Jiang Feng, and Tan Ming, and Gartenhaus Ronald B, and Liu Zhenqiu, and Jiao Xiaoli

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Identifying genes and pathways associated with diseases such as cancer has been a subject of considerable research in recent years in the area of bioinformatics and computational biology. It has been demonstrated that the magnitude of differential expression does not necessarily indicate biological significance. Even a very small change in the expression of particular gene may have dramatic physiological consequences if the protein encoded by this gene plays ...

Tybout Willemijn, and van't Veer Petronella J, and Jansen Aaltje PD, and van Marwijk Harm WJ, and Nijpels Giel, and van Hout Hein PJ, and Stalman Wim AB

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The objective of this article is to describe the design of an evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of systematic home visits by nurses to frail elderly primary care patients. Pilot objectives were: 1. To determine the feasibility of postal multidimensional frailty screening instruments; 2. to identify the need for home visits to elderly.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p><it>Main study</it>: The main study concerns a randomized controlled in primary care practices (PCP) ...

Windisch Heidrun Sigrid, and Lucassen Magnus, and Frickenhaus Stephan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Studies of temperature-induced adaptation on the basis of genomic sequence data were mainly done in extremophiles. Although the general hypothesis of an increased molecular flexibility in the cold is widely accepted, the results of thermal adaptation are still difficult to detect at proteomic down to the genomic sequence level. Approaches towards a more detailed picture emerge with the advent of new sequencing technologies. Only small changes in primary prote...

Chen Ming, and Ma Gwo-Chin, and Kou Guang-Hsiung, and Lo Chu-Fang, and Tsai Shih-Feng, and Wu Keh-Ming, and Shu Hung-Yu, and Liu Tze-Tze, and You En-Min, and Lin You-Yu, and Huang Shiao-Wei, and Wu Dongying, and Aoki Takashi, and Hirono Ikuo, and Yu Hon-Tsen

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The black tiger shrimp (<it>Penaeus monodon</it>) is one of the most important aquaculture species in the world, representing the crustacean lineage which possesses the greatest species diversity among marine invertebrates. Yet, we barely know anything about their genomic structure. To understand the organization and evolution of the <it>P. monodon </it>genome, a fosmid library consisting of 288,000 colonies and was constructed, equivalent to 5.3-fold coverag...

Blot Nicolas, and Boutte Christophe, and Le Corguillé Gildas, and Mella-Flores Daniella, and Partensky Frédéric, and Kolowrat Christian, and Ratin Morgane, and Ferréol Martial, and Lecomte Xavier, and Gourvil Priscillia, and Lennon Jean-François, and Kehoe David M, and Garczarek Laurence

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The marine cyanobacterium <it>Prochlorococcus </it>is very abundant in warm, nutrient-poor oceanic areas. The upper mixed layer of oceans is populated by high light-adapted <it>Prochlorococcus </it>ecotypes, which despite their tiny genome (~1.7 Mb) seem to have developed efficient strategies to cope with stressful levels of photosynthetically active and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. At a molecular level, little is known yet about how such minimalist microorgan...

Manier Mollie K, and Palumbi Stephen R

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Sperm morphology can be highly variable among species, but less is known about patterns of population differentiation within species. Most studies of sperm morphometric variation are done in species with internal fertilization, where sexual selection can be mediated by complex mating behavior and the environment of the female reproductive tract. Far less is known about patterns of sperm evolution in broadcast spawners, where reproductive dynamics are largely ...

Bernardete Weber, and Andrea Polo Galante, and Angela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, and Camila Ragne Torreglosa, and Vitor Oliveira Carvalho, and Elivane da Silva Victor, and Jose Amalth do Espírito-Santo, and Maria Beatriz Ross-Fernandes, and Rafael Marques Soares, and Rosana Perim Costa, and Enilda de Sousa Lara, and Anna Maria Buehler, and Otávio Berwanger

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet Program in reducing blood pressures, fasting glucose levels and body mass indices in patients with established atherothrombotic disease. METHOD: This randomized controlled pilot trial included outpatients who were over 45 years of age with atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. Group A, who received the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet Program, had weekly sessions with dietitians. Groups B and C received the usual d...

