Zhi-gang JIAO, and Zhi-jie WANG, and Wei-min CAO, and Ying-juan ZHENG, and Yuan-yuan JIANG, and Yan-ge ZHANG, and Yong-sheng CHEN, and Xi-jiang ZHOU

Objective　To investigate and evaluate whether the present physical examination standards for selection of pilot trainees meet the requirements for the medical selection of pilot trainees. Methods　The experimental procedure was divided into three steps to evaluate the physical examination standards for the selection of pilot trainees. The first step was to compile a manual of investigation, which was composed of suitability assessments and the result of its use. The second step was to screen for ...

Yamamoto M, and Kubota K, and Okazaki M, and Dobashi A, and Hashiguchi M, and Doi H, and Suka M, and Mochizuki M

Michiko Yamamoto,1 Kiyoshi Kubota,2 Mitsuhiro Okazaki,3 Akira Dobashi,3 Masayuki Hashiguchi,4 Hirohisa Doi,1 Machi Suka,5 Mayumi Mochizuki4 1Education Center for Clinical Pharmacy Practice, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan; 3Education and Research Institute of Information Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; 4Division for Evaluation and Analysis of Drug In...

Chuayrodmod, J., and Chiayvareesajja, S., and Leelasuphakul, W., and Puetpaiboon, U.

A comparative study was made to select the most suitable biofilter from 7 types of commercial water filters by rearing hybrid catfish (Clarias macrocephalus x C. gariepinus) in aquaria for 64 days. It was found that diminishing concentrations of ammonia and nitrite were attributed mainly to nitrifying bacteria that convert ammonia into nitrite and nitrate which required a minimum period of 16-28 days for the process to function. Low absorption of ammonia was achieved through using activated carb...

Archie Carr

The sea turtle Lepidochelys kempi has an extensive range in coastal waters of the United States, and in parts of Florida is abundant as a seasonal resident. All known populations are sexually immature, and the breeding area of the species is not known. The present paper suggests the necessity of assuming a distant origin for the North American population, examines fragmentary evidence bearing on the coronary assumption of migratory movement, and somewhat hesitantly proposes the coast of northwes...

D P Senyilmaz, and O Kasaboglu

Aims: This study evaluated the clinical and radiographic outcome of implants placed in the posterior maxilla with the osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) technique without graft material. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven 4.1-mm-diameter dental implants (Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland) were placed to 17 sinuses with residual bone height of ≤10 mm and ≥5 mm to rehabilitate 23 molar and 4 premolar sites. Implants were simultaneously placed with the OSFE procedure without graft material. R...

Anstead Michael I, and Ballard Hubert O, and Shook Lori A

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Azithromycin reduces the severity of illness in patients with inflammatory lung disease such as cystic fibrosis and diffuse panbronchiolitis. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a pulmonary disorder which causes significant morbidity and mortality in premature infants. BPD is pathologically characterized by inflammation, fibrosis and impaired alveolar development. The purpose of this study was to obtain pilot data on the effectiveness and safety of prophylact...

Lokukaluge P. Perera, and B. Mo

Modern vessels are designed to collect, store and communicate large quantities of ship performance and navigation information through complex onboard data handling processes. That data should be transferred to shore based data centers for further analysis and storage. However, the associated transfer cost in large-scale data sets is a major challenge for the shipping industry, today. The same cost relates to the amount of data that are transferring through various communication networks (i.e. sa...

A. Trobec, and M. Busetti, and F. Zgur, and L. Baradello, and A. Babich, and A. Babich, and A. Cova, and E. Gordini, and R. Romeo, and I. Tomini, and S. Poglajen, and P. Diviacco, and M. Vrabec

We use various geophysical datasets (multibeam and singlebeam echosounder data, sub-bottom profiling Chirp and sonar data and very high-resolution boomer seismic data) along with published sedimentological data and depth data from nautical charts in order to create models of the depth of the seafloor and the base of Holocene marine sediment in the Gulf of Trieste. The two models are later used in order to calculate the thickness of marine Holocene sediment which has been depositing on the ...

