Leonardo Romero

Jon Knight, and Pat Dale, and Patrick Dwyer, and Sam Marx

Management of coastal wetlands is increasingly difficult because of increasing pressure arising from anthropogenic causes. These include sea level and climate change as well as coastline development caused by population growth and demographic shifts, for example, amenity migration where people move to coastal communities for lifestyle reasons. Management of mangroves and salt marshes is especially difficult because maintaining ecosystem values, including the goods and services provided, is count...

Samaneh Tavakoli, and Hamid Ejtehadi, and Tayebeh Amini Eshkevari, and Shana Vosough Razavi

To judge and to evaluate the ecological characteristics of a region, vegetation is of prime importance. In fact, it reflects the biological reactions against the environmental conditions, plant evolution process and geographical condition of the past. The purpose of this study was to collect and identify aquatic plants of the East and the West of Mazandaran province. Therefore, sampling sites viz. stagnant water stops and irrigated farms were selected, marked out on the map and the specimens wer...

A. Vinoth Jebaraj, and L. Ajaykumar, and C.R. Deepak, and K.V.V. Aditya

In the present review, attempts have been made to analyze the metallurgical, mechanical, and corrosion properties of commercial marine alloy duplex stainless steel AISI 2205 with special reference to its weldability, machinability, and surfacing. In the first part, effects of various fusion and solid-state welding processes on joining DSS 2205 with similar and dissimilar metals are addressed. Microstructural changes during the weld cooling cycle such as austenite reformation, partitioning of all...

Lena Wimmer, and Silja Bellingrath, and Lisa Von Stockhausen

The present paper reports a pilot study which tested cognitive effects of mindfulness practice in a theory-driven approach. Thirty-four fifth graders received either a mindfulness training which was based on the mindfulness-based stress reduction approach (experimental group), a concentration training (active control group) or no treatment (passive control group). Based on the operational definition of mindfulness by Bishop et al. (2004), effects on sustained attention, cognitive flexibility, co...

Antônio dos Santos Junior, and Marco de Barros Costacurta

ResumoEstudos sobre ecologia de macrófitas aquáticas em ambiente natural no Brasil são relativamente escassos. Anualmente, um grande número de turistas é recebido para a prática da flutuação nas águas do rio Sucuri, Bonito, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: (1) descrever a composição e a cobertura relativa das espécies de macrófitas aquáticas no Rio Sucuri, (2) investigar o padrão de desbaste das macrófitas aquáticas no decorrer do ano e (3) eleger espécies com poten...

Ülo Suursaar

Variations in the hydrodynamic conditions were studied on the basis of 336 days of measurements with a Doppler current profiler. With wave data as a calibration reference, a semi-empirical hindcast of wave parameters is presented in the fetch-limited near-shore area for the period 1966-2008. A resultant 4-6 cm s-1 westward current dominated along the coast. Occasional fast sub-surface westward currents under modest wind forcing, as well as asymmetrical vertical profiles for westward and eastward...

Geraldo José Peixoto Ramos, and Carlos Eduardo de Mattos Bicudo, and Aristóteles Góes-Neto, and Carlos Wallace do Nascimento Moura

The present study presents 11 new additions of coccoid green algae to the phycoflora of Brazil, including the first record of the genus Westellopsis for the neotropical region. Samples of periphyton and plankton were collected in two areas of the Marimbus Wetlands (the Marimbus do Baiano and Marimbus do Remanso, within the Marimbus-Iraquara Environmentally Protected Area), in the Chapada Diamantina Region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Sample collection occurred during dry periods (April-June an...

O. A. Godin, and V. G. Irisov, and R. R. Leben, and B. D. Hamlington, and G. A. Wick

Observations of tsunamis away from shore are critically important for improving early warning systems and understanding of tsunami generation and propagation. Tsunamis are difficult to detect and measure in the open ocean because the wave amplitude there is much smaller than it is close to shore. Currently, tsunami observations in deep water rely on measurements of variations in the sea surface height or bottom pressure. Here we demonstrate that there exists a different observable, specifically,...