Luca Valera, and Alessandro Giuliani, and Alessio Gizzi, and Francesco Tartaglia, and Vittoradolfo Tambone

The present pilot study aims at analyzing the human activity of playing in the light of an indicator of human ecology (HE). We highlighted the four essential anthropological dimensions (FEAD), starting from the analysis of questionnaires administered to actual gamers. The coherence between theoretical construct and observational data is a remarkable proof-of-concept of the possibility of establishing an experimentally motivated link between a philosophical construct (coming from Huizinga's Homo ...

T.T. Duarte, and S.A.L. Corrêa, and U.J. Santana, and A.S.F. Pereira, and A. Hoffmann

Findings by our group have shown that the dorsolateral telencephalon of Gymnotus carapo sends efferents to the mesencephalic torus semicircularis dorsalis (TSd) and that presumably this connection is involved in the changes in electric organ discharge (EOD) and in skeletomotor responses observed following microinjections of GABA A antagonist bicuculline into this telencephalic region. Other studies have implicated the TSd or its mammalian homologue, the inferior colliculus, in defensive response...

Marcin F. Jêdrzejczak

The effects of the beach community structure of macro- and meiofauna on the process of beach wrack decay were investigated by means of a simple field colonisation experiment in a temperate, fine quartz sediment, sandy beach at the end of the Hel Peninsula in Poland. 1260 replicate litterbags of three mesh sizes (12 mm, 0.5 mm, 48 &#181;m) containing fresh wrack were used to assess the role of faunal and non-faunal components in the breakdown of stranded <i>Zostera marina</i>. Wrack breakdo...

Hugo Bornatowski, and Maurício de Castro Robert, and Luciano Costa

Rhinobatos percellens is one of three species of Rhinobatidae found on Brazilian shores and is one of the most abundant species on the shallow continental shelf of Paraná and Santa Catarina States. Specimens caught by artisanal fishery between July/2001 and March/2003 by fishing communities located on the frontier between two southern Brazilian States (Paraná and Santa Catarina) had their stomach contents analyzed. According to the Alimentary Index (IAi), Decapoda (69%) and Teleostei (22%) were ...

Siaka Seriba Diarra, and Malakai Koroilagilagi, and Simeli Tamani, and Latu Maluhola, and Sila Isitolo, and Jiaoti Batibasila, and Tevita Vaea, and Vasenai Rota, and Ulusagogo Lupea

The unavailability and high cost of traditional ingredients calls for more research into alternative sources for pig feeding in the South Pacific region. The effect of replacing feed protein with cassava leaf meal (CLM) protein in weaner and growing pigs’ diets was investigated in two experiments. In experiment 1, three diets in which CLM protein replaced 0, 15 and 30% of feed protein were fed each to five replicate pens of weaner pigs. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversio...

Thécia Alfenas Silva Valente Paes, and José Mauro Valente Paes, and Nilton Eduardo Torres Rojas, and Odete Rocha, and Maria José dos Santos Wisniewski

AIM: We aimed to evaluate the influence of the correction of the water alkalinity in the fish ponds on the density of zooplankton under a period they were stocked with larvae of Prochilodus lineatus, a neotropical fish called "Curimbatá". METHODS: We used a factorial design completely randomized. In one plot (2 ponds) there was no correction of the alkalinity of the water (20 mg CaCO3.L-1) and in two others, this variable was adjusted weekly to values around 30 and 60 mg CaCO3.L-1 ¹, with two re...

J. Zábori, and R. Krejci, and A. M. L. Ekman, and E. M. Mårtensson, and J. Ström, and G. de Leeuw, and E. D. Nilsson

Sea spray aerosols are an important part of the climate system through their direct and indirect effects. Due to the diminishing sea ice, the Arctic Ocean is one of the most rapidly changing sea spray aerosol source areas. However, the influence of these changes on primary particle production is not known. <br><br> In laboratory experiments we examined the influence of Arctic Ocean water temperature, salinity, and oxygen saturation on primary particle concentration characteristics. Sea wat...

Gönül Tuğrul İçemer

M. Rabatel, and P. Rampal, and A. Carrassi, and L. Bertino, and C. K. R. T. Jones

We present a sensitivity analysis and discuss the probabilistic forecast capabilities of the novel sea ice model neXtSIM used in hindcast mode. The study pertains to the response of the model to the uncertainty on winds using probabilistic forecasts of ice trajectories. neXtSIM is a continuous Lagrangian numerical model that uses an elasto-brittle rheology to simulate the ice response to external forces. The sensitivity analysis is based on a Monte Carlo sampling of 12 members. The respons...