D. Han, and D. Han, and M. J. Currell

Groundwater is an important water resource for agricultural irrigation and urban and industrial utilization in the coastal regions of northern China. In the past 5 decades, coastal groundwater salinization in the Yang–Dai river plain has become increasingly serious under the influence of anthropogenic activities and climatic change. It is pivotal for the scientific management of coastal water resources to accurately understand groundwater salinization processes and their causative factors....

Ines Mancini, and Matteo Planchestainer, and Andrea Defant

Abstract In the light of the promising bioactivity of the tetraarsenic marine metabolite arsenicin A, the dimethyl analogue 2 and four isomeric methylene homologues (including the natural product itself) were obtained using a one-pot microwave-assisted synthesis, starting from arsenic (III) oxide. Due to the poor diagnostic value of the NMR technique in the structural elucidation of these molecules, they were fully characterized by mass spectrometry and infrared (IR)-spectroscopy, comparing dens...

Eugenio Rastelli, and Cinzia Corinaldesi, and Antonio Dell’Anno, and Marco Lo Martire, and Silvestro Greco, and Maria Cristina Facchini, and Matteo Rinaldi, and Colin O’Dowd, and Darius Ceburnis, and Roberto Danovaro

Abstract Surface ocean bubble-bursting generates aerosols composed of microscopic salt-water droplets, enriched in marine organic matter. The organic fraction profoundly influences aerosols’ properties, by scattering solar radiations and nucleating water particles. Still little is known on the biochemical and microbiological composition of these organic particles. In the present study, we experimentally simulated the bursting of bubbles at the seawater surface of the North-Eastern Atlantic Ocean...

Felisa Rey, and Elisabete da Costa, and Ana M. Campos, and Paulo Cartaxana, and Elisabete Maciel, and Pedro Domingues, and M. Rosário M. Domingues, and Ricardo Calado, and Sónia Cruz

Abstract Sacoglossan sea slugs, also known as crawling leaves due to their photosynthetic activity, are highly selective feeders that incorporate chloroplasts from specific macroalgae. These “stolen” plastids - kleptoplasts - are kept functional inside animal cells and likely provide an alternative source of energy to their host. The mechanisms supporting the retention and functionality of kleptoplasts remain unknown. A lipidomic mass spectrometry-based analysis was performed to study kleptoplas...

Karin Mattsson, and Elyse V. Johnson, and Anders Malmendal, and Sara Linse, and Lars-Anders Hansson, and Tommy Cedervall

Abstract The tremendous increases in production of plastic materials has led to an accumulation of plastic pollution worldwide. Many studies have addressed the physical effects of large-sized plastics on organisms, whereas few have focused on plastic nanoparticles, despite their distinct chemical, physical and mechanical properties. Hence our understanding of their effects on ecosystem function, behaviour and metabolism of organisms remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that plastic nanoparticles...

Arun V. Ravindran, and Andres Herrera, and Stan Kutcher, and Joanna Henderson, and Andres Herrera, and Stan Kutcher, and Joanna Henderson, and Magda Castrillo, and Jonathan Ramirez, and Tricia L. da Silva

Mahesh Shukla

E.J. Leroux, and T. Ohn, and P.M. Lwin, and A. Wagner, and S.V. Mahadevan

M.S. Carrasco Arias, and A. Lockwood, and M. Ali, and K. Veras, and J. Olivares, and S. Bentley, and A. Dandekar

Jiulin Wu, and Xinyu Sun, and Xiaoban Guo, and Shangying Ge, and Qiqing Zhang

Fish skin gelatin films incorporated with various concentrations of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) were prepared and characterized. The results showed that tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EAB), and water content (WC) of the gelatin based film decreased with the increasing concentrations of CEO, but water vapor permeability (WVP) increased. Addition of CEO improved light barrier property of the film. The Scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the heterogeneous surface and porous...