Susana María Velurtas, and Ana Cristina Díaz, and Analía Verónica Fernández-Gimenez, and Jorge Lino Fenucci

The present study compared the effect of different starch/cellulose ratios (30/0, 20/10, 10/20, 0/30) on the metabolic response and apparent digestibility in two species of penaeoids: Artemesia longinaris and Pleoticus muelleri. Adult animals were used in order to obtain sufficient quantities of haemolymph and faecal material for analysis. No significant differences were found in levels of plasma metabolites in P. muelleri, but in A. longinaris, a significant increase was observed in glucose, to...

Fernando A Zapata, and Alberto Rodríguez-Ramírez, and Carlos Caro-Zambrano, and Jaime Garzón-Ferreira

Colombian coral reefs, as other reefs worldwide, have deteriorated significantly during the last few decades due to both natural and anthropogenic disturbances. The National Monitoring System for Coral Reefs in Colombia (SIMAC) was established in 1998 to provide long-term data bases to assess the changes of Colombian coral reefs against perturbations and to identify the factors responsible for their decline or recovery. On the Pacific coast, data on coral and algal cover have been collected year...

Agarwal L, and Dhir S, and Lamba P

Bäckryd E, and Ghafouri B, and Carlsson AK, and Olausson P, and Gerdle B

Emmanuel Bäckryd,1,2 Bijar Ghafouri,1,2 Anders K Carlsson,1,2 Patrik Olausson,1,2 Björn Gerdle1,2 1Division of Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; 2Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Centre, Region Östergötland, Linköping, SwedenAbstract: Pain medicine lacks objective biomarkers to guide diagnosis and treatment. Combining t...

André Luiz Henríques Esguícero, and Marlene Sofia Arcifa

AIM: The main objective of this study was to investigate the quality of habitats for early life stages of fish in the Jacaré-Guaçu River, during the dry phase; METHODS: For assessing the quality of the habitats for the development of early life stages, the relative condition factor was applied to the juveniles of five species of fishes, captured in four different habitats (reservoir, floodplain lake, main river, and tributary). The juveniles were caught in macrophytes of the littoral zone by a r...

Thiraratana Prachumratana, and Poonsuk Prasertsan

Properties of visceral enzymes from yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and tonggol tuna (Thunnus albacares) were studied. The crude enzymes from viscera of yellowfin tuna and skipjack tuna exhibited the highest activities at pH 10.0 whereas it was at pH 9.0 for those from viscera of tonggol tuna. The enzymes were the most stable at their optima pH after 120 min incubation. The optimum temperatures for protease and lipase activities were at 50oC and 60oC, respe...

Maria eGenovese, and Francesca eCrisafi, and Renata eDenaro, and Simone eCappello, and Daniela eRusso, and Daniela eRusso, and Rosario eCalogero, and Santina eSantisi, and Santina eSantisi, and Maurizio eCatalfamo, and Alfonso eModica, and Francesco eSmedile, and Lucrezia eGenovese, and Peter N. Golyshin, and Laura eGiuliano, and Laura eGiuliano, and Michail eYakimov

The purpose of present study was the simulation of an oil spill accompanied by burial of significant amount of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) in coastal sediments. Approximately 1,000 kg of sediments collected in Messina harbor were spiked with Bunker C furnace fuel oil (6,500 ppm). The rapid consumption of oxygen by aerobic heterotrophs created highly reduced conditions in the sediments with subsequent recession of biodegradation rates. As follows, after three months of ageing, the anaerobic sedi...

Joanna Lee Dixon, and Rachael eBeale, and Stephanie eSargeant, and Glen eTarran, and Philip D Nightingale

Acetone is an important oxygenated volatile organic compound in the troposphere where it influences the oxidising capacity of the atmosphere. However, the air-sea flux is not well quantified, in part due to a lack of knowledge regarding which processes control oceanic concentrations, and, specifically whether microbial oxidation to CO2 represents a significant loss process. We demonstrate that 14C labelled acetone can be used to determine microbial oxidation to 14CO2. Linear microbial rates o...