R. Onken

The Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) has been employed to explore the sensitivity of the forecast skill of mixed-layer properties to initial conditions, boundary conditions, and vertical mixing parameterisations. The initial and lateral boundary conditions were provided by the Mediterranean Forecasting System (MFS) or by the MERCATOR global ocean circulation model via one-way nesting; the initial conditions were additionally updated through the assimilation of observations. Nowcasts and for...

Neiva Leite, and Leilane Lazarotto, and Jean Fuzetti Cavazza, and Maria de Fátima Aguiar Lopes, and Paulo César Baurace Bento, and Maria Emilia D. Von der Heyde, and Fabrício Cieslak, and Gerusa Eisfeld Milano

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of aquatic exercise and nutritional guidance on the body composition of obese children and adolescents. Thirty obese children aged 10 to 16 years, with a body mass index (BMI) above the 95th percentile according to the classification proposed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2000), were divided into two groups: the first group started learning to swim (GSwim, n = 10) and the second group underwent a deep water running ...

Paco González Ulibarry, and Pedro García Elizalde, and Juan Gastó Corderch, and Alejandro De Kartzow Garcia, and Javier Mauricio Obando Ulloa

Agriculture has been progressing continuously, from the use of free natural resources to the fossil fuels as energy sources. Even though agriculture depends mainly on ecosystem resources and services, its development has been apparently centered only on yield, not considering neither the ecological value of the negative externalities nor the decapitalization of the resources that influence sustainability. Thus, the information on the evaluation of the sustainability on different agriculture styl...

Vinod K Kannaujiya, and Richa e-, and Rajeshwar P Sinha

Ultraviolet-B (UV-B; 280-315 nm)-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) were extracted and purified from a marine red alga Bryocladia sp. by using high performance liquid chromatography. We have detected four MAAs having retention times 3.23, 2.94, 3.56 and 2.67 min with absorbance maxima (λmax) at 323, 328, 335 and 340 nm respectively. The effect of UV-B on the induction of these MAAs was studied. In comparison to control, there was 3 - 22 % induction of MAAs after 12 and 24 h of UV-B ex...

Kishida Ikuko, and Furuno Taku, and Kato Daiji, and Konishi Akiko, and Sato Ryoko, and Hasegawa Hana, and Kawanishi Chiaki, and Yamada Tomoki, and Odawara Toshinari, and Sugiyama Mitsugi, and Hirayasu Yoshio

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The incidence of suicide has increased markedly in Japan since 1998. As psychological autopsy is not generally accepted in Japan, surveys of suicide attempts, an established risk factor of suicide, are highly regarded. We have carried out this study to gain insight into the psychiatric aspects of those attempting suicide in Japan.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Three hundred and twenty consecutive cases of attempted suicide who were admitted to an urban emergency depa...

Corriveau Hélène, and Moffet Hélène, and Demers Émilie, and Vincent Claude, and Nadeau Sylvie, and Mercier Catherine

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The mobility of older individuals has often been only partially assessed, without considering all important aspects such as potential (available) versus effective (used) mobilities and the physical and psychosocial factors that modulate them. This study proposes a new model for evaluating mobility that considers all important aspects, applied here to lower-limb amputees with vascular origin. This model integrates the concepts of potential mobility (e.g. balan...

Rosa Arboretti Giancristofaro, and Luigi Salmaso

In this paper a new model validation procedure for a logistic regression model is presented. At first, we illustrate a brief review of different techniques of model validation. Next, we define a number of properties required for a model to be considered "good", and a number of quantitative performance measures. Lastly, we describe a methodology for the assessment of the performance of a given model by using an example taken from a management study.

Ingunn Naverud, and Mari Myhrstad, and Karl-Heinz Herzig, and Toni Karhu, and Tuva Dahl, and Bente Halvorsen, and Stine Ulven, and Kirsten B. Holven

Peptides released from the small intestine and colon regulate short-term food intake by suppressing appetite and inducing satiety. Intake of marine omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids from fish and fish oils is associated with beneficial health effects, whereas the relation between intake of the vegetable n-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid and diseases is less clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the postprandial effects of a single high-fat meal enriched with vegetable n-3 or a combination...

