Geological and Planetary Sciences

NOTE: Text or symbols on renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.Alluvial fans were studied in the field, largely in the desert regions of California, and in the laboratory. Field study consisted of detailed mapping of ages and sizes of debris, channel patterns, and deposits of different types on parts of four fans, and reconnaissance work on over 100 additional fans. Reconnaissance generally consisted of outlining the fan, noting material size and...

Physics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.A maximum-likelihood procedure for determining mean lifetimes of V-particles from cloud chamber data is discussed and applied to samples taken from a group of 134 neutral V-particle decays. For 74 events which were consistent with a decay into a proton and a negative pi meson, a lifetime of (2.5[...]0.7) x 10(superscript -10) sec is obtained. Dividing the data into "low-Q" ...

Engineering and Applied Science

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.An experimental investigation was conducted in Leg 1 of the GALCIT 5 x 5 inch Hypersonic Wind Tunnel to determine the heat transfer coefficients of the laminar boundary layer on a cooled flat plate at a nominal Mach number of 5.8. As a consequence of the investigation, flat plate recovery factors were determined and the effect of condensation on heat transfer was noted. In addition q...

Engineering and Applied Science

Part I. An Experimental Study of Partial and Complete Film Boiling with Forced Convection.An apparatus was developed to investigate the regions of peak heat flux, partial film boiling, and complete film boiling. High-speed motion pictures and experimental data were taken to study the effects of liquid velocity, pressure, and temperature on the boiling heat transfer in subcooled-distilled-degassed water. The motion pictures showed the types of vapor formation which occur in each of the three regi...

Chemistry

Section I contains a description of the structural investigations of several compounds of boron, using electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction techniques. The structure of stable pentaborane has been determined and the interatomic distances and bond angles have been derived. The structure of tetraborane has been found and approximate values for the parameters are given. A possible model for unstable pentaborane has been found. A magnesium boride, MgB[subscript 2], has been prepared and shown ...

Aeronautics

An investigation was made of the effect of different cyclic heat treatments on the "high rate" creep and stress-strain characteristics of FS-lh magnesium alloy and 75S-T6 aluminum alloy sheet metal. The heat treatments to which the alloys were subjected consisted of a varying series of heating and cooling cycles such that the periods at heat treating temperature totaled 60 minutes. Temperatures investigated were 250[degrees] and 550[degrees]F. Following heat treatment, both tensile and...

Physics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.A magnetic lens spectrometer has been used in conjunction with an electrostatic accelerator to study gamma-radiation produced by light-nuclear reactions. The apparatus and techniques for its use are described. Formulas are given which are used in analyzing the data.A radiative transition in Li[superscript 6], produced by the (resonant) reaction Be[superscript 9](p[...])Li[superscript...

Engineering and Applied Science

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.A direct measurement of flat plate laminar local skin friction was undertaken at M = 5.8 in the GALCIT Hypersonic Wind Tunnel, Leg No. 1. A new balance particularly suited to the requirements of hypersonic experimentation was designed.By means of the fluorescent lacquer technique for indicating boundary layer transition, unexpectedly high natural transition Reynolds numbers were obse...

Biology

This paper concerns those systems present in the epicotyls of eliolated pea seedlings which inactivate the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (I.A.A.). It consists of two sections which deal with (a) the enzyme system collectively known as I.A.A. oxidase and (b) a group of dialyzable substances which sensitize the photodestruction of I.A.A.I.A.A. oxidase, which behaves as a flavoprotein coupled to a peroxidase is shown to have a partial cofactor requirement. Two alternative systems are postulate...

Astronomy

Nineteen variable stars with periods greater than one day were observed in six globular clusters. The observational techniques and the accuracy of the measurements are discussed and light curves for 15 variables are exhibited.Color-magnitude diagrams for six clusters are presented and the distance modulus to each is derived.The resulting period-luminosity relation for type II cepheids indicates there are actually three separate lines in the period-luminosity diagram which these variables occupy....