Andrea Barbarossa, and Teresa Gazzotti, and Federica Farabegoli, and Francesca R. Mancini, and Elisa Zironi, and Luca Busani, and Giampiero Pagliuca

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are pollutants of anthropic origin with possible side effects on human health. Diet, and in particular fish and seafood, is considered the major intake pathway for humans. The present study investigated the levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) contamination in twenty-five samples of fresh fillet of five widely consumed fish species purchased from large retailers in Italy, to be used for an estimation of...

Joan Moranta, and Miquel Palmer, and Enric Massutí, and Constantí Stefanescu, and Beatriz Morales-Nin

Data collected south-west of the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean) on two cruises, Quimera-I (October, 1996) and Quimera-II (May, 1998), were used to establish general ecological patterns in deep-sea fish assemblages. A total of 39 trawls were taken at depths between 400 and 1714 m. Fish assemblages were analysed in terms of species composition, ecological parameters and biomass spectra. Differences in species composition between cruises and depth (Upper slope: 400-800 m, Middle slope: 80...

Pablo G. Navarro, and Sara García-Sanz, and Fernando Tuya

The reproductive biology of the sea cucumber Holothuria sanctori was studied over 24 months (February 2009 to January 2011) at Gran Canaria through the gonad index and a combination of macro- and microscopic analysis of the gonads. Holothuria sanctori showed a 1:1 sex ratio and a seasonal reproductive cycle with a summer spawning: the mean gonad index showed a maximum (3.99±0.02) in summer (June-July) and a minimum (0.05±0.04) between late autumn (November) and early spring (March). Females had ...

Sebastian eLuecker, and Boris eNowka, and Thomas eRattei, and Eva eSpieck, and Holger eDaims

In marine systems, nitrate is the major reservoir of inorganic fixed nitrogen. The only known biological nitrate-forming reaction is nitrite oxidation, but despite its importance, our knowledge of the organisms catalyzing this key process in the marine N-cycle is very limited. The most frequently encountered marine NOB are related to Nitrospina gracilis, an aerobic chemolithoautotrophic bacterium isolated from ocean surface waters. To date, limited physiological and genomic data for this organis...

S. C. Pryor, and R. J. Barthelmie, and R. J. Barthelmie

Conditional sampling is used herein to examine the effect of fetch, stability, and surface roughness changes on wind speeds in the coastal zone. Using data from an offshore wind farm it is shown that at a distance of 1.2–1.7 km from the coast, up to a height of 20 m above the surface, differences in wind speed distributions from onshore and offshore masts are statistically significant for flow moving offshore under all stability conditions. In contrast, differences between the distribution...

Christine Rogers, and Jacques de Wet, and Ayanda Gina, and Ladine Louw, and Musa Makhoba, and Lee Tacon

Vertigo is a common clinical problem that is challenging to diagnose and treat. While it has a broad range of aetiologies, the association between vestibular disturbance and anxiety is well established. The Vertigo Symptom Scale (VSS) is a questionnaire that assesses both dizziness and dizziness-related anxiety. The aim of this study was twofold. First, a translation of the VSS into Afrikaans was evaluated using the Delphi technique. Consensus was achieved within the Delphi rounds and a final to...

A. Kuhkheil, and H. Naghdi Badi, and A. Mehrafarin, and V. Abdossi

Background and objectives: Hippophae rhamnoides L. known as sea buckthorn is a deciduous medicinal shrub belonging to Elaeagnaceae family. In this study, the most important chemical constituents of sea buckthornwere evaluated in wild populations of central Alborz Mountains in Iran during the growth season of 2014 and 2015. Methods: Phytochemical analysis of fruit pulp and seed oil traits was performed using different methods of chromatography such as spectrophotometry, HPLC and GC. Results: Base...