B. A. Blazey, and M. M. Holland, and E. C. Hunke

Sea ice cover in the Arctic Ocean is a continued focus of attention. This study investigates the impact of the snow overlying the sea ice in the Arctic Ocean. The impact of snow depth biases in the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) is shown to impact not only the sea ice, but also the overall Arctic climate. Following the identification of seasonal biases produced in CCSM simulations, the thermodynamic transfer through the snow–ice column is perturbed to determine model sensitivity to these ...

H. Coe, and J. D. Allan, and M. R. Alfarra, and M. R. Alfarra, and K. N. Bower, and M. J. Flynn, and G. B. McFiggans, and D. O. Topping, and P. I. Williams, and C. D. O&apos;Dowd, and M. Dall&apos;Osto, and D. C. S. Beddows, and R. M. Harrison

A suite of aerosol physical and chemical measurements were made at the Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station, Co. Galway, Ireland, a coastal site on the eastern seaboard of the north Atlantic Ocean during NAMBLEX. The data have been used in this paper to show that over a wide range of aerosol sizes there is no impact of the inter-tidal zone or the surf zone on measurements made at 7 m above ground level or higher. During the measurement period a range of air mass types were observed. During ant...

Pinaki Dutta, and Shruthi S Kamath, and Ashish Bhalla, and V N Shah, and Anand Srinivasan, and Prakamya Gupta, and Surjit Singh

Background: Organophosphate compound (OPC) poisoning is common in the developing countries such as India. The acute and later effects of OPC poisoning on pituitary and target gland hormones is largely unknown. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research between January 2012 and March 2013. Fourteen patients (8 males, age 18-50 years) with acute OPC poisoning were included in the study based on the history and clinical fe...

Zorić Katarina, and Simonović P., and Đikanović Vesna, and Marković Vanja, and Nikolić Vera, and Simić V., and Paunović M.

Twenty non-indigenous fish species were recorded in the Danube River. The manner of their introduction, vectors, pathways, as well as invasive status are discussed. The major modes of introduction and translocation were found to be aquaculture and fish stocking. The main environmental consequences of the spread of alien fish are related to changes in the structure and functioning of the fish community and to the introduction of non-indigenous parasites. [Projekat Ministarstva n...

Cláudio Cardoso Marinho, and Frederico Meirelles-Pereira, and Anderson da Rocha Gripp, and Camilla de Carvalho Guimarães, and Francisco de Assis Esteves, and Reinaldo Luiz Bozelli

AIM: This research aimed to evaluate (1) the influence of the aquatic macrophytes Typha domingensis Pers., Eleocharis interstincta (Vahl) Roem. & Schult. (emergent) and Potamogeton stenostachys K. Schum. (submersed) on sediment stoichiometry and (2) the contribution of these aquatic macrophytes to organic carbon composition in different compartments of a tropical coastal lagoon (Cabiúnas Lagoon, Macaé-RJ); METHODS: The concentration of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) was determined i...

J. P. Helmke, and H. A. Bauch, and U. Röhl, and E. S. Kandiano

Proxy records from a core site off Northwest Africa were generated and compared with data from the subpolar Northeast Atlantic to unravel some main climatic features of interglacial marine isotope stage (MIS) 11 (423–362 ka). The records point to an almost 25 kyr lasting full interglacial period during stage 11 that was preceded by a considerably long glacial-interglacial transition (Termination V). Off NW Africa, a strong reduction of terrestrially derived iron input is noted after 420 ka sugge...

K. Starmach

J.A Rojo-Vázquez, and C Quiñonez-Velázquez, and H.A Echavarria-Heras, and G Lucano-Ramírez, and E Godínez-Domínguez, and S Ruiz-Ramírez, and V.H Galván-Piña, and O Sosa-Nishizaki

In the tropical and subtropical coastal zone, were highly diverse fish communities occur, it is important to study the small scale fisheries exploiting these communities. For this study, 219 fishing days were carried out in Bahia de Navidad, Jalisco, Mexico. Four gillnets with different mesh sizes (76.2, 88.9, 101.6 and 114.3 mm) were used for the fishing operations, from April 1994 to March 1995 and from January 1998 to December 2000. A total of 26126 organisms weighting 11680 kg were caught. O...

Vollenbroek-Hutten Miriam M, and Kusters Dymphy, and Hermens Hermie J

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is often accompanied by an abnormal motor performance. However, it has not been clarified yet whether these deviations also occur during motor tasks not involving the back and whether the performance is influenced by pain and pain-related cognitions. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to get insight in the contribution of both pain experience and pain-related cognitions to general motor task performance in CLBP.</p> <p>Met...