Biology

The auxin-induced growth reaction of the Avena coleoptile has been treated by methods of classical enzyme kinetics. The kinetic treatment makes it possible to characterize the growth promoting activity of an auxin by two parameters, K[subscript s] and V[subscript max]. These express respectively the affinity of the auxin for the auxin-receptive site within the plant and the ability of the complex thus established to promote growth.Treatment of Avena section growth by the methods of enzyme kineti...

Chemistry

PART I.The reaction between D(+)-2,3-epoxybutane and alcohols is accompanied by a Walden inversion. The 3-methoxy-2-butanol prepared in this manner is an erythro-isomer, for meso-2,3-dimethoxybutane can be prepared from it by the Williamson synthesis.PART II.Permanganate oxidation under alkaline conditions has been employed as a method for the quantitative determination of aqueous solutions of 3-hexyne.3-Hexyne and several homologs (methyl groups in the 1-, 2- and 5-positions) have been synthesi...

Physics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.Proton stopping cross sections for gases and vapors were measured in the energy range 30 to 600 kev. A beam of protons was passed through a chamber with thin aluminum end walls containing the gas or vapor to be measured. The energy of the beam was measured before and after passing through the chamber and with and without the gas in the beam in order to measure the energy loss in the ...

Chemical Engineering

Part I.The investigation of the kinetics of the decomposition of the liquid phase of nitric acid has indicated that the reaction probably proceeds by way of the unimolecular decomposition of dinitrogen pentoxide which exists in the pure acid. The effects of several inorganic additives in suppressing the rate of decomposition are in agreement with the postulate involving dinitrogen pentoxide. The magnitude of the inhibition of the decomposition by various additives has been found to be insufficie...

Aeronautics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.PART I. Ethylene Oxide as a Monopropellant.Thermodynamic calculations to determine the theoretical performance of ethylene oxide as a monopropellant have been carried out for various possible decomposition reactions. A survey of the literature on the kinetics of the thermal decomposition of ethylene oxide is presented.PART II. Experimental Measurement of the Heats of Dissociation of ...

Biology

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.The soluble cytoplasmic proteins of the leaves of dicotyledonous plant species have been characterized as to their chemical and physical chemical properties. Elephoretically, the proteins migrate as a single major component and from one to six minor components, the number depending upon the species. The principal component has a mobility of ca. 5.0 to 5.5 x 10[superscript 5] [. . .] ...

Physics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.In a set of 23,000 cloud chamber photographs taken in a study of penetrating showers, 134 examples of the decay of neutral V-particles were observed. These have been analyzed in an endeavor to determine the properties associated with this phenomenon.It is apparent in the great majority of cases that the two charged decay products are protons and negative [pi]-mesons. There is, howeve...

Aeronautics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.This thesis is a report on the results of an experimental investigation into the effects of cyclic heating and cooling prior to testing on the tensile and creep properties of aluminum alloy 75S-T6 Alclad sheet. A similar investigation concerning magnesium alloy sheet is described by J. N. Lindsley in Reference 1.Specimens of 75S-T6 Alclad sheet were cyclically heated in an electric o...

Aeronautics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.This analysis deals with three-dimensional boundary layer flows which are of particular interest in the design of turbomachinery. By assuming only small lateral pressure gradients and applying perturbation procedure to the steady, laminar boundary layer equations of motion a set of zeroth and first order equations is found. While the zeroth order equations are just the two-dimensiona...

Geological and Planetary Sciences

(1) It has been found that the diurnal variation of the 6300-6364 Angstrom OI radiation is similar to the diurnal variation of the electron density of the F Layer of the ionosphere. It has been suggested that this similarity is not incidental, and the two phenomena are closely related to each other. The factor of proportionality changes with the seasons.(2) It has been found further that the diurnal variation of the intensity of the 5577 OI radiation is similar to the diurnal variation of the he...