Erhan Çiloğlu, and Cemalettin Şahin, and Ahmet Mutlu Gözler, and Bülent Verep

Kelly Cristina Mautari, and Naércio Aquino Menezes

The anostomid genus Laemolyta Cope, 1872, is redefined.Various morphological, especially osteological characters in addition to the commonly utilized features of dentition proved useful for its characterization. A taxonomic revision of all species was made using meristics, morphometrics and color pattern. Five species are recognized: Laemolyta fernandezi Myers, 1950, from the río Orinoco (Venezuela) and the sub-basins Tocantins/Araguaia and Xingu, L. orinocensis (Steindachner, 1879), restricted ...

S.V. Tarasenko

The article to determine areas of improvement of the economic analysis of the shipping companies tested, allowing to identify the problems of organization and methods, which are as follows: lack of regulation of economic analysis, unregulated and methods of economic analysis, using methods such as coefficient method, absolute differences method relative differences groupings balance method, while as factor analysis and correlation are ignored. Proved that today the priority targets of management...

Sérgio Makrakis, and Luiz Carlos Gomes, and Maristela Cavicchioli Makrakis, and Domingo Rodriguez Fernandez, and Carla Simone Pavanelli

The Canal da Piracema is the longest (nearly 10 km) fish pass system in the world. The construction of this fish pass was somehow controversial, because it connected two distinct ichthyofaunistic provinces. This study evaluated the ichthyofauna present in the Canal da Piracema and the abundance and distribution of long-distance migratory fish species along this fish pass system (evaluated possible selectivity). The Canal da Piracema was shown to be difficult to sample because of its environmenta...

Aslı Cadun, and Berna Kılınç, and Burcu Şen, and Şükran Çaklı

Laurent Marsollier, and Estelle Deniaux, and Priscille Brodin, and Agnès Marot, and Christelle Mbondji Wondje, and Jean-Paul Saint-André, and Annick Chauty, and Christian Johnson, and Fredj Tekaia, and Edouard Yeramian, and Pierre Legras, and Bernard Carbonnelle, and Gilles Reysset, and Sara Eyangoh, and Geneviève Milon, and Stewart T Cole, and Jacques Aubry

BACKGROUND: Buruli ulcer is a severe human skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. This disease is primarily diagnosed in West Africa with increasing incidence. Antimycobacterial drug therapy is relatively effective during the preulcerative stage of the disease, but surgical excision of lesions with skin grafting is often the ultimate treatment. The mode of transmission of this Mycobacterium species remains a matter of debate, and relevant interventions to prevent this disease lack (i) th...

Dantas C.C., and Moura A.E., and de Lima Filho H.J.B., and Melo S.B., and Dos Santos V.A., and Lima E.A.O.

The solid flow in air-catalyst in circulating fluidized bed was simulated with CFD model to obtain axial and radial distribution. Therefore, project parameters were confirmed and steady state operation condition was improved. Solid holds up axial end radial profiles simulation and comparison with gamma transmission measurements are in a good agreement. The transmission signal from an 241Am radioactive source was evaluated in NaI(Tl) detector coupled to multichannel analyzer. This non intrusive m...

G. IOANNOU, and N. MICHAILIDIS, and A. LOUCAIDES, and I. MANITARAS

The first occurrence of the Indo-Pacific blue-barred parrotfish (Scarus ghobban) in the coastal waters of Cyprus is reported. The finding corroborates the establishment of this Lessepsian immigrant along the Levantine coasts.

Neus eGarcias-Bonet, and Jesús M Arrieta, and Charles N de Santana, and Carlos M Duarte, and Carlos M Duarte, and Núria eMarbà

Bacterial endophytes are crucial for the survival of many terrestrial plants, but little is known about the presence and importance of bacterial endophytes of marine plants. We conducted a survey of the endophytic bacterial community of the long-living Mediterranean marine angiosperm Posidonia oceanica in surface-sterilized tissues (roots, rhizomes and leaves) by DGGE. A total of 26 Posidonia oceanica meadows around the Balearic Islands were sampled, and the band patterns obtained for each mead...

