Inés González-Castellano, and Alejandra Perina, and Ana M. González-Tizón, and Zeltia Torrecilla, and Andrés Martínez-Lage

Abstract The rockpool shrimp Palaemon elegans is considered an important crustacean species within the European coastline fauna. This species is experiencing an ongoing geographical expansion beyond its native distribution range due to unintentional human introductions. A better knowledge of the genetic diversity, geographic structure and connectivity of its populations is necessary. In the present study, microsatellite loci were isolated using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The microsatellite-enr...

Francesco Mascia, and Laura Girolomoni, and Marcelo J. P. Alcocer, and Ilaria Bargigia, and Federico Perozeni, and Stefano Cazzaniga, and Giulio Cerullo, and Cosimo D’Andrea, and Matteo Ballottari

Abstract Astaxanthin is a ketocarotenoid produced by photosynthetic microalgae. It is a pigment of high industrial interest in acquaculture, cosmetics, and nutraceutics due to its strong antioxidant power. Haematococcus pluvialis, a fresh-water microalga, accumulates high levels of astaxanthin upon oxidative stress, reaching values up to 5% per dry weight. H. pluvialis accumulates astaxanthin in oil droplets in the cytoplasm, while the chloroplast volume is reduced. In this work, we investigate ...

Caley A. Satterfield, and Matthew M. Dacso, and Premal Patel

As medical student interest in global health soars, so too does the desire by students to do research in international settings. However, very few medical students receive formal training in research skills. Mentorship is a key component of any research endeavour by students. The University of Texas Medical Branch focuses preclinical rotations on value-adding, mentored scholarly projects, developed with host site collaborators. The structure of this program allows preclinical students to engage ...

Berchie Asiedu, and F.K.E. Nunoo, and Seidu Iddrisu

Fish is the most preferred and widely consumed animal protein in Ghana, with annual per capita consumption estimated at 26 kg compared with the global average of 20 kg. The fisheries sector of Ghana provides livelihood support to 2.4 million people and contribute 1.5% to the nation’s gross domestic product. Recent increase in fish production is attributed to aquaculture and culture-based fisheries. However, the aquaculture sector is facing a challenge of sustainability. This study was aimed at i...

Miguel Albrecht-Ruiz, and Gladys Yupanqui-Galindo, and Armando Solari-Godiño, and Daniel Pariona-Velarde

Giant squid adults of both sexes were used in different seasons. Grounded meat of each one were used to determine proximate composition, ammoniacal nitrogen, trimethyl amine contents, and viscosity. Simultaneously, surimi was prepared from each specimen to measure its gel strength. The moisture and protein values were between 81.2–86.9 and 10.5–16.4% respectively. They showed significant variations during summer in both sexes. The moisture: protein ratio was significantly lower in summer, showin...

Touseef Ahmed Wani, and S.M. Wani, and Mukhtar Ahmad, and Mudasir Ahmad, and Adil Gani, and F.A. Masoodi

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) contains a large number of versatile compounds with antioxidant and hence medical properties that have been reported from time to time. Intensive work on the medical properties of sea buckthorn has concluded incredible results like the effects on atherosclerosis, anti-visceral obesity, platelet aggregation, inflammation, adverse stressful situations, and that of liver injury. Only a few studies have been conducted on the safety evaluation of the plant extr...

Yue-Liang CHEN, and Chang-Xiang YAN, and Jiang ZHU, and Yi-Neng LI

A historical run (1993–2014) of a global, eddy-permitting, hybrid coordinate ocean model (HYCOM) is evaluated against observations. The authors evaluate several metrics in the model, including the spatial distribution of sea surface temperature (SST), the zonally averaged seasonal cycle of SST, the variability of the sea level anomaly (SLA), the zonally and meridionally averaged temperature and salinity, and the equatorial undercurrent. It is found that the simulated seasonal cycle of SST is 0.2...

José Miguel Andonegi Martínez, and Ainhoa Ezeiza Ramos, and Florencio Fernández Marzo, and Mikel Garmendia Mujika, and Ángel Pérez Manso, and Santiago Palacios Navarro, and Iván Ruiz Cantalejo

<p>L’experiència pilot Moodle UPV/EHV que aquí es presenta, s’inicia l’any 2003 impulsada per un petit grup de professors i el suport del centre informàtic de la universitat (CIDIR). Aquest grup ha col·laborat de manera desinteressada amb aquells professors investigadors de la Universitat que han sol·licitat la seva ajuda en l’ús de Moodle, oferint-los suport tècnic i formació.<br />A partir del curs 2004-2005, aquest col·lectiu de professors ha format el Grup iKide. En aquest article, s'hi most...