Coleen L. Moloney

Macura Viliam, and Štefunková Zuzana Š, and Majorošová Martina, and Halaj Peter, and Škrinár Andrej

In this study, the quality of the aquatic habitats of mountain and piedmont streams was evaluated using the ‘Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM)’ decision-making tool. The quality of habitats was interpreted from the behaviour of bioindicators in the form of habitat suitability curves (HSCs). From 1995 until the present, 59 different reaches of 43 mountain streams in Slovakia and 3 validation reaches were evaluated, and the results analysed. The aim of this study was to generalize the p...

AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN

Setyawan AD. 2009. Diversity of Sonneratia alba in coastal area of Central Java based on isozymic patterns of esterase and peroxidase. Nusantara Bioscience 1: 92-103. The study was intended to observe the diversity and the relationship of Sonneratia alba in southern and northern coast of Central Java Province based on isozymic patterns of esterase and peroxidase. This research was conducted in July until December 2003, at six sites, i.e. Wulan (WUL), Juwana (JUW), Pasar Bangi (PAS), in the north...

MN. Ferreira, and S. Rosso

Increased tourist activity in coastal regions demands management strategies to reduce impacts on rocky shores. The highly populated coastal areas in southeastern Brazil are an example of degradation caused by development of industry and tourism. Among different shore impacts, trampling has been intensively studied, and may represent a significant source of stress for intertidal fauna. A randomised blocks design was applied to experimentally study the effects of two different trampling intensitie...

ABÍLIO C.S.P. BITTENCOURT, and LOUIS MARTIN, and JOSÉ M.L. DOMINGUEZ, and IRACEMA R. SILVA, and DAIANA L. SOUSA

By using the mean directions of the wave-fronts approaching the Brazilian northeastern coastal stretch comprised between the localities of Real river (Sergipe State) and Galinhos (Rio Grande do Norte State) - coincident with those of the main winds occurring in the area - and their periods, we have defined a wave climate model based on the construction of refraction diagrams. The resulting model of sediment transport, as obtained by numerical modelling from the refraction diagrams, taking into c...

Chalermchaikit, T., and Dilokkiat, S., and Srisagha, S., and Lertworapreecha, N.

Medicated feed had been given to white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) for 7 days. Shrimp samples, collected at day-1 to day-7 after withdrawal time, were tested for antimicrobial residues by microbial inhibition disk assay (MIDA) and “SAM-Test”. The results from “SAM-Test” indicated much higher numbers of positive (antimicrobial detectable) samples than MIDA. Percentages of positive samples from oxytetracycline, sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim and enrofloxacin treatment groups were decreased on day-3 o...

Lee SM, and Chu GT

No abstract available. Article truncated after first page. A 70-year-old Native American woman was having increasing difficulty with ventilation. She had an extensive past medical history including quadriplegia after a motor vehicle accident in 2009, chronic mechanical ventilation since the accident, end-stage renal disease, and diabetes mellitus. A feeding tube had recently been inserted. A portable chest radiograph was performed (Figure 1). A lung ultrasound was performed (Figure 2). M-mode im...

S Chellappa, and JTAX Lima, and A Araújo, and NT Chellappa

The Serra Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus brasiliensis is an important fishery resource of the Atlantic Ocean and is a major component of artisanal fisheries in northern and northeastern Brazil. Ovarian development and spawning period of S. brasiliensis were investigated using both macroscopic and histological techniques. Mean monthly values of GSI and ovarian maturation indicate that the main spawning period occurs during the rainy season.<br>A Serra, Scomberomorus brasiliensis, é uma espécie m...

Dipankar Ghosh, and Jayanta Kumar Biswas

This paper evaluates the efficiency of a macroinvertebrate-based Pollution Tolerance Index (PTI) in detecting aquatic pollution in the Chhariganga oxbow lake in India. In this lake, calculated PTIs were compared with results from an array of physicochemical water and sediment parameters and to a macroinvertebrate diversity assessment conducted in parallel for the same lake. The obtained PTI values fell in a range (between 20 and 31) that are indicative of an absence of organic pollution accordi...