A. Smith, and A. Smith, and A. Cooper, and A. Cooper, and S. Misra, and V. Bharuth, and L. Guastella, and L. Guastella, and R. Botes

Shore platform stromatolites (SPS) were first noted at Cape Morgan on the south-east African seaboard. Since then they have been found growing discontinuously in rocky peritidal zones along the entire southern African seaboard. They have also been found on the southwest Australian coast, at Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland, and more recently at Harris on the Scottish Hebridean Atlantic coast. In this paper SPS occurrence and SPS potential as analogues for Precambrian fossil stromatoli...

Ana Carolina Pizzochero

Aquatic systems have been considered as final sinks for persistent and bioaccumulative toxicants (PBTs), such as metals and organohalogen compounds. Among the trace elements, non-essential metals deserve special attention due to their toxicity. In this context, mercury (Hg) should be highlighted due to its toxic effects, which comprise neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity, among others. Several studies have highlighted the selenium-mediated methylmercury detoxification pro...

Mamontova Olga, and Rumyantsev Yevgeny

The analysis of the parasite fauna of Coregonidae (Coregonus albula, C. lavaretus) in the lakes of Karelia is carried out. The changes connected with biological inhomogeneity of fish, typology and zoogeographical position of lakes are shown.

Daniel Wangpraseurt, and Steven Jacques, and Tracy Petrie, and Michael Kühl

Corals are very efficient at using solar radiation, with photosynthetic quantum efficiencies approaching theoretical limits. Here, we investigated potential mechanisms underlying such outstanding photosynthetic performance through extracting inherent optical properties of the living coral tissue and skeleton in a massive faviid coral. Using Monte Carlo simulations developed for medical tissue optics it is shown that for the investigated faviid coral, the coral tissue was a strongly light scatter...

C. N. BIANCHI, and M. CORSINI-FOKA, and C. MORRI, and A. ZENETOS

Results of recent fieldwork were compared with data collected in 1981, taken as a reference condition. Surveys were conducted with the same method (time-based visual census along random paths), in the same sites, by the same people. Semi-quantitative inventories of conspicuous species were analysed by univariate and multivariate techniques. Available information on the main potential stressors indicated that a regime shift has occurred in these 30+ years: sea surface temperature rose by1-2°C, hu...

Sergio Rossi, and Ida Fiorillo

Protoceratium reticulatum is considered a potential toxic dinoflagellate. This paper describes a high-frequency monitoring study performed at Chipana Bay (northern Chile), sampling over 48 hours in a near-bottom shallow coastal area to quantify the biochemical features of a red tide dominated by this microscopic algae. This area belongs to the Humboldt Current upwelling system, and is considered highly productive for artisanal fisheries. Total chlorophyll a, total lipids, particulate organic car...

Sergio Silva, and Sandra Barca, and María José Servia

After a juvenile haematophagous stage developed mainly at sea, the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, 1758 stop feeding and return to the river to spawn. One of the main pressures in this stage is the presence of obstacles that reduce the accessible habitat, the mobility of individuals within this section and the energy resources available for gonad development and spawning. In addition, in the River Ulla, adults are targeted in a commercial fishery, using fyke-nets in the upper estuary an...

Elham M. Ali, and Islam A. El-Magd

The coastal zone of the Nile Delta lodges highly populated cities (e.g. Alexandria, Port Said) together with small towns and villages. It represents the major industrial, agricultural, and economic resource of the country. The area has been subjected to extensive and excessive unplanned developmental projects to foster the economic status of the local communities that, however, negatively impacted both land use and land cover characteristics. Satellite images were processed to identify the domin...

Daniel J. Hoover, and Kingsley O. Odigie, and Peter W. Swarzenski, and Patrick Barnard

Study region: The study region spans coastal California, USA, and focuses on three primary sites: Arcata, Stinson Beach, and Malibu Lagoon. Study focus: 1 m and 2 m sea-level rise (SLR) projections were used to assess vulnerability to SLR-driven groundwater emergence and shoaling at select low-lying, coastal sites in California. Separate and combined inundation scenarios for SLR and groundwater emergence were developed using digital elevation models of study site topography and groundwater surfa...