Bittová Miroslava, and Krejzová Eliška, and Roblová Vendula, and Kubáň Petr, and Kubáň Vlastimil

Hoogendoorn Gijsbert, and Grant Bronwyn, and Fitchett Jennifer M.

Coastal towns rely heavily on the quality and expanse of their beaches to attract tourists. Climate is an important tourism determinant, controlling the length and timing of peak arrivals. South African tourism is particularly reliant on these factors. Perceptions of tourists and tourist accommodation establishment regarding climate change threats to tourism are explored for the towns of St Francis Bay and Cape St Francis. Tourism accommodation establishments were predominantly concerned with da...

Kapusta Andrzej, and Bogacka-Kapusta Elżbieta

This paper discusses the problem of the occurrence of non-native fish species in a strongly transformed aquatic ecosystem. The changes in this ecosystem are caused by warm water discharges from two electric power plants. Twelve non-native fish species are confirmed to occur in the system of five heated lakes located in central Poland. In total, 30% of the total number of non-native species confirmed in Polish inland waters were noted. Aquaculture and fisheries are the primary sources of non-nati...

J.-M. Lellouche, and E. Greiner, and O. Le Galloudec, and G. Garric, and C. Regnier, and M. Drevillon, and M. Benkiran, and C.-E. Testut, and R. Bourdalle-Badie, and F. Gasparin, and O. Hernandez, and B. Levier, and Y. Drillet, and E. Remy, and P.-Y. Le Traon, and P.-Y. Le Traon

<p>Since 19 October 2016, and in the framework of Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), Mercator Ocean has delivered real-time daily services (weekly analyses and daily 10-day forecasts) with a new global 1∕12° high-resolution (eddy-resolving) monitoring and forecasting system. The model component is the NEMO platform driven at the surface by the IFS ECMWF atmospheric analyses and forecasts. Observations are assimilated by means of a reduced-order Kalman filter with a ...

Bhageerathy Reshmi, and Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, and N Sreekumaran Nair, and Vasudev Guddattu

Background: Community-based health insurance (CBHI) has been one of the options of health financing in India for a large number of population from the informal sector constituting about 90% of the total population. The objective of this study was to find out what are the factors which have influenced the beneficiaries to enroll in the schemes and also compared them to a noninsured group. Methods: A cross-sectional household survey, on 1639 households, was carried out, which had 1108 insured hous...

Ph.M. Bosscher

Felipe Cito Nettesheim, and Mário Luís Garbin, and Marcos Gervasio Pereira, and Dorothy Sue Dunn de Araujo

ABSTRACT Tropical forests with high species diversity are commonly found in rugged montane areas. We investigated causes of local tropical forest tree community assembly on a continental island with heterogeneous terrain. We recorded tree community (absolute species abundance), topography, soil, litter and location in 40 sampling units on two opposite sides of the island with similar heterogeneous terrain. We used transformation based Redundancy Analyses and variation partitioning to determine t...

Mehmet Aydın, and Sezgin Tunca, and Uğur Karadurmuş, and Denizcan Durgun

Kıyısal alanlarda rekreasyonel balıkçılık Türkiye’nin ekonomik gelişiminde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Ordu İli’nde rekreasyonel balıkçılığın pazardışı ekonomik değeri Koşullu Değerleme (31,500 Türk Lirası: TL) ve Seyahat Maliyeti (504,000 TL) Yöntemleri kullanılarak hesaplandı. Tobit Regresyon Model ile ödeme istekliliğine etki eden faktörler ve Negatif Binomiyal Regresyon Model ile bireysel seyahat maliyetine etki eden faktörler değerlendirilmiştir. Pazardışı faydaları belirleme...

Brian K. Trevelline, and Tim Nuttle, and Brady A. Porter, and Nathan L. Brouwer, and Brandon D. Hoenig, and Zachary D. Steffensmeier, and Steven C. Latta

Streams and their surrounding riparian habitats are linked by reciprocal exchanges of insect prey essential to both aquatic and terrestrial consumers. Aquatic insects comprise a large proportion of total prey in riparian habitats and are opportunistically exploited by terrestrial insectivores; however, several species of songbirds are known to preferentially target aquatic prey via specialized foraging strategies. For these songbirds, reduced availability of aquatic insects via stream acidificat...