Miriam Fernanda ESCALANTE-RODRÍGUEZ, and Claudia Lizeth MURRIETA-MARTÍNEZ, and Victor Manuel OCAÑO-HIGUERA, and Benjamín RAMÍREZ-WONG, and Saúl RUIZ-CRUZ, and Guillermo RODRÍGUEZ-OLIBARRIA, and Enrique MARQUEZ-RIOS

Abstract Different studies on obtaining protein concentrates or surimi from giant squid ( Dosidicus gigas) have reported that soft gels are obtained in comparison with other fish species. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the effect of the setting (30 and 60 °C, for 0, 30, 60, and 90 min) on the gelling capacity as a possible alternative to improve the textural characteristics of the gels. Treatments at 60 °C (G4, G5, and G6) had a higher percentage of insoluble protein, wh...

Masaki Kanao, and Takashi Yamanouchi

Preliminary airbone surveys for geoscientific and glaciological purposes were carried out by an aircraft (Cessna A185F) during the wintering season of the 38th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-38) in 1996-1998. First, several flights were conducted to investigate the relationship between snow-covered area and geological structure/topography on some outcrop surfaces along the Soya Coast and in the Prins Olav Coast region. Second, inland flights on the continental ice sheet were carrie...

A.Ç. Yeltekin, and A.R. Oğuz

ABSTRACT Van fish is a fish that can live in soda water at pH 9-10. Van fishing area is a very important source of protein for the people. The variations in tissue metal levels according to gender and weight in Van fish (Alburnus tarichi, Güldenstadt 1814) were studied. This study was conducted for the first time in Van fish. Which it is very important for living organisms Calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg), sodium(Na), potassium(K), cobalt(Co), chromium(Cr) and lithium(Li) elements levels in the muscle...

ISABEL MENESES, and BERNABE SANTELICES

According to biogeographic studies made two decades ago, marine benthic algal species of the Pacific temperate coast of South America could be grouped into five components according to their geographic affinities. Each of these components was distributed differentially along the coastline between 4º and 56ºS and thus, their contribution to the overall flora varied depending on the latitude. Species composition changed at specific latitudes in such a way that three groups could be observed: from ...

Zhu Xiaobei, and Karmaus Wilfried

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Studies on maternal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) reported inconsistent findings regarding birth weight: some studies showed no effect, some reported decreased birth weight, and one study found an increase in weights. These studies used different markers of exposure, such as measurement of PCBs in maternal serum or questionnaire data on fish consumption. Additionally maternal exposures, such as dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene (DDE), which are...

Tychsen, John, and Geertz-Hansen, Ole, and Schjøth, Frands

Chen You-Yin, and Lo Yu-Chun, and Lu Pen-Li, and Tseng Yi-Li, and Liao Wen-Li, and Chen Chih-Ping, and Jaw Fu-Shan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A mechanical noxious stimulator is useful for studies of pain, both for clinic and basic research. We propose to use a pinch stimulator that can not only generate a quantitative, reproducible noxious pinch but also simultaneously provide a synchronous external trigger signal, which is essential for acquisition of evoked potentials.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>For ethical considerations, audible and visual aids were incorporated so that pinch force could be regulate...

Nathalie Layios, and Céline Delierneux, and Alexandre Hego, and Justine Huart, and Christian Gosset, and Christelle Lecut, and Nathalie Maes, and Pierre Geurts, and Arnaud Joly, and Patrizio Lancellotti, and Adelin Albert, and Pierre Damas, and André Gothot, and Cécile Oury

Abstract Background Platelets have been involved in both immune surveillance and host defense against severe infection. To date, whether platelet phenotype or other hemostasis components could be associated with predisposition to sepsis in critical illness remains unknown. The aim of this work was to identify platelet markers that could predict sepsis occurrence in critically ill injured patients. Methods This single-center, prospective, observational, 7-month study was based on a cohort of 99 n...

