices made by economic agents. The expectationsHypothesis is the primary explanation in economics that linksshort term interest rates to long term interest rates. In thefirst essay I extend the literature by examining the expectationshypothesis i...

Chemistry, Inorganic

The perovskite structure with 1:1 M-site cationordering (or double perovskite; A2MM X6) is a well known and extensively studied structure type in solidstate chemistry. The ideal double perovskite has cubic symmetry,but many are distorted from the ideal structure. Structuraldistortions seen in perovskites are caused by electronic factors(i.e., Jahn-Teller ions), M-cation displacement from the centerof the MX6octahedra (i.e., cations with a stereoactive lone pair ofelectrons), and most commonly, o...

This study is a descriptive analysis of archival datacollected for the purpose of ascertaining the effectiveness of amultiple gating program implemented by the Child DevelopmentCouncil (CDC) Head Start of Franklin County. Multiple gatingincorporates a stepwise assessment procedure which begins with alarge-scale screening for purposes of identifying children whohave a low base-rate problem, such as a developmental delay inthe preschool-age population. Further, screenings are completed,which are m...

Education, Art

This is a case study focusing on student learning ondocent-led tours in art museums. It is a participant case studyin that I am Educator for Docent and Public Programs at theColumbus Museum of Art. The primary goal of this study is todescribe and measure student learning on a docent-led, thematictour that in part ustilizes an interactive exhibition, Eye Spy:Adventures in Art. Eye Spy contextualizes authentic works of art.This study also focuses on the use of evaluation tools formeasuring student...

Economics, Finance

Recent theoretical and empirical research suggests alink between a manager

Plasma; Biology, Entomology

Biological pesticides (i.e., biopesticides) are livingsystems, which introduce additional challenges with respect toformulation and delivery not previously encountered withconventional chemical pesticides. Understanding the effects ofthe different physical phenomena within a spray system isimportant to begin identifying the equipment characteristics andoperating conditions that are least detrimental to the biologicalagents. Specifically, this work considered the effects ofpressure differentials ...

Bacterial canker of tomato, caused byClavibacter michiganensissubsp.michiganensis(Cmm), is a devastating disease that proliferates in tomato xylemvessels. This research was initiated to genetically andbiochemically characterize two quantitative trait loci (QTL)fromLycopersicon hirsutumaccession LA407, Rcm2.0 and Rcm5.1, that confer partialresistance toCmm. Research conducted in this dissertation tested the hypothesisthat both loci confer resistance through differingmechanisms.A recurrent selecti...

Plasma; Biology, Entomology

Biological pesticides (i.e., biopesticides) are livingsystems, which introduce additional challenges with respect toformulation and delivery not previously encountered withconventional chemical pesticides. Understanding the effects ofthe different physical phenomena within a spray system isimportant to begin identifying the equipment characteristics andoperating conditions that are least detrimental to the biologicalagents. Specifically, this work considered the effects ofpressure differentials ...

Chemistry, Biochemistry

The expression patterns of many genes are regulated atthe post-transcriptional level. Therefore, understanding themechanisms of post-transcriptional processes such as splicing andnuclear export is extremely important. DExD/H box RNA helicasesare involved in remodeling RNA-RNA and RNA-protein complexes inall aspects of mRNA metabolism. One DExD/H box protein, UAP56, isa presumed RNA helicase that has been shown to be essential forthe nuclear export of all mRNAs in S. cerevisiae and D.melanogaster...

Family Studies; Sociology, Demography

The goal of this work is to examine how child andadolescent well-being are influenced by family mobility andneighborhood quality. Both of these factors have been shown toinfluence the overall well-being of youth, by altering successfulbehavioral development. Moving and high poverty neighborhoodsoften increase behavior problems. The connection between thesetwo processes has not been looked at previously, except amongfamilies participating in very selective residential mobilityprograms (e.g. Gautr...

Sociology, General

Scholars have shown that intergenerational transferspositively affect the recipient

A current priority of the National Highway TrafficSafety Administration (NHTSA) is to decrease stopping distancesof commercial vehicles. It has been found that longer stoppingdistances during panic stops increase the chances of collisionwith other vehicles. By using ABS modulated air-disk brakes inconjunction with electronic actuation (Electronic Control BrakingSystem, ECBS) on the prime mover (i.e. the tractor), the stoppingdistance can be decreased by as much as 30 %. However, due tofiscal rea...

