Long Cheng, and Ryosuke Motani, and Da-yong Jiang, and Chun-bo Yan, and Andrea Tintori, and Olivier Rieppel

Abstract The end-Permian mass extinction (EPME) led to reorganization of marine predatory communities, through introduction of air-breathing top predators, such as marine reptiles. We report two new specimens of one such marine reptile, Eretmorhipis carrolldongi, from the Lower Triassic of Hubei, China, revealing superficial convergence with the modern duckbilled platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), a monotreme mammal. Apparent similarities include exceptionally small eyes relative to the body, ...

Soldo Alen, and Fredotović Maja, and Šaran Ante, and Slišković Merica, and Mihanović Vice, and Mrčelić Gorana Jelić

Sport and recreational marine fishery can significantly contribute to the national budget through its economic and social effects. The main aim of this research is to define the economic and social significance of sport and recreational fishing in Croatia through the assessment of the lower limit of its economic value. This is done by analyzing the segments of sport and recreational fishing together with the economic and other activities which are closely related to it. When expressed by the num...

Keren Levy, and Amit Lerner, and Nadav Shashar

Mate choice is an important ecological behavior in fish, and is often based on visual cues of body patterns. The Crown Butterfly fish Chaetodon paucifasciatus (Chaetodontidae) is a monogamist, territorial species; it swims in close proximity to its partner throughout most of its life. This species is characterized by a pattern of 6–8 vertical black stripes on a white background, on both sides of its body. Our aim was to define spatial features (variations) in body patterns by evaluating the leve...

Yang Liu, and Kwok-Fai Lam, and Joseph T. Wu, and Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam

Abstract Detecting the temporally and spatially varying correlations is important to understand the biological and disease systems. Here we proposed a geographically weighted temporally correlated logistic regression (GWTCLR) model to identify such dynamic correlation of predictors on binomial outcome data, by incorporating spatial and temporal information for joint inference. The local likelihood method is adopted to estimate the spatial relationship, while the smoothing method is employed to e...

Mohit Bhatia, and Bibhabati Mishra, and Poonam Sood Loomba, and Vinita Dogra

CONTEXT: Multidose injection vials (MDVs) are prone to bacterial contamination, and their use has been reported to be a potential source of infections. AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and common practises of nursing staff regarding the use of MDVs and its microbial contamination rate. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A pilot study was conducted in a super-specialty hospital from June to December 2016. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Information about knowledge and common practises of 100 nu...

Fábio A.E. Torres, and Thais G. Passalacqua, and Angela M.A. Velásquez, and Rodrigo A. de Souza, and Pio Colepicolo, and Márcia A.S. Graminha

The use of indigenous or remote popular knowledge to identify new drugs against diseases or infections is a well-known approach in medicine. The inhabitants of coastal regions are known to prepare algae extracts for the treatment of disorders and ailments such as wounds, fever and stomach aches, as for the prevention of arrhythmia. Recent trends in drug research from natural sources have indicated that marine algae are a promising source of novel biochemically active compounds, especially with a...

Cybelle Teixeira Marques, and Tarciana C. G. de Azevedo, and Marília S. Nascimento, and Valquíria P. Medeiros, and Luciana G. Alves, and Norma M. B. Benevides, and Hugo A. O. Rocha, and Edda Lisboa Leite

Sulfated polysaccharides were extracted with acetone from brown algae Padina gymnospora. The fraction precipitated with 1.5 volumes of acetone (F1.5) purified in Sephadex G-75 was characterized by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance of 13C and ¹H, through which the presence of sulfate groups on the C4 of α-L-fucose could be observed. This polysaccharide showed that an MW of 25,000 Da was effective in reducing leukocyte influx into the peritoneal cavity in mice at 10 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg body w...

Karina H. M. Cardozo, and Luiza G. Marques, and Valdemir M. Carvalho, and Mario O. Carignan, and Ernani Pinto, and Eliane Marinho-Soriano, and Pio Colepicolo

Qualitative and quantitative studies of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in three species of the genus Gracilaria Greville (G. birdiae, G. domingensis and G. tenuistipitata) were performed. A simple and efficient extraction procedure based on ethanol was described. HPLC, UV and mass spectrometry experiments revealed different profiles between extracts obtained from one species cultivated in the laboratory (G. tenuistipitata) and two species collected in their natural environment (G. birdiae a...