Physics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.The results reported in this thesis may be summarized as follows:1. Nuclear scattering by thin foils has been extended from 80,000 to 145,000 volts.2. A more critical criterion for single scattering by thin foils is obtained which depends on the shape of the curve connecting [...], the amount of scattering, with the angle.3. Secondary electrons are eliminated by applying high equival...

Physics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.In set of about 23,000 cloud chamber photographs, 37 V[...]-particles and 9 charged V-particles were produced in nuclear interactions in a lead plate between two cloud chambers in a magnetic field. An analysis of the circumstances of occurrence of V-particles strongly indicates that the V-particles were produced principally by mesons. Production of V[...]-particles by nucleons is als...

Aeronautics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.In Section I available measurements in low-speed turbulent boundary layer flow are compared with a simple analysis based on functional similarity, and the boundary layer is found to be unique within the accuracy of the experimental data. Some consequences of the mean equations of motion are obtained, including the distribution of shearing stress through the boundary layer, and an att...

Engineering and Applied Science

Recent investigations of fuel injection in spark ignition engines have aroused new interest in two stroke cycle engines. The performance of such engines is very much affected by the dynamic behaviour of the fresh air introduced and the exhaust leaving the cylinder through ports, receivers and silencers. The present investigation has as its aim the clarification and establishment of trends in the performance of two stroke engines with particular reference to crank case scavenged engines.The basic...

Engineering and Applied Science

Part I of this thesis contains a review of the basic theory of the cable and stiffening girder combination according to the method of Dr. Rode which takes into account the inevitable longitudinal displacements of the suspender connections, when the cable is deflected from its normal configuration.Numerical calculations have been carried out to establish the order of magnitude of approximations in the ordinary deflection theory as developed in this country by F. E. Turneare from the work of J. Me...

Chemistry

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf documentPart I.The magnetic resonance of triplet excitons in solid free radicals has been studied in both zero magnetic field and a high magnetic field. A discussion of the spin Hamiltonian for triplet excitons in zero field and high field is presented. Calculations of the second moment of the exciton resonances is given and compared for the two cases. The fine-structure splittings of triplet...

Chemistry

Solid-state NMR techniques have been used to measure the proton lineshapes, Knight shifts, and relaxation times in several transition metal hydrides. The objective of these studies is to obtain a better understanding of the roles of host metal structure and substitutional alloying on the hydrogen site occupancy, the electronic structure properties, and diffusion mechanisms.An improved method for observing the rigid-lattice proton lineshapes and extracting the second moments has been developed. C...

Computation and Neural Systems

How can molecules compute? In his early studies of reversible computation, Bennett imagined an enzymatic Turing Machine which modified a hetero-polymer (such as DNA) to perform computation with asymptotically low energy expenditures. Adlemans recent experimental demonstration of a DNA computation, using an entirely different approach, has led to a wealth of ideas for how to build DNA-based computers in the laboratory, whose energy efficiency, information density, and parallelism may have potenti...

Electrical Engineering

Quasi-optical amplifiers combining the output powers of hundreds of transistors have demonstrated the capability to deliver more than 10 Watts of power at millimeter wave frequencies. However, these amplifiers are large and expensive to manufacture. In this work, we attempt to find a compact, low-cost approach using metallic waveguide to package a grid amplifier. This thesis details the design and implementation of a grid amplifier packaged in waveguide. Frequency and time-domain simulation meth...

Aeronautics

A series of experiments were carried out in order to understand the relationship between wake structure and heat transfer for a transversely oscillating circular cylinder in cross-flow and to explore the dynamics of the vortex formation process in the wake. The cylinders heat transfer coefficient was determined over a range of oscillation amplitudes up to 1.5 cylinder diameters and oscillation frequencies up to 5 times the stationary cylinder natural shedding frequency. The results were compared...

Physics

We report on a search for charmless hadronic B decays to the three-body final states K<sup>0</sup><sub>S</sub>h<sup>+-</sup>pi<sup>-+</sup>, K<sup>+-</sup>h<sup>-+</sup>pi<sup>0</sup>, and K<sup>0</sup><sub>S</sub>h<sup>+-</sup...