Biology, Molecular

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) is anextracellular matrix-associated matricellular protein thatregulates diverse cellular activities including adhesion,migration, mitogenesis, differentiation and survival. The broadbiological properties of CTGF/CCN2 in many cell types likelyreflect its ability to bind to a variety of cell surfacemolecules (integrins, low density lipoprotein receptor-relatedprotein, heparin sulfate proteoglycans) as well as to otherbioactive molecules. CTGF/CCN2 synth...

Elementary

The stratification and education literatures havedemonstrated a large and persistent achievement test score gapbetween black and white students. The gap is evident whenstudents enter kindergarten and grows larger before studentsfinish high school. One of the primary questions in theliterature has been the role of schooling in the test score gap.However, the difficulty of empirically isolating the effect ofschooling from that of family background is particularlychallenging and has limited our con...

Philosophy

In order to have genuine disagreement, interlocutorsmust share terms, meanings, and concepts. Without this, theirdispute is merely verbal; it rests on linguistic confusion. Thisis true of all conversation, but many philosophers have thoughtthat moral discourse poses special problems. Moral discourseseems to contain intractable disagreements and lacks the sorts ofauthority and deference relations that are typical instraightforward empirical disagreement. This yields a potentphilosophical puzzle: ...

General; Economics, Agricultural

I simulate growth and quality changes for pens ofcattle and derive the value of pre-harvest sorting and geneticselection under grid pricing in a deterministic setting featuringanimals with heterogeneous growth and quality maturation paths.The key findings are: 1) both pre-harvest sorting and increasedgenetic uniformity could substantially affect an individualcattle feeder¡¦s net revenues; 2) one could expecthigher marginal revenue gains from the genetic uniformity thanfrom pre-...

Literature, Slavic and East European

In recent decades, much attention has been focused onliterary and linguistic iconicity. Poetry became the primaryfocus of investigations, while prose received substantially lessattention. The primary premise of this research is the existenceof correlations between ideas and beliefs that preoccupy aparticular society, and the literary forms in which those beliefsare expressed; i.e. the theory that language possessesnon-arbitrary linguistic signs. Thus, it is natural to supposethat any literary mo...

Biology, Entomology

Social wasps in the subfamily Polistinae represent two majortransitions in social habit. I present investigations of thecolony cycles of both primitively and highly eusocial wasps.The invasive European paper waspPolistes dominulusis shown to be much more productive than a native paper wasp,Polistes metricus, though a replacement phenomenon is lacking empirical support.Using a prediction of the future distribution ofP. dominulus, I demonstrate that, under a number of liberal assumptionsregarding ...

A measurement of the top anti-top quark pair productioncross section in $p \overline{p}$ collisions at a center-of-massenergy of 1.96 $TeV$ is presented. The measurement is made usingdata with integrated luminosity of 109.4 $pb^{-1}$, obtained atthe Collider Detector at Fermilab between August 2002 and May2003. A search is made for the dilepton decay channel of topanti-top production, $t \overline{t} \rightarrow \ell^+\nu_{\ell}b \ell^- \overline{\nu_\ell} \overline{b}$. The Standard Modeldilept...

Literature, English

Robert Frost once speculated on the relationshipbetween poetry and thought, conjecturing that all thinking wasgrounded in metaphor. Many people never took him seriously. Now,thanks to the work of many theorists in a number of diversefields, from linguistics to philosophy to cognitive science, wecan say with some certainty that he was right. Sentences buildthemselves around analogies; thought creates visual pictures inour brains; metaphors shape our ways of seeing the world. All ofthis appears to...

The sensorless vector controlled drive system of ACmotors has been examined by several researchers for over the pastfifteen years. Most of this research has been dedicated to thedesign of flux and speed estimations using advanced controltheories such as Sliding Mode Control, Model Reference AdaptiveSystem, and Kalman filter. Only a few publications have focusedon the current control strategies for the vector controlled driveof AC motors. Typically, the regular PI controller is chosenbecause of i...

The Realist paradigm minimizes or excludes altogetherregime attributes as a weighty and enduring factor in theinternational behavior of nations. However, research on thebehavior of democracies, in particular, has strongly suggestedthat some regime attributes exert a great of influence over astates behavior, particularly its propensity to become involvedin militarized interstate disputes. One specific result of thisline of research is that democracies do not war against otherdemocracies, or rarel...