Andrij Z. Horodysky, and Richard W. Brill, and Kendyl C. Crawford, and Elizabeth S. Seagroves, and Andrea K. Johnson

Summary The absolute light sensitivities, temporal properties, and spectral sensitivities of the visual systems of three mid-Atlantic temperate reef fishes (Atlantic spadefish [Ephippidae: Chaetodipterus faber], tautog [Labridae: Tautoga onitis], and black sea bass [Serranidae: Centropristis striata]) were studied via electroretinography (ERG). Pelagic Atlantic spadefish exhibited higher temporal resolution but a narrower dynamic range than the two more demersal foragers. The higher luminous sen...

Ippei Suzuki, and Katsufumi Sato, and Andreas Fahlman, and Yasuhiko Naito, and Nobuyuki Miyazaki, and Andrew W. Trites

Swimming at an optimal speed is critical for breath-hold divers seeking to maximize the time they can spend foraging underwater. Theoretical studies have predicted that the optimal swim speed for an animal while transiting to and from depth is independent of buoyancy, but is dependent on drag and metabolic rate. However, this prediction has never been experimentally tested. Our study assessed the effects of buoyancy and drag on the swim speed of three captive Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatu...

Haixin Ding, and Wei Li, and Zhizhong Ruan, and Ruchun Yang, and Zhijie Mao, and Qiang Xiao, and Jun Wu

We report the first total synthesis of trachycladines A (10 steps, 34.2% overall yield) and B (11 steps, 35.0% overall yield) by using 5-deoxy-1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribofuranose as the starting material. The critical step was the SnCl4 assisted regio- and steroselective deprotection of perbenzylated 1-O-methyl-5-deoxyribofuranose. The enzyme adenylate deaminase (EC 3.5.4.6) was successfully applied to the chemoenzymatic synthesis of trachycladines B.

Mariusz Wierzgoń, and Tomasz Suchan, and Michał Ronikier

Tortella fragilis (Drumm.) Limpr. (Pottiaceae) and Bryum nivale Müll. Hal. (Bryaceae) are recorded for the first time from the South Shetland Islands in the northern maritime Antarctic. They were discovered in the Admiralty Bay area on King George Island, the largest island of this archipelago. The two species are briefly characterized morphologically, their habitats are described, and their distribution in the Antarctic is mapped. Discovery of these species has increased the documented moss flo...

I. Hoteit, and G. Korres, and G. Triantafyllou

Kalman filters are widely used for data assimilation into ocean models. The aim of this study is to discuss the relevance of these filters with high resolution ocean models. This was investigated through the comparison of two advanced Kalman filters: the singular evolutive extended Kalman (SEEK) filter and its ensemble-based variant, called SEIK filter. The two filters were implemented with the Princeton Ocean model (POM) considering a low spatial resolution configuration (Mediterranean sea mode...

Dorota Pryputniewicz, and Lucyna Falkowska, and Dorota Burska

Changes in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration weremeasured in the offshore and coastal waters of the Gdansk Basinin spring. As regards the vertical distribution, it was found that highATP concentrations occurred mainly in the euphotic layer (abovethe thermocline) and near the bottom (below the halocline).The high concentrations of ATP in the euphotic layer resultedfrom primary and secondary production, while the other maximum wasdue to the presence of bacteria actively degrading organic ...

Víctor Alarcón Díaz

M. A. Miller, and S. E. Yuter

This empirical study demonstrates the feasibility of using 89-GHz Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer–Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) passive microwave brightness temperature data to detect heavily drizzling cells within subtropical marine stratocumulus. For the purpose of this paper, we define heavily drizzling cells as areas ≥ 6 km × 4 km with C-band <i>Z</i> > 0 dBZ; equivalent to > 0.084 mm h⁻¹. A binary heavy drizzle product is described that can be used to determine areal and...

A. Landolfi, and H. Dietze, and W. Koeve, and A. Oschlies

The marine nitrogen (N) inventory is thought to be stabilized by negative feedback mechanisms that reduce N inventory excursions relative to the more slowly overturning phosphorus inventory. Using a global biogeochemical ocean circulation model we show that negative feedbacks stabilizing the N inventory cannot persist if a close spatial association of N₂ fixation and denitrification occurs. In our idealized model experiments, nitrogen deficient waters, generated by denitrification, st...