Physics

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.A discussion of the general equations for steady motion of a viscous incompressible fluid from the point of view of a minimum or variation principle has, as far as the writer is aware, never been given. Helmholtz, in a classical paper 1) "On the Theory of a Stationary Flow in Viscous Fluids," has shown that if the quadratic terms in velocity be neglected, if the velocities ...

Chemistry

We report on the synthesis and characterization of various chromium and gallium complexes of the corrole 1,5,15-trispentafluorophenylcorrole (tpfc)H3. We synthesized a chromium(V)oxo compound by reaction between (tpfc)H3 and Cr(CO)6 in refluxing toluene. Characterization of the compound via EPR and MS revealed a d1 metal species. Hyperfine splittings for the compound are A(53Cr) 1.64 mT, A(14N) 0.30 mT. Combined with the X-ray bond lengths (Cr-O, 1.545(2) Å; Cr-N, 1.969/1.991 Å...

Social Science

This thesis deals with individual decision making under uncertainty and extends standard economic and financial models with risk in order to model attitudes towards ambiguity. Empirical violations of the leading theories of choice have pointed out the relevance of ambiguity on individual choices. Much empirical evidence, inspired by Ellsberg s experiment, shows that people prefer bets whose odds of winning are known, thus suggesting aversion to ambiguity.The relevance of uncertainty is pervasive...

Engineering and Applied Science

NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by []. Abstract is included in .pdf document.In this report of work on the ultimate strength of thin sheet metal panels, the general formulas for the design of such panels has been developed. Two important equations have been obtained by theoretical reasoning, namely that the total load carried in compression by any unstiffened, simply supported panel can be given by P = C[] and that the constant of C is given by C = f([]) = f([])...

Engineering and Applied Science

In this paper it is shown that the shear fields on either side of the westerlies are dynamically unstable and will roll up to form discrete eddies. A study of the stable vortex systems into which these eddies might collect shows that a "vortex street" is stable for a certain range of the ratio of width to vortex spacing. It is also shown that a formation with vortices placed on the corners of a regular polygon is stable if the number of vortices is less than seven. This still holds if ...

Mathematics

We consider Jacobi matrices J with real b_n on the diagonal, positive a_n on the next two diagonals, and with u (x) the density of the absolutely continuous part of the spectral measure. In particular, we are interested in compact perturbations of the free matrix J_0, that is, such that the a_n go to 1 and b_n go to 0. We study the Case sum rules for such matrices. These are trace formulae relating sums involving the a_n s and b_n s on one side and certain quantities in terms of the spectral mea...

Mathematics

A survey of the field of non-commutative algebra and arithmetic indicates that a great many of the results are simply statements concerning a lattice the elements of which combine under an additional operation of multiplication. This fact suggests that the investigation of the algebraic and arithmetical properties of lattices with a non-commutative multiplication should simplify and correlate to a large extent a number of the important fields of modern algebra. Such an investigation is the subje...

Engineering and Applied Science

This report is concerned with the statics and dynamics of very thin wings of high speed airplanes. With the modern tendency towards sweepback, which is necessary for supersonic airplanes, the wing construction tend more and more to an ideal structure, hence for the static problem of this report, the wing is idealized to a thin cantilever elastic plate.Part I gives a general formulation of the fundamental equations of deformation of thin elastic plates and the direct methods of solution. For smal...

Applied Physics

Theoretical studies of the role of structural inversion symmetry (SIA) and bulk inversion symmetry (BIA) in the band structure and tunneling properties of zincblende heterostructures have been carried out.The effective bond orbital model (EBOM) method is used to examine the spin splitting due to SIA in AlSb/InAs/GaSb asymmetric heterostructures. It is found for the resulting two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) that large theoretical values of the Rashba coefficient in the range of 50E-10 eV.cm c...