Khalil Eslamloo, and Xi Xue, and Jennifer R. Hall, and Nicole C. Smith, and Albert Caballero-Solares, and Christopher C. Parrish, and Richard G. Taylor, and Matthew L. Rise

Abstract Background Due to the limited availability and high cost of fish oil in the face of increasing aquaculture production, there is a need to reduce usage of fish oil in aquafeeds without compromising farm fish health. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine if different levels of vegetable and fish oils can alter antiviral responses of salmon macrophage-like cells (MLCs). Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were fed diets containing 7.4% (FO7) or 5.1% (FO5) fish oil. These diets ...

B. Ozsoy-Cicek, and H. Xie, and S. F. Ackley, and K. Ye

Antarctic sea ice cover has shown a slight increase (<1%/decade) in overall observed ice extent as derived from satellite mapping from 1979 to 2008, contrary to the decline observed in the Arctic regions. Spatial and temporal variations of the Antarctic sea ice however remain a significant problem to monitor and understand, primarily due to the vastness and remoteness of the region. While satellite remote sensing has provided and has great future potential to monitor the variations and changes o...

David K. Essumang

Water and sediment samples from seven water bodies along the coastal belt of Ghana were assessed for the deposition of platinum-group metals (PGM), i.e. platinum, palladium and rhodium. Source analysis of the results indicated probable anthropogenic origins which had a strong linkage to automobile and marine vessel emissions. In the sediment samples, pollution indicators revealed that all the seven water bodies along the coast had elevated levels of PGM above the background values. Significant c...

George Seghal Kiran, and Joseph eSelvin, and Sathiyanarayanan eGanesan, and Lipton eAnuj Nishanth, and Naif eAbdullah Al-Dhabi, and Mariadhas eValan Arasu

The important biological macromolecules such as lipopeptide and glycolipid biosurfactant producing marine actinobacteria were analyzed and their potential linkage between type II polyketide synthase (PKS) genes was also explored. A unique feature of type II PKS genes is their high amino acid sequence homology and conserved gene organization. These enzymes mediate the biosynthesis of polyketide natural products with enormous structural complexity and chemical nature by combinatorial use of variou...

Srilalitha Kaja, and Sashi Kiran Sanapala Venkata Naga, and Kattappagari Kiran Kumar, and Neelima Dasari, and Lalith Prakash Chandra Kantheti, and Baddam Venkat Ramana Reddy

Background: Recent advances in understanding complex tumor interactions have led to the discovery of an association between inflammation and cancer. An abundance of pro - inflammatory cytokines in a tumor micro-environment can lead to angiogenesis, thus favoring neoplastic growth. Serum C reactive protein is a sensitive marker of inflammation and may have significant prognostic value as early biomarker for cancer diagnostics. Aims and Objectives: This was a pilot study done to assess the serum C...

Keri Vacanti Brondo, and Natalie Bown

This case study contributes to the study of neoliberal conservation and indigenous rights through an interdisciplinary (anthropology and fisheries management) evaluation of the 2004-2009 management plan for Honduras′ Cayos Cochinos Marine Protected Area (CCMPA). The CCMPA was established in 1993, in a region that has been inhabited by the afro-indigenous Garifuna for over 213 years. An evaluation of the CCMPA′s 2004-2009 management plan′s socioeconomic objectives is situated within the historica...

A. Jammoul, and S. Dumas, and B. D&apos;Anna, and C. George

The interactions between triplet state benzophenone and halide anion species (Cl<sup&amp;minu;</sup>, Br<sup&amp;minu;</sup> and I<sup&amp;minu;</sup> have been studied by laser flash photolysis (at 355 nm) in aqueous solutions at room temperature. The decay of the triplet state of benzophenone was followed at 525 nm. Triplet lifetime measurements gave rate constants, <i>k_q</i> (M^&amp;minus;1 s<sup&amp;minus;1</sup>), close to diffusion controlled limit for iodide (~8&amp;t...

Zainal A. Muchlisin

Depik fish, Rasbora tawarensis is an endemic and threatened species in Lake Laut Tawar (Central Aceh, Indonesia),and the population of depik has been decreased drastically over the last two decades. Information about distribution patternsis crucially needed in relation to plan better conservation strategies. Hence, the objective of present study was to evaluate thedistribution patterns (spatial and seasonal distribution) based on catch per unit efforts and fish abundance data. Stratifiedrandom s...