Ling Chunsun, and Tao Jie, and Zhao Ming, and Jiang Zhen, and Jiang Qicheng, and Cherry Nicola

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In 2003 the Chinese government introduced voluntary cooperative medical schemes (CMS), soon to be in place throughout rural China. Families who chose to enroll do so as a single unit and nothing is known about any differential effect of these new schemes on family members. This study evaluates the impact of one pilot CMS in Anhui Province on health care use by girls aged less than 5 years and women 65 years or older, and on the pattern and cost of prescriptio...

Pekka Jakkula, and Matti Reinikainen, and Johanna Hästbacka, and Ville Pettilä, and Pekka Loisa, and Sari Karlsson, and Raili Laru-Sompa, and Stepani Bendel, and Tuomas Oksanen, and Thomas Birkelund, and Marjaana Tiainen, and Jussi Toppila, and Antti Hakkarainen, and Markus B. Skrifvars, and COMACARE study group

Abstract Background Arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), oxygen tension (PaO2), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) are modifiable factors that affect cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral oxygen delivery, and potentially the course of brain injury after cardiac arrest. No evidence regarding optimal treatment targets exists. Methods The Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, and Mean arterial pressure After Cardiac Arrest and REsuscitation (COMACARE) trial is a pilot multi-center randomized controlled trial (RC...

Caroline Free, and Ona McCarthy, and Rebecca S French, and Kaye Wellings, and Susan Michie, and Ian Roberts, and Karen Devries, and Sujit Rathod, and Julia Bailey, and Jonathan Syred, and Phil Edwards, and Graham Hart, and Melissa Palmer, and Paula Baraitser

Background: Younger people bear the heaviest burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Partner notification, condom use and STI testing can reduce infection but many young people lack the knowledge, skills and confidence needed to carry out these behaviours. Text messages can provide effective behavioural support. The acceptability and feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of safer sex support delivered by text message are not known. Objectives: To assess the acceptability and fea...

John K Field, and Stephen W Duffy, and David R Baldwin, and Kate E Brain, and Anand Devaraj, and Tim Eisen, and Beverley A Green, and John A Holemans, and Terry Kavanagh, and Keith M Kerr, and Martin Ledson, and Kate J Lifford, and Fiona E McRonald, and Arjun Nair, and Richard D Page, and Mahesh KB Parmar, and Robert C Rintoul, and Nicholas Screaton, and Nicholas J Wald, and David Weller, and David K Whynes, and Paula R Williamson, and Ghasem Yadegarfar, and David M Hansell

Background: Lung cancer kills more people than any other cancer in the UK (5-year survival < 13%). Early diagnosis can save lives. The USA-based National Lung Cancer Screening Trial reported a 20% relative reduction in lung cancer mortality and 6.7% all-cause mortality in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT)-screened subjects. Objectives: To (1) analyse LDCT lung cancer screening in a high-risk UK population, determine optimum recruitment, screening, reading and care pathway strategies; and (2) a...

Melissa Kurtz Uveges, and Dina George Lansey, and Olive Mbah, and Tamryn Gray, and Lisa Sherden, and Jennifer Wenzel

Background: To our knowledge, no published studies utilizing a randomized controlled design have examined the efficacy of patient navigation for improving clinical trial enrollment. Methods: This patient navigation and clinical trial participation study is a randomized controlled trial to assess the effect of a patient navigator on enrollment into therapeutic cancer clinical trials. Participants are randomly assigned to high intensity, patient navigator-delivered patient educational materials (P...

Songwei Li, and Fei Ye, and Zhengdan Zhu, and Hui Huang, and Shuichun Mao, and Yuewei Guo

Eight cembrane-type diterpenoids, namely, (+)-(6R)-6-hydroxyisosarcophytoxide (1), (+)-(6R)-6-acetoxyisosarcophytoxide (2), (+)-17-hydroxyisosarcophytoxide (3), sarcomililatins A–D (4–7), and sarcomililatol (8), were isolated from the soft coral Sarcophyton mililatensis collected from Weizhou Island, Guangxi Autonomous Region, together with 2 known related analogues, (+)-isosarcophytoxide (9) and (+)-isosarcophine (10). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by a combination of detail...