Rossana Aguiar Cordeiro, and Valdirene Moreira Gomes, and Ana Fontenele Urano Carvalho, and Vânia Maria Maciel Melo

A protein fraction, rich in lectin, obtained from the red seaweed Hypnea musciformis by precipitation with ammonium sulfate (F40/70) was screened for chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase activity and assessed for antifungal potential against the human pathogen yeasts Candida albicans and C. guilliermondii. The F40/70 fraction showed chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase enzymes, with specific activities of 276.43 and 1880.7 Units.mg -1 protein, respectively. It was capable of inhibiting the growth of C. ...

Karina Paz Carlos, and Bruno dos Santos Belli, and Patrícia Pereira Alfredo

A osteoartrite (OA) é uma doença crônica associada à morbidade significante. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o exercício isolado ao ultrassom pulsado (USP) e contínuo (USC) associados a exercício na redução da dor, melhora da amplitude de movimento (ADM), força muscular (FM), qualidade de vida (QV) e funcionalidade de pacientes com OA de joelhos. Trinta indivíduos, 50 a 75 anos, OA grau 2-4, foram randomizados: Grupo USC (USC + exercícios), Grupo USP (USP + exercícios) e Grupo EXE (exercíci...

Fernanda San Martins Sanes , and André Samuel Strassburger , and Fábio Batista Araújo , and Carlos Alberto Barbosa Medeiros

The volumes of waste generated in the fishing activity are increasing due to the increase in demand for these products. This implies the need for fast processing and cycling of these materials. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of waste generated in the fishing activity as a source of organic fertilizers in agricultural production systems familiar ecological basis. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station Cascade / Embrapa Temperate Climate was assessed through...

K. Martínez, and D. Bone, and A. Cróquer, and A. López-Ordaz

Three decades ago, Acropora palmata was one of the main reef-building coral species throughout the Caribbean, forming an essential component of the structural complexity of shallow coral reef habitats. These colonies still provide microhabitats for settlement, food and shelter to many vertebrates and invertebrates. The recent decline of A. palmata has been followed by a significant loss in spatial heterogeneity and possibly in species diversity. Studies addressing whether dead and living stands ...

. N. Nkashama

We prove that the Verhulst logistic equation with positive non-autonomous bounded coefficients has exactly one bounded solution that is positive, and that does not approach the zero-solution in the past and in the future. We also show that this solution is an attractor for all positive solutions, some of which are shown to blow-up in finite time backward. Since the zero-solution is shown to be a repeller for all solutions that remain below the afore-mentioned one, we obtain an attractor-repeller...

A.C Shapiro, and S.O Rohmann

Continuous summit-to-sea maps showing both land features and shallow-water coral reefs have been completed in Puerto Rico and the U.S.Virgin Islands,using circa 2000 Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+)Imagery.Continuous land/sea terrain was mapped by merging Digital Elevation Models (DEM)with satellite-derived bathymetry.Benthic habitat characterizations were created by unsupervised classifications of Landsat imagery clustered using field data,and produced maps with an estimated overall ac...

Saro Lee, and Woo Jeon Seong, and Kwan-Young Oh, and Moung-Jin Lee

The aim of this study is to predict landslide susceptibility caused using the spatial analysis by the application of a statistical methodology based on the GIS. Logistic regression models along with artificial neutral network were applied and validated to analyze landslide susceptibility in Inje, Korea. Landslide occurrence area in the study were identified based on interpretations of optical remote sensing data (Aerial photographs) followed by field surveys. A spatial database considering fores...

Kuligowska Ewa

The material given in this paper delivers the procedure for numerical approach that allows finding the main practically important safety characteristics of the complex technical systems at the variable operation conditions including operating environment threats. The obtained results are applied to the safety evaluation of the maritime ferry technical system. It is assumed that the conditional safety functions are different at various operation states and have the exponential forms. Using the pr...