Naik Aanand D, and White Craig D, and Robertson Suzanne M, and Armento Maria E A, and Lawrence Briana, and Stelljes Linda A, and Cully Jeffrey A

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Patients with diabetes are at increased risk for depression, compounding the burden of disease. When comorbid with diabetes, depression leads to poorer health outcomes and often complicates diabetes self-management<it>.</it> Unfortunately, treatment options for these complex patients are limited and comprehensive services are rarely available for patients in rural settings.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A small open trial was conducted to test the acceptability, feas...

Viale Iolanda, and Pagnozzi Daniela, and Tedde Vittorio, and Cappuccinelli Roberto, and Addis Maria, and Meloni Mauro, and Salati Fulvio, and Roggio Tonina, and Uzzau Sergio

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Currently, presence of <it>Moraxella </it>sp. in internal organs of fish is not considered detrimental for fish farming. However, bacterial colonization of internal organs can affect fish wellness and decrease growth rate, stress resistance, and immune response. Recently, there have been reports by farmers concerning slow growth, poor feed conversion, and low average weight increase of fish farmed in offshore floating sea cages, often associated with internal...

Fyhn, Michael B., and Nielsen, Lars Henrik, and Boldreel, Lars Ole

Perry Melissa J, and Quinn Margaret M, and Bello Anila, and Milton Donald K

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A growing body of epidemiologic evidence suggests an association between exposure to cleaning products with asthma and other respiratory disorders. Thus far, these studies have conducted only limited quantitative exposure assessments. Exposures from cleaning products are difficult to measure because they are complex mixtures of chemicals with a range of physicochemical properties, thus requiring multiple measurement techniques. We conducted a pilot exposure a...

MIKE BINGHAM

The Falkland Islands are an important breeding site for three species of penguin, gentoo (Pygoscelis papua), southern rockhopper (Eudyptes c. chrysocome) and Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus). The total penguin population for the Falkland Islands has declined by 84 % during the 1980s and 1990s. These declines did not occur in coastal South America, so potential causes of decline in the Falklands have been investigated. The suspected cause of decline is a reduction of fish and squid du...

Renata Ferrari, and Will F. Figueira, and Morgan S. Pratchett, and Tatiana Boube, and Arne Adam, and Tania Kobelkowsky-Vidrio, and Steve S. Doo, and Trisha Brooke Atwood, and Maria Byrne

Abstract Growth and contraction of ecosystem engineers, such as trees, influence ecosystem structure and function. On coral reefs, methods to measure small changes in the structure of microhabitats, driven by growth of coral colonies and contraction of skeletons, are extremely limited. We used 3D reconstructions to quantify changes in the external structure of coral colonies of tabular Acropora spp., the dominant habitat-forming corals in shallow exposed reefs across the Pacific. The volume and ...

Jun Aida, and Hiroyuki Hikichi, and Yusuke Matsuyama, and Yukihiro Sato, and Toru Tsuboya, and Takahiro Tabuchi, and Shihoko Koyama, and S. V. Subramanian, and Katsunori Kondo, and Ken Osaka, and Ichiro Kawachi

Abstract The Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study is a nationwide cohort study of individuals aged 65 years and older established in July 2010. Seven months later, one of the study field sites was directly in the line of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. Despite the 1-hour warning interval between the earthquake and tsunami, many coastal residents lost their lives. We analyzed the risk of all-cause mortality on the day of the disaster as well as in the 38-month interval after th...

Youme Ko, and Ho-Yeon Go, and In-Sik Han, and Kyou-Young Lee, and Tae-Hoon Kim, and Jin-Moo Lee, and Jun-Bok Jang, and Yun-Kyung Song, and Seung-Ho Sun, and Chan-Yong Jeon, and Seong-Gyu Ko

Abstract Background This study aims to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of a full randomized clinical trial of Ojeok-san in Korean female patients with cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet. Methods This study is a multicenter, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-arm, parallel-group pilot clinical trial. A total of 60 participants will be enrolled and randomly assigned to the Ojeok-san treatment group or the placebo control group, in a 1:1 ratio using an Inter...

Natalia Von Ellenrieder

Thirty three lotic environments in the Yungas mountain cloud forest of NW Argentina were sampled both in undisturbed forest areas and sites altered by human activities. Aquatic insects of 143 taxa in 55 families were collected. Cluster analysis suggested altitude as one of the main structuring variables of aquatic insect communities in these streams, and its importance was confirmed by non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS); the environmental parameters measured that were best correlated with...