Ali A. Al-Homaidan, and Hussein S. Al-Qahtani, and Abdullah A. Al-Ghanayem, and Fuad Ameen, and Ibraheem B.M. Ibraheem

The hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) poses a threat as a hazardous metal and its removal from aquatic environments through biosorption has gained attention as a viable technology of bioremediation. We evaluated the potential use of three green algae (Cladophora glomerata, Enteromorpha intestinalis and Microspora amoena) dry biomass as a biosorbent to remove Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacity of the biomass was determined using batch experiments. The adsorption capacity appeared to ...

Patrice M. Ludwig, and Jacquelyn K. Nagel, and Erica J. Lewis

Abstract Background Preparing today’s undergraduate students from science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) and related health professions to solve wide-sweeping healthcare challenges is critical. Moreover, it is imperative that educators help students develop the capabilities needed to meet those challenges, including problem solving, collaboration, and an ability to work with rapidly evolving technologies. We piloted a multidisciplinary education (ME) course aimed at filling this gap, ...

Maj Arnberg, and Piero Calosi, and John I. Spicer, and Ingrid C. Taban, and Shaw D. Bamber, and Stig Westerlund, and Sjur Vingen, and Thierry Baussant, and Renée K. Bechmann, and Sam Dupont

Abstract Ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA) are key features of global change and are predicted to have negative consequences for marine species and ecosystems. At a smaller scale increasing oil and gas activities at northern high latitudes could lead to greater risk of petroleum pollution, potentially exacerbating the effects of such global stressors. However, knowledge of combined effects is limited. This study employed a scenario-based, collapsed design to investigate the impact of one...

Rose Okoyo Opiyo, and Peter Suwirakwenda Nyasulu, and Reuben Kamau Koigi, and Anne Obondo, and Dorington Ogoyi, and Wambui Kogi-Makau

Abstract Background Globally, it is known that HIV-infected pregnant women are prone to depressive symptoms. Research evidences also suggest that nutrient deficiencies may enhance the depressive illness, and that fish oil omega-3 fatty acids may alleviate the depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of fish oil omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid-rich supplements on depressive symptoms among HIV-seropositive pregnant women. Trial design A randomized double-blinded controlled...

Twisha Shah, and M.N. Patel, and S. Nath, and Shobhana K. Menon

The aim is to bring together the new anthropological techniques and knowledge about populations that are least known. The present study was performed on 901 healthy Gujarati volunteers (676 males, 225 females) within the age group of 21–50 years with the aim to examine whether any correlation exists between cephalofacial measures naming maximum head length, maximum head breadth, bizygomatic breadth, bigonial diameter, morphological facial length, physiognomic facial length, biocular breadth and ...

Julius S. Ngwa, and Howard J. Cabral, and Debbie M. Cheng, and Michael J. Pencina, and David R. Gagnon, and Michael P. LaValley, and L. Adrienne Cupples

Abstract Background Typical survival studies follow individuals to an event and measure explanatory variables for that event, sometimes repeatedly over the course of follow up. The Cox regression model has been used widely in the analyses of time to diagnosis or death from disease. The associations between the survival outcome and time dependent measures may be biased unless they are modeled appropriately. Methods In this paper we explore the Time Dependent Cox Regression Model (TDCM), which qua...

Timothy L Wiemken, and Venkatakrishna Rao Jala, and Robert R Kelley, and Paula Peyrani, and William A Mattingly, and Forest W Arnold, and Patricio W Cabral, and Rodrigo Cavallazzi, and Bodduluri Haribabu, and Julio A Ramirez

<p class="p1"> </p><p class="p2"><span class="s1"> </span>The composition of the upper respiratory tract microbiome may play an important role in the development of lower respiratory tract infections. Here, we characterised the microbiome of the nasopharynx and oropharynx of hospitalised patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) with unknown aetiology in an attempt to obtain insight into the aetiology of CAP. A random sample of 10 patients hospitalised with CAP previously enrolled in a se...

Krzysztof Ficek, and Jolanta Filipek, and Joanna Ficek, and Małgorzata Muzalewska, and Filip Humpa

Abstract Background In various Achilles tendon disorders, little attention is paid to the bone environment at the tendon insertion sites. The aim of the present study was to assess the calcaneal bone structure in Achilles tendon disorders using computed tomography (CT). Methods This study included 31 male patients diagnosed with various Achilles disorders, including episodes of tendon rupture (TR), conservatively treated tendinopathy (TP), and critical-stage Achilles TP treated with endoscopic s...