Esther L. Jones, and Carol E. Sparling, and Bernie J. McConnell, and Christopher D. Morris, and Sophie Smout

Abstract High-resolution distribution maps can help inform conservation measures for protected species; including where any impacts of proposed commercial developments overlap the range of focal species. Around Orkney, northern Scotland, UK, the harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) population has decreased by 78% over 20 years. Concern for the declining harbour seal population has led to constraints being placed on tidal energy generation developments. For this study area, telemetry data from 54 animal...

Tomokazu Yamazaki, and Kensuke Ichihara, and Ryogo Suzuki, and Kenshiro Oshima, and Shinichi Miyamura, and Kazuyoshi Kuwano, and Atsushi Toyoda, and Yutaka Suzuki, and Sumio Sugano, and Masahira Hattori, and Shigeyuki Kawano

Abstract The evolution of sex chromosomes and mating loci in organisms with UV systems of sex/mating type determination in haploid phases via genes on UV chromosomes is not well understood. We report the structure of the mating type (MT) locus and its evolutionary history in the green seaweed Ulva partita, which is a multicellular organism with an isomorphic haploid-diploid life cycle and mating type determination in the haploid phase. Comprehensive comparison of a total of 12.0 and 16.6 Gb of g...

Sabine Cochrane, and Sabine Cochrane, and Jesper H. Andersen, and Torsten Berg, and Hugues Blanchet, and Angel Borja, and Jacob Carstensen, and Michael Elliott, and Herman Hummel, and Nathalie Niquil, and Paul E Renaud

‘Biodiversity’ is one of the most common keywords used in environmental sciences, spanning from research to management, nature conservation and consultancy. Despite this, our understanding of the underlying concepts varies greatly, between and within disciplines as well as among the scientists themselves. Biodiversity can refer to descriptions or assessments of the status and condition of all or selected groups of organisms, from the genetic variability, to the species, populations, communities,...

Ji-Hyun Seo, and Hyun-Hee Kong, and Sun-Ju Im, and HyeRin Roh, and Do-Kyong Kim, and Hwa-ok Bae, and Young-Rim Oh

Purpose: The purpose of this study was evaluation of the current status of medical students' documentation of patient medical records. Methods: We checked the completeness, appropriateness, and accuracy of 95 Subjective-Objective-Assessment-Plan (SOAP) notes documented by third-year medical students who participated in clinical skill tests on December 1, 2014. Students were required to complete the SOAP note within 15 minutes of an standard patient (SP)-encounter with a SP complaining rhinorrhea...

Christoph Gierl

Otoliths are small structures in the skull of fishes. They are responsible for hearing and orientation in the 3-dimensional space. They also hold valuable information regarding the taxonomy. Their outline, the shape of the sulcus and other features allow the determination of a fish even to the species level. A lot of fossil species are solely based on otoliths because of their good chance of preservation. Gobies are in this case no different. An additional challenge in gobies is their high simil...

Daichi Narushima, and Yohei Kawasaki, and Shoji Takamatsu, and Hiroshi Yamada

Background: Spontaneous Reporting Systems (SRSs) are passive systems composed of reports of suspected Adverse Drug Events (ADEs), and are used for Pharmacovigilance (PhV), namely, drug safety surveillance. Exploration of analytical methodologies to enhance SRS-based discovery will contribute to more effective PhV. In this study, we proposed a statistical modeling approach for SRS data to address heterogeneity by a reporting time point. Furthermore, we applied this approach to analyze ADEs of inc...

Tomonari Okada, and Yugo Mito, and Erina Iseri, and Toshiyuki Takahashi, and Takanori Sugano, and Yoshihiro B. Akiyama, and Kenta Watanabe, and Toko Tanaya, and Hiroaki Sugino, and Kanae Tokunaga, and Takahiro Kubo, and Tomohiro Kuwae

Wetlands, tidal flats, seaweed beds, and coral reefs are valuable not only as habitats for many species, but also as places where people interact with the sea. Unfortunately, these areas have declined in recent years, so environmental improvement projects to conserve and restore them are being carried out across the world. In this study, we propose a method for quantifying ecosystem services, that is, useful for the proper maintenance and management of artificial tidal flats, a type of environme...