Environmental Science and Engineering

Particulate air pollution is of growing concern in the United States and around the world. Elevated concentrations of aerosols (solid particles and liquid droplets suspended in air) are correlated with increased cases of lung cancer, cardiopulmonary disorders, and human mortality. A detailed understanding of the size, chemical composition, and concentration of atmospheric particles is needed to assess their effects on human health, as well as on regional visibility and global climate. One can ac...

Geological and Planetary Sciences

Part 1 of this thesis addresses the question of how variable fault slip per event is through time. This question is important, because progress in understanding and forecasting large earthquakes depends critically on precise reconstruction of the variation of rupture magnitude with time. Well-documented examples of slip measurements of successive past earthquakes rarely span more than three earthquake cycles. The dearth of accurate measurements of serial slip is partly due to the obliteration of...

Applied Mathematics

We present an algorithm for computing the closest point transform to an explicitly described manifold on a rectilinear grid in low dimensional spaces. The closest point transform finds the closest point on a manifold and the Euclidean distance to a manifold for the points in a grid. We consider manifolds composed of simple geometric shapes, such as, a set of points, piecewise linear curves or triangle meshes. The algorithm solves the eikonal equation |grad u| = 1 with the method of characteristi...

Chemistry

A novel metallocarboxypeptidase (PfuCP) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus was purified and characterized to investigate its dependence on metal ion cofactors and to evaluate its suitability as a biotechnological tool for protein sequencing at elevated temperatures.The crystal structure reveals a dimer of primarily a-helical subunits that bears no resemblance to the a/b-hydrolase morphology of typical carboxypeptidases and which defines a new family of HEXXH metalloproteases...

Mechanical Engineering

Motivated by considerations of shape changing propulsion of underwater robotic vehicles, I analyze the mechanics of deformable bodies operating in an ideal fluid. I give particular attention to fishlike robots which may be considered as one or more flexing or oscillating hydrofoils. I then describe methods of planning trajectories for a fishlike robot or any other sort of robot whose locomotion has a periodic or quasi-periodic nature.This doctoral work was performed by Richard Mason at the Calif...

Applied Physics

Recent advances in nanotechnology have shrunk the size of mesoscopic structures. This allows us to investigate the quantum mechanics of mechanical oscillators. In this thesis we focus on two aspects.In Part I, an individual discrete mode structure of an oscillator and its effect to thermal conductance have been thoroughly examined: Specifically, we investigated the reduction in the thermal conductance in the quantum limit due to phonon scattering by surface roughness, first using scalar waves, t...

Geological and Planetary Sciences

The Martian polar layered deposits constitute a detailed record of geologically recent environmental conditions. In this thesis I examine processes that have affected this history over timescales ranging from $approx10^2$ to $approx10^7$ Martian years. To complete the work in this thesis I developed a geographic database of the Martian polar regions to enable comparisons of different datasets spread over different missions.I report on the discovery of a large sand rich unit underlying the northe...

Electrical Engineering

This thesis describes the development of a new type of optical microscope, an apertureless near-field microscope for fluorescence imaging (FANSOM). We have demonstrated that it is possible to use the probe of an atomic force microscope (AFM) to create a detectable modulation of the fluorescence of a nanometer-scale fluorescent object, and that it is possible to use that modulation to produce images by raster-scanning. Our results show that such a microscope is capable of a lateral resolution bet...

Social Science

I. Chapter 1 presents a convenient notation for describing methods of aggregating information to form posterior distributions, allowing a description of Bayesian updating and many of the cognitive errors people commit in the lab. Chapter 2 looks at the monotone ordering problem: if the prior distributions are ordered in some manner, what updating operations will preserve that ordering? Bayesian updating is a member of a small class of operators which preserve the monotone likelihood ratio proper...

Applied Physics

The work presented in this thesis concerns the development of two different semiconductor heterostructure technologies.Part I describes research in the CeO2/silicon heterostructure system. Details are presented concerning the growth of CeO2 on silicon and the reactions that take place at the CeO2/silicon interface. The evolution of this interface as a function of annealing temperature and annealing ambient are studied via in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Studies of metal-CeO2-sili...