Chemistry, Organic

The reaction of open-chain alpha-diketones withomega-alkenyl organometallics, under the proper conditions, ledto 1,2-diols bonded to terminal olefinic chains. Exemplified withbiacetyl, allylindation in aqueous THF and application ofGrignard reagents proceeded readily to give double addition atboth adjacent carbonyls respectively. The subsequent ring closingmetatheses have been examined. In case of larger ring formations,the diols reacted only if structurally preorganization, capableof facilitati...

Language, Linguistics

This dissertation explores sound alternations in aconsonant cluster in which at least one consonant is a sonorant(a son/C cluster, hereafter), that is, in sonorant plus sonorant,obstruent plus sonorant, or sonorant plus obstruent sequences. Inthis study, I hypothesize that phonological processes affectingson/C clusters are the result of segment contact rather than theSyllable Contact Law as discussed in Vennemann (1988), Clements(1998), Rice & Avery (1991), Baertsch & Davis (2000...

Power is the most important concept in politicalscience, and this is no different in the field of internationalrelations. In particular, one

Health Sciences, Pharmacy

Testosterone, an endogenous male hormone, is usedexogenously to treat many disorders. However, there are manydisadvantages to testosterone therapy, namely nonselectiveaction, low oral bioavailability, and an unfavorable side-effectsprofile. This has led to the investigation of compounds thatbypass these obstacles, known as selective androgen receptormodulators (SARMs). During in vitro studies in our laboratory, wediscovered modifications to bicalutamide produced androgenagonist activity. These p...

This dissertation is an extensive treatment of thephonological and phonetic properties of Jamaican Creole (JC)reduplication. While reduplication is thought to be a typical featureof Creole languages and has been studied in the past, to date littlework has been done on the phonetic or morpho-phonological properties ofthe process. Complementing the analysis of reduplication developed inthis work, is an analysis of the prosodic system of the language. Theanalysis posited treats the prosodic system ...

Administration; History, General

Military organizations are normally quite resistant tochange the way they operate. For a number of complex reasonsmilitaries have failed on occasion to anticipate, learn, andadapt to changes in the conduct of warfare. This work examinesthe anatomy of change and argues that achieving successfulorganizational change in the military results from garneringexternal support and winning internal consensus. It countersrecent scholarship that maintains the Interwar Army was ahidebound organization, unabl...

Photocatalytic properties of a material are highlydependent upon the energy levels of the conduction and valencebands relative to the reactantfs HOMO and LUMO. Band edgepositions control the wavelength of light that can be absorbedand the permissible surface redox reactions. These band edges areaffected by (a) the charge transfer energy from the oxygen tometal, (b) local symmetry about the metal, (c) the connectivityof the MOn polyhedra, and (d) inductive effects from highlyelectropositive spect...

During the twenty-five years between the beginning of theTaishō period in 1912 and the Japanese invasion of Chinain 1937, the spread of medical psychology and sexologicaldiscourse helped contribute to the development of new ideasabout masculinity and gender in Japan. Popular literaturerepresented one forum in which people explored, promoted, andqualified these new ideas. The manifestations of male-maledesire that one finds in the literature of the period, however,do not just passively r...

Biology, Genetics

Ets family transcription factors are regulated bysignal transduction pathways. Phosphorylation of the Ets-1 andEts-2 at a single conserved threonine residue (T38 and T72,respectively) by ras-MAPK pathways leads to their activation andpersistent target genes expression. The phosphorylation of Ets-2affected its activity, as well as its protein partnership. Ets-2interacted with Brg-1 or BS69 co-repressors in a phosphorylationdependent manner, and repressed target gene expression. Ets-2knockout mice...

Tube HydroForming (THF) process offers severaladvantages over the conventional manufacturing via stamping andwelding; a) part consolidation, b) weight reduction, c) improvedstructural stiffness, d) lower tooling cost, e) fewer secondaryoperations, and f) tight dimensional tolerances. Unfortunately,the current development method of THF processes is plagued withlong lead times, which is resulted from much iteration onprototyping. The formability of hydroformed tubular parts isaffected by a large n...

This thesis is concerned with the use of a logical languagefor specifying mappings between strings of symbols;specifically, the regular relations, those which can becomputed by finite-state transducers. Because of theirefficiency and flexibility, regular relations and finite-statetransducers are widely used in Natural Language Processing(NLP) for tasks such as grapheme-to-phoneme conversion,morphological analysis and generation, and shallow syntacticparsing. By exploiting logical representations...