Sánchez Delgado, Juan Carlos, and Jácome Hortua, Adriana, and Aguirre Aguirre, Clara Liliana, and Angarita Fonseca, Adriana

Background: Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm (BIE) occurs in 70 % to 80 % of asthmatics and its occurrence is more frequent at the end of a session of physical exercise, mainly of vigorous intensity. Objective: To evaluate the acute effect of moderateintensity physical exercise on spirometric variables in asthmatic subjects. Methodology: A before-and-after type quasi-experimental design. Ten subjects were included (mean age = 23 ± 4 years), which were divided into two groups: five asthmatic subject...

Halil Şen, and T. Tansel Tanrıkul

Sepia officinalis üzerine 2-fenoksietanolün (2-PhOH) etkisi incelenmiştir. 2-PhOH’ün farklı dozları (0,10; 0,15; 0,20; 0,25 ve 0,30 ml/L) 15 litrelik şeffaf cam akvaryumun içinde bulunan ve sürekli havalandırılan 10 litre deniz suyunda (pH 7,68; O2 6,8 mg/L; sıcaklık 19,7°C ve tuzluluk ‰37) çözündürülmüştür. 2-PhOH uygulamalarından sonra sübyeler hemen içinde 450 litre iyi havalandırılmış deniz suyu bulunan polyester ayıltma tanklarına nakledilmiştir, burada 48 saat boyunca ölüm olup olmayacağı ...

Lafi Olayan, and Abdulaleem Alatassi, and Jaimin Patel, and Sherran Milton

Abstract Background Airway management is a core clinical skill in anaesthesia. Pre-oxygenation prior to induction of anaesthesia is a standard practice to prevent desaturation. Apnoeic oxygenation in adults is effective and prolongs the time to desaturation. The effectiveness of apnoeic oxygenation in the adult is well documented; however, evidence in the paediatric is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of apnoeic oxygenation during airway management i...

Raphael D’Emery, and Hugo Pinto, and Cláudia Ribeiro Almeida

Second home tourism obtained in recent years a relevant attention in Portugal and was identified by the national tourism plan as one of the strategic products for the country. In the Algarve its weight is relevant for the tourism dynamics. The study presents a qualitative analysis to identify the perspectives and tensions between different actors in this Portuguese region. A network analysis offers an interesting output of the cooperation dynamics among these actors. The results are helpful to u...

Sugeng S. Surjono, and Rahmadi Hidayat, and Naryanto Wagimin

Abstract Located in the north-western part of Bonaparte Basin, offshore western Timor presents the opportunity for a distinct exploration concept due to the discovery of the Abadi gas field. A classic Jurassic petroleum play did not develop as a proven reservoir and source rock in the study area due to severe erosion during the Valanginian event. Therefore, the Triassic interval requires assessment to reveal an alternative petroleum system in the study area. A petroleum system analysis utilising...

Anat Akiva, and Maayan Neder, and Keren Kahil, and Rotem Gavriel, and Iddo Pinkas, and Gil Goobes, and Tali Mass

Constantin Gheorghe Cerbu, and Marina Spînu, and Carmen Dana Şandru, and Aurel Vasiu, and Diana Olah, and Gheorghe Florinel Brudașcă

The Danube salmon (Hucho hucho) represents the flagship of the Salmonidae family. The species is severely fragmented within the Danube drainage and is included as Endangered (EN) in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Unfortunately, a limited understanding of biological responses to anthropogenic alterations has impeded the conservation efforts for this fish species. In this framework, the aim of the research was to evaluate one of the Danube salmon's most important nonspecific defense mech...

Christian Koninckx

<p>Thierry Allain, <strong><em>Enkhuizen au xviii ^e siècle. Le déclin d’une ville maritime hollandaise</em><br /> </strong>(Villeneuve d’Ascq: Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 2015, 346 pp., isbn 978 275 740 852 0).</p>

Haolong Wang, and Haishen Wen, and Yun Li, and Kaiqiang Zhang, and Yang Liu

The aim of this study was to select the most suitable reference genes for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) of spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus), an important commercial marine fish in Pacific Asia, under normal physiological and salinity stress conditions. A total of 9 candidate reference genes (HPRT, GAPDH, EF1A, TUBA, RPL7, RNAPol II, B2M, ACTB and 18S rRNA) were analyzed by qRT-PCR in 10 tissues (intestine, muscle, stomach, brain, heart, liver, gill, kidney, p...