Hans-Joachim Rätz, and Anna Cheilari, and Jordi Lleonart

The comparison of VIT model results with those of the virtual population analysis assessment of the cod stock in the Skagerrak, North Sea and Eastern Channel established by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) reveal that overall trends in fishing mortality and stock size are well captured over a period of three decades (1963-1992). However, the implications of the equilibrium assumption (steady state) made by the VIT model are enormous, as it forces strong inter-annua...

M. Sonnewald, and J. J.-M. Hirschi, and R. Marsh, and E. L. McDonagh, and B. A. King

Local climate is significantly affected by changes in the oceanic heat content on a range of timescales. This variability is driven by heat fluxes from both the atmosphere and the ocean. In the Atlantic the meridional overturning circulation is the main contributor to the oceanic meridional heat transport for latitudes south of about 50° N. The RAPID project has been successfully monitoring the Atlantic meridional overturning at 26° N since 2004. This study demonstrates how these data ca...

Hugo Miguel Santos, and Elisabete De Jesus Oliveira, and Javier eGarcia-Pardo, and Mário Sousa Diniz, and Julia eLorenzo, and Benito eRodriguez-González, and José Luis eCapelo, and Carlos eLodeiro

Silver nanoparticles, AgNPs, are widely used in our daily life, mostly due to their antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties. However, their potential toxicity remains unclear. In order to unravel this issue, emissive AgNPs were first synthetized using an inexpensive photochemical method, and then their permeation was assessed in vivo in goldfish and in vitro in human hepatoma cells (HepG2). In addition, the oxidative stress caused by AgNPs was assessed in enzymes such as glutathione-S...

Fausto Foresti

Marcos T. Mercadante, and Elizeu C. Macedo, and Patrícia M. Baptista, and Cristiane S. Paula, and José S. Schwartzman

OBJECTIVE: To verify differences in the visual scanning strategies between pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) and controls when they are observing social and non-social pictures. METHOD: PDD group (PDDG) comprised by 10 non-retarded subjects (age from 4 to 41) and age-matched control group (CG). Nine social pictures with human beings (including two pictures of cat mask), and 3 nonsocial pictures of objects were presented for 5 seconds. Saccadic movements and fixation were recorded with equi...

Aldo Pacheco Ferreira

This study aimed to evaluate the co-occurrence of caffeine and the extent of its influence as compared to other traditional water quality parameters (microbiological and physico-chemical) in order to characterize it as an efficient indicator of anthropic pollution of urban aquatic environments. Caffeine is an ingredient in a variety of beverages (coffee, tea, and caffeinated soft drinks) and numerous food products (chocolate, pastries, and dairy desserts). Although the human body metabolizes thi...

Luiz Carlos Batista Lobato, and Raimunda Conceição de Vilhena Potiguara, and Jorge Oliveira

Plant-derived fibers used in small-scale fisheries of the Salgado region of Pará state, Brazil. Fiber-providing plants occupy a distinctive place in the daily life of traditional Amazonian communities, next to medicinal plants, food plants, and timber species. In the Salgado region of Pará state, Brazil, on the Atlantic coast (municipalities of Colares, Curuçá, Magalhães Barata, Maracanã, Marapanim, Salinópolis, Santarém Novo, São Caetano de Odivelas, São João de Pirabas, and Vigia) plant-derive...

Mukhopadhyay C, and Chawla K, and Sharma Y, and Bairy I

<b>Background:</b> <i> Aeromonas </i> species are gram-negative rods usually isolated from the gastrointestinal tract. They have been occasionally reported as a cause of extra-intestinal infections such as cellulitis, cholangitis, necrotizing fascitis, meningitis, bacteremia, or peritonitis in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients<b> . Aim:</b> To determine the role and possible pathogenesis of <i> Aeromonas </i> in extra-intestinal infections.<b>Settings and Design:</b> Retrospect...