Political Science, General

In survey after survey Americans have been found toapprove of the United States Supreme Court more than they approveof the United States Congress. This trend persists despite thefact that Congress is an elected body, giving the people morecontrol over it, and the Supreme Court consists of nine justicesappointed to their positions for life terms. In this study Iexamine two factors which explain part of the reason for thisdifference in public opinion-educational experiences and mediacoverage. Civi...

Engineering, Civil

Declassified Intelligence Satellite Photograph(DISP)data are important resources for measuring the geometry of thecoastline of Antarctica. By using the state-of-art digitalimaging technology, bundle block triangulation based on tiepoints and control points derived from a RADARSAT-1 SyntheticAperture Radar(SAR) image mosaic and Ohio State University(OSU)Antarctic digital elevation model(DEM), the individual DISPimages were accurately assembled into a map quality mosaic ofAntarctica as it appeared...

Engineering, Mechanical

In this thesis, an adaptive multi-level computationalmodel is developed to comprehensively address issues ofdiscretization and physically based modeling error in structuresconsisting of heterogeneous microstructures. The model consistsof three essential levels, (i) a purely macroscopic domain(level-0) with homogenized material parameters; (ii) amacro-micro domain (level-1) with the micro-domain represented bythe periodic repetition of a Representative Volume Element (RVE)and (iii) purely microsc...

This dissertation describes the design andimplementation of analog baseband filter and variable gainamplifiers (VGA) for wireless communication receivers. Sincediscrete high-Q image rejection and IF filters are eliminated,fully integrated receiver architecture demands baseband filtersand VGAs which exhibit high linearity and wide dynamic range. Inthis dissertation, baseband chains for WLAN receivers and basestation application, and low voltage transresistance based filterand VGA are presented. F...

Language, Linguistics

This dissertation investigates French intonational structureand the role of language-specific intonational cues to speechsegmentation, the listener s task of determining where wordsbegin and end. The Lady Mondegreen of the title never existed:she was created in the imagination of a young child whomissegmented a line from one of her favorite poems.French intonation is characterized by an obligatoryfundamental frequency (F0) rise on the last syllable of aphrase (1a) and an optional early rise near...

Immunology

Monocytes are precursors to tissue macrophages. Weperformed microarray expression analysis to determine the geneticexpression profiles of peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) andalveolar macrophages (AM). Our data indicates that severalhundred genes are differentially regulated in PBM and AM. Theseinclude genes involved in cellular scavenging, intracellularsignaling pathways, cellular survival and/or differentiation. Weobserved that the chemokine receptor expression profiles of PBMand AM differed in...

Pollution from nonpoint sources (NPS), and agriculturein particular, remains as one of the largest sources of waterquality impairments in the United States. As is well known in theliterature, there are many difficulties with designingregulations for reducing nonpoint source pollution (i.e., Tomasi,Segerson, and Braden, 1994). Uncertainty and asymmetricinformation are the key regulatory difficulties in the control ofNPS. The main goal of this study is to describe a potentialincentive scheme that ...

Biology, Microbiology

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(RubisCO) catalyzes the biological reduction and assimilation ofcarbon dioxide gas to organic carbon. Until recently it wasbelieved that there were only two forms of RubisCO, form I andform II. However, recent completion of several genome-sequencingprojects uncovered open reading frames resembling RubisCO in thethird domain of life, the archaea. Previous work and homologycomparisons, suggest that these enzymes represent a third form ofRubisCO, form ...

Perillyl alcohol (POH) is a metabolite of the essentialoil

History, United States

The Kennedy administration of 1961-1963 was an eramarked by increasing tension in U.S.-Soviet relations,culminating in the Cuban missile crisis of October 1962. Thisperiod provides a snapshot of the culture and politics of theCold War. During the early 1960s, broader concerns about genderupheaval coincided with an administration that embraced a uniqueideology of masculinity. Policymakers at the top levels of theKennedy administration, including President John F. Kennedy,operated within a cultura...

The World Englishes and English as an InternationalLanguage (EIL) points of view have challenged the traditionalschemes of applied linguistics research. Since English belongs toall the worldwide users, nonnative speakers

Chemistry, Organic

The recent spurt of in interest in conformationallyrestricted nucleosides has brought into focus concern for thedevelopment of spirocyclic nucleosides as potential drugcandidates and as potential modulators of DNA conformation andstability. Herein a convenient synthesis a number of spirocyclicnucleosides is detailed. This new class of nucleosides hasexamples in four different series; sddN, sd4N, sN (RNA), and sdN(DNA). Three unique synthetic strategies were utilized in thedevelopment of all four...