Kirsty J. Martin-McGill, and Anthony G. Marson, and Catrin Tudur Smith, and Michael D. Jenkinson

Abstract Background Glioblastoma is the commonest form of malignant brain tumour in adults, affecting 2–3 people per 100,000 per year. Despite current treatment options including surgical resection, radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy, overall survival at 2 years is approximately 27%, with a median survival of 12–14 months. The ketogenic diet (KD) is postulated to work by simulating the metabolic response to fasting by promoting the utilisation of ketones as a primary energy source, and d...

Knut W. Vollset, and Lars Qviller, and Bjørnar Skår, and Bjørn T. Barlaup, and Ian Dohoo

Abstract Background The causal relation between parasitic sea lice on fish farms and sea lice on wild fish is a controversial subject. A specific scientific debate has been whether the statistical association between infestation pressure (IP) from fish farms and the number of parasites observed on wild sea trout emerges purely because of a confounding and direct effect of temperature (T). Methods We studied the associations between louse infestation on wild sea trout, fish farm activity and temp...

Kurttio Päivi, and Tokola Kari, and Heinävaara Sirpa, and Auvinen Anssi

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the agreement between self-reported and operator-derived estimates of call time based on a three-month monitoring period, as well as the consistency of mobile phone use over time. Alternative approaches to improve participation in a cohort study of mobile phone users were also compared.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 5,400 subjects were identified from network operators' subscriber databases for recruitment to the pilot ...

Vos Rutger A, and Gorman Kristen B, and Hipfner J Mark, and Joy Jeffrey B

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Nutrition and predation have been considered two primary agents of selection important in the evolution of avian life history traits. The relative importance of these natural selective forces in the evolution of avian embryonic developmental period (EDP) remain poorly resolved, perhaps in part because research has tended to focus on a single, high taxonomic-level group of birds: Order Passeriformes. The marine bird families Alcidae (auks) and Spheniscidae (pe...

Mitteroecker Philipp, and Kerschbaumer Michaela, and Herler Juergen, and Postl Lisbeth, and Sturmbauer Christian

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>With about 120 colour morphs currently assigned to six nominal species, the genus <it>Tropheus </it>is an ideal model to study evolutionary divergence of populations in allopatry. The morphology of <it>Tropheus </it>has been described as relatively static, but reproductive constraints are sexually dimorphic due to mouthbrooding in females. We analysed phenotypic variation in six populations of <it>T. moorii </it>and one population of <it>T. polli </it>using g...

Reza Ebrahimi Khezr Abad, and Masoud Farrokhrooz, and Ali Nekuie Frad

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of Artemia Urmiana cysts on performance and survival of Caspian brown trout fish. The treatments included different levels (25, 50, 75 and 100 %) of Artemia Urmiana cysts to Caspian brown trout fish with an average weight of 120 ± 25 g in active phase of larva stage until the weight of one gram. Feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR) of the treatment...

Mustafa Ünlüsayın, and Bahar Gümüş, and Ruhan Erdilal, and Hayri Gülyavuz

Sübye (Sepia officinalis)’nin protein kayıpları üzerine farklı tuzlama yöntemlerinin etkileri. Bu çalışmanın amacı; farklı tuzlama metotlarıyla tuzlanan sübye (Sepia officinalis L., 1758)’nin protein kayıplarını araştırmaktır. %8 ve %20 konsantrasyonlarında NaCl içeren iki farklı tuz solüsyonu çalışılmıştır. Üçüncü yöntem olan kuru tuzlama yöntemi ise balık yüzeyinin tamamı tuz ile kaplanarak yapılmıştır. Taze ve %8’lik solüsyonla tuzlanan sübyelerin nem içeriğindeki değişimler önemsizdi (P>0,05...

Chizhevsky Andrey A., and Lyganov Anton V.

This article offers findings of field investigations on two Late Bronze Age sites: Berezovaya Griva I and Ivanovskiy Bor X, located on the left bank of the Kama River in the area of Kuybyshev dam lake. These findings suggest that the Berezovaya Griva I station had a complex history of colonization: it yielded materials of the Srubnaya cultural-historical community (18th – 15th centuries BC), the Lugovskaya culture (15th – 14th centuries BC) and the later stage of Maklasheevka culture (12th/11th ...