Hu Meng, and Wang Lili

In this paper, by using the theory of calculus on time scales and some mathematical methods, several nabla dynamic inequalities on time scales are established. As an application, we apply the obtained results to a logistic integrodifferential equation on time scales and sufficient conditions for the permanence of the equation are derived. Finally, numerical examples together with their simulations are presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the results.

McCarthy John J, and Haug Jeffrey S, and Dickey-Sims Carrie, and Coffman James A, and Robertson Anthony J

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Runx transcription factors are important regulators of metazoan development. The sea urchin Runx gene <it>SpRunt </it>was previously identified as a <it>trans</it>-activator of the <it>CyIIIa </it>actin gene, a differentiation marker of larval aboral ectoderm. Here we extend the functional analysis of SpRunt, using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides (morpholinos) to interfere with <it>SpRunt </it>expression in the embryo.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The developm...

Yıldız BOLAT, and İsmail Yüksel GENÇ, and Yazgülü TUNCA, and Melek DEMIRAYAK

Abstract The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ground laurel and curcuma on the quality changes (microbiological, chemical and sensory) of sous-vide processed gutted and vacuum packaged sea bass under refrigerated temperatures (+3°C). Sea bass samples were gutted and divided into 3 groups namely control (C), laurel added samples (LS) and curcuma added samples (CS) and 30 fish were used for each treatment group. Samples were stored under refrigerated (3 ± 1 °C) conditions for 60 days...

Hevrøy Ernst M, and Lie Kai K, and Olsvik Pål A

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of the current examination was to evaluate if sedation and anesthetic treatment techniques affect the quality of RNA extracted from liver, gill, head kidney and brain tissues in Atlantic salmon <it>Salmo salar </it>L. Blood parameters were measured and tissue specimens sampled in six groups of fish; one control group (0 minutes), two groups kept in pure seawater in 90 liter tanks for 30 and 120 minutes, two groups treated with the anesthetic isoeugeno...

Güell Maria, and Riudavets Cristina, and Cuatrecasas Guillem, and Nadal Albert

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is evidence of functional growth hormone (GH) deficiency, expressed by means of low insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) serum levels, in a subset of fibromyalgia patients. The efficacy of GH versus placebo has been previously suggested in this population. We investigated the efficacy and safety of low dose GH as an adjunct to standard therapy in the treatment of severe, prolonged and well-treated fibromyalgia patients with low IGF-1 levels.</p> <p>Meth...

Raldúa Demetrio, and Lozano Juanjo, and Fabra Mercedes, and Chauvigné François, and Tingaud-Sequeira Angèle, and Cerdà Joan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Teleost radiation in the oceans required specific physiological adaptations in eggs and early embryos to survive in the hyper-osmotic seawater. Investigating the evolution of aquaporins (AQPs) in these vertebrates should help to elucidate how mechanisms for water homeostasis evolved. The marine teleost gilthead sea bream (<it>Sparus aurata</it>) has a mammalian aquaporin-1 (AQP1)-related channel, termed AQP1o, with a specialized physiological role in mediatin...

Turner Wayman E, and Patterson Donald G, and Peeples Lynne, and Korrick Susan, and Altshul Larisa, and Williams Paige, and Hauser Russ, and Lee Mary M, and Revich Boris, and Sergeyev Oleg

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Toxicological studies and limited human studies have demonstrated associations between exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-<it>p</it>-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and adverse developmental and reproductive health effects. Given that children may be particularly susceptible to reproductive and developmental effects of organochlorines, and the paucity of information available regarding childhood exp...

Gebel Micha, and Bürger Stephan, and Wallace Michael, and Malherbe Hanlie, and Vogt Hannah, and Lorz Carsten

A major challenge for water resource management in Western Cape, South Africa, is the reduction of the growing sediment and nutrient loads in coastal areas, which belong to the areas most affected by land use change. We used the WebGIS based software STOFFBILANZ to simulate runoff, soil loss, sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen input in the surface water and groundwater of study area (ca. 6,450 km²). The simulated runoff shows a large regional variability caused by the heterogeneous distribution ...

Ogunrin Olubunmi A, and Ogundiran Temidayo O, and Adebamowo Clement

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The formulation and implementation of national ethical regulations to protect research participants is fundamental to ethical conduct of research. Ethics education and capacity are inadequate in developing African countries. This study was designed to develop a module for online training in research ethics based on the Nigerian National Code of Health Research Ethics and assess its ease of use and reliability among biomedical researchers in Nigeria.</p> <p>Me...