Rocio Loizaga de Castro, and Silvana Laura Dans, and Mariano Alberto Coscarella, and Enrique Alberto Crespo

Commerson's dolphins, Cephalorhynchus commersonii, suffer bycatch in fisheries and are target of dolphin-watching activities along Patagonia. Here we described dolphins' habitat use and behavioural pattern at the estuary of Santa Cruz River. Behavioural observations were made from vantage points using a spotting scope. Boat surveys were conducted randomly from Puerto Santa Cruz to the mouth of the river to analyze the habitat use. The survey area was divided into 1 km² cells and characterized wi...

S.A. Howie, and H.J. van Meerveld, and R.J. Hebda

Inventories of natural assemblages of plant species are critical when planning ecological restoration of bogs. However, little is known about the regional variation in plant communities at the margins (laggs) of bogs, even though they are an integral element of raised bog ecosystems. Therefore, we investigated the regional patterns in the plant communities of bogs and laggs, and the factors that control them, for thirteen bogs in coastal British Columbia, Canada. Species richness was significant...

Fernanda Prata Martins, and Maris Celia Batista de Sousa, and Angelo Paulo Ferrari

CONTEXT: Enteral feeding is indicated for patients unable to maintain appropriate oral intake, and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the most adequate long-term enteral access. Peristomal infections are the most common complications of PEG, occurring in up to 8% of patients, despite the use of prophylactic antibiotics. The "introducer" PEG-gastropexy technique avoids PEG tube passage through the oral cavity, preventing microorganisms' dislodgment to the peristomal site. OBJECTIVES: To...

Luis A Cubillos, and Katty Riquelme, and Billy Ernst

Se analizaron los cambios espacio-temporales de las capturas de merluza de cola obtenidas por la flota industrial de cerco en la zona centro-sur de Chile (34°-41°30'S), para revisar la hipótesis de migración hacia el norte de la fracción juvenil de merluza de cola en primavera. Se utilizaron datos de bitácoras de pesca del periodo 1986-2003, y a partir de éstos se calcularon centros de gravedad de las capturas y su varianza. Se postula que si la flota sigue el comportamiento migratorio de la fra...

Tipparat Hongpattarakere, and Suphitchaya Chanthachum, and Nirunya Buntin

One hundred and sixty isolates of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with inhibitory activity against pathogenic Escherichia coli were isolated from gastrointestinal tracts of fish, shrimp and shellfish. One hundred and sixteen isolates were obtained from fish, twenty isolates from shrimp and twenty-four isolates from shellfish. Three strains were selected based on their bile and acid tolerances. All acid-tolerant strains showed inhibitory activity against human pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureu...

Marcelo Rodrigues dos Anjos, and Nadja Gomes Machado, and Maria Eliana Peixoto da Silva, and Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos, and Márcio Rodrigues Miranda, and Dario Pires de Carvalho, and Marília Higino Mussy, and Igor Bruno Barbosa de Holanda, and Marcelo Sacardi Biudes, and João Ânderson Fulan

Mercury is a major pollutant in the Amazon River system, and its levels in fish and human hair are usually above the limit recommended by health agencies. The objective of this study was to analyze the methylmercury (MeHg) concentration in fish tissue from the Roosevelt River. The river's water velocity, depth, pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen and substrate type were measured, and fifty specimens distributed in 14 fish species were collected. A total of 64.3% of the sam...

T. Ahsbahs, and M. Badger, and P. Volker, and K. S. Hansen, and C. B. Hasager

<p>Rapid growth in the offshore wind energy sector means more offshore wind farms are placed closer to each other and in the lee of large land masses. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) offers maps of the wind speed offshore with high resolution over large areas. These can be used to detect horizontal wind speed gradients close to shore and wind farm wake effects. SAR observations have become much more available with the free and open-access data from European satellite missions through Copern...