Thomas Mattern, and Michael D. McPherson, and Ursula Ellenberg, and Yolanda van Heezik, and Philipp J. Seddon

Camera loggers are increasingly used to examine behavioural aspects of free-ranging animals. However, often video loggers are deployed with a focus on specific behavioural traits utilizing small cameras with a limited field of view, poor light performance and video quality. Yet rapid developments in consumer electronics provide new devices with much improved visual data allowing a wider scope for studies employing this novel methodology. We developed a camera logger that records full HD video th...

V. Bam, and S. Bell

K. Cercone, and L. Zirimenya, and E. Mwebesa, and B. Johnston, and T. Frazer, and A. Visotcky, and L. Selman, and L. Wiebe

Simone Aliprandi

Questo paper illustra la predisposizione di una ricerca empirica condotta in occasione di una tesi di dottorato e fornisce un resoconto sommario dei risultati ottenuti. La ricerca è dedicata al tema “Il diritto d'autore nell'era digitale: comportamenti, percezione sociale e livello di consapevolezza” ed è stata condotta attraverso una web-survey disponibile online per la compilazione tra il febbraio e il giugno 2011. Nel paper si procederà dapprima a spiegare gli obbiettivi della ricerca e a pre...

M. J. Wolovick, and J. C. Moore, and J. C. Moore

<p>The Marine Ice Sheet Instability (MISI) is a dynamic feedback that can cause an ice sheet to enter a runaway collapse. Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, is projected to be the largest individual source of future sea level rise and may have already entered MISI. Here, we use a suite of coupled quasi-2-D ice–ocean simulations to explore whether targeted geoengineering using either a continuous artificial sill or isolated artificial pinning points could counter a collapse. Successful inte...

Wang Robert C, and Barber Annabel E, and Mauer Jarom, and Martin Daniel, and Falk Jesse, and Catmull Jeremy, and Bullen Ryan, and Williams-Cocks Shelley J, and Turner Deidre O, and Gerstenberger Shawn L, and Kingsley Karl

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a large family of non-enveloped DNA viruses, mainly associated with cervical cancers. Recent epidemiologic evidence has suggested that HPV may be an independent risk factor for oropharyngeal cancers. Evidence now suggests HPV may modulate the malignancy process in some tobacco- and alcohol-induced oropharynx tumors, but might also be the primary oncogenic factor for inducing carcinogenesis among some non-smokers. More evid...

Junichi Sugishita, and Leigh G. Torres, and Philip J. Seddon

Incidental fisheries bycatch is recognised as a major threat to albatross populations worldwide. However, fishery discards and offal produced in large quantities might benefit some scavenging seabirds. Here, we demonstrate an integrated approach to better understand the ecological ramifications of fine-scale overlap between seabirds and fisheries. As a case study, we examined whether foraging in association with a fishing vessel is advantageous for chick provisioning in terms of quantity of food...

Tosca eBallerini, and Tosca eBallerini, and Tosca eBallerini, and Giacomo eTavecchia, and Francesco ePezzo, and Francesco ePezzo, and Stephanie eJenouvrier, and Stephanie eJenouvrier, and Silvia eOlmastroni, and Silvia eOlmastroni

Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models (AOGCMs) predict changes in the sea ice environment and in atmospheric precipitations over larger areas of Antarctica. These changes are expected to affect the population dynamics of seabirds and marine mammals, but the extent of this influence is not clear. We investigated the future population trajectories of the colony of Adélie penguins at Edmonson Point, in the Ross Sea, from 2010 to 2100. To do so, we incorporated the relationship between sea ice...

O. Rama-Corredor, and B. Martrat, and J. O. Grimalt, and G. E. López-Otalvaro, and J. A. Flores, and F. Sierro

Sea surface temperatures (SST) in the Guiana Basin over the last 140 ka were obtained by measuring the C₃₇ alkenone unsaturation index U^k'₃₇ in the sediment core MD03-2616 (7° N, 53° W). The resulting data set is unique in the western tropical Atlantic region for this period. The SSTs range from 25.1 to 28.9 °C, i.e. glacial–interglacial amplitude of 3.8 °C, which is in the range of change of other tropical areas. <br><br> During the last two interglacial stages ...