Amin Abd Rahman Mat, and Ahmad Fadhli, and Abdullah Khiruddin

Currently two algorithms are being used routinely by the MODIS Atmosphere and Ocean Team in order to distinguish sediment influence and clear water pixels over turbid water area. These two algorithms require complicated computational analyses. In this paper, a simple algorithm based on empirical technique to detect the sediment-influenced pixels over coastal waters is proposed as an alternative to these two algorithms. This study used apparent reflectance acquired from MODIS L1B product. This al...

Tkachenko Halyna, and Buyun Lyudmyla, and Terech-Majewska Elżbieta, and Osadowski Zbigniew

The main goal of this study was to determine in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts obtained from the leaves of various Ficus species against Aeromonas hydrophila isolated locally from infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) with the aim of providing scientific rationale for the use of the plant in the treatment of bacterial infections induced by Aeromonas spp. in fish. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done on Muller-Hinton agar with the disc diffusion method....

Neha Garg, and Mrinalini Kotru, and Dilip Kumar, and Rajesh Pathak, and Meera Sikka

INTRODUCTION: Aberrant expression of immunophenotypic markers is commonly found in patients of acute leukemia. T-ALL also shows aberrant markers such as CD13, CD33, CD117, CD10, and CD79a. Morphologically, T-ALL has been categorized into L1, L2, and L3 subtypes. Till now, no study has been done to correlate these markers with morphological features of T-ALL. This study aimed to correlate the expression of aberrant immunophenotypic markers with morphology in T-ALL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All the ...

Ayush Keshav Singhal, and Abhishek De, and Abu Hena Hasanoor Reja, and Ishad Aggarwal, and Nidhi Sharma, and Asad Ansari, and Aarti Sarda

Matthias Schmidt, and Heidrun Sigrid Windisch, and Kai-Uwe Ludwichowski, and Sean Lando Levin Seegert, and Hans-Otto Pörtner, and Daniela Storch, and Christian Bock

Abstract Background Exposure to future ocean acidification scenarios may alter the behaviour of marine teleosts through interference with neuroreceptor functioning. So far, most studies investigated effects of ocean acidification on the behaviour of fish, either isolated or in combination with environmental temperature. However, only few physiological studies on this issue were conducted despite the putative neurophysiological origin of the CO2-induced behavioural changes. Here, we present the m...

Andrew D. Gentry

Background Many neritic to nearshore species of marine adapted turtle from the Late Cretaceous of North America are thought to represent the stem lineage of Cheloniidae but due to fragmentary holotypes, low total specimen counts, and resultantly incomplete morphological character suites, are routinely placed either within or outside of crown group Chelonioidea leaving their precise cladistic affinities uncertain. Despite this systematic ambiguity, the referral of these species to either the stem...

Cristian Correa, and Paul Moran

Abstract Chinook salmon native to North America are spreading through South America’s Patagonia and have become the most widespread anadromous salmon invasion ever documented. To better understand the colonization history and role that genetic diversity might have played in the founding and radiation of these new populations, we characterized ancestry and genetic diversity across latitude (39–48°S). Samples from four distant basins in Chile were genotyped for 13 microsatellite loci, and allocate...

Lisa Thompson, and Larry Forero, and Yukako Sado, and Kenneth Tate

We sampled fish in pools located on tributaries of Cow Creek in the northern Sacramento Valley, and related fish distribution and habitat use to environmental factors across the 2003 agricultural growing season. This rangeland watershed experiences extensive livestock use, and many landowners divert stream water for pasture irrigation. Our goal was to provide landowners and managers with current baseline information about the conditions in which fish ...

Rådestad Monica, and Nilsson Heléne, and Castrén Maaret, and Svensson Leif, and Rüter Anders, and Gryth Dan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Disaster medicine is a fairly young scientific discipline and there is a need for the development of new methods for evaluation and research. This includes full-scale disaster exercisers. A standardized concept on how to evaluate these exercises, could lead to easier identification of pitfalls caused by system-errors in the organization. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of using a combination of performance and outcome indicators so th...

Scott J. Cook, and John Niehaus, and Samantha Zuhlke

Oppenheim et al. (2015) provides the first empirical analysis of insurgent defection during armed rebellion, estimating a series of multinomial logit models of continued rebel participation using a survey of ex-combatants in Colombia. Unfortunately, many of the main results from this analysis are an artifact of separation in these data – that is, one or more of the covariates perfectly predicts the outcome. We demonstrate that this can be identified using simple cross tabulations. Furthermore, w...