LIZAMA M. DE LOS A. P., and AMBRÓSIO A. M.

The condition factor for nine species of tropical freshwater fish of the Characidae family in the upper Paraná River floodplain is described. Fish were caught over a period of 12 months (February 1993 to March 1994). Knowledge of the nine species is important for adequate management and maintenance of the biological equilibrium of the ecosystem.

Maria Leonora Silva Brito, and Marcos Tavares Dias, and Jefferson Raphael Gonzaga Lemos

Os estudos sobre a parasitofauna de peixes ornamentais cultivados são de grande relevância para o conhecimento das espécies de parasitos, permitindo interferência em sua proliferação para evitar epizootias e, consequentemente, perdas econômicas na criação. O presente estudo investigou a prevalência e intensidade de parasitos protozoários e metazoários em cardinal <em>Paracheirodon axelrodi</em> (N = 89), mantidos em tanques de um exportador de Manaus, Estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Dos espécimes de...

Alex Augusto Gonçalves

In recent years, increasing attention has been focused on the safety of foods, and in particular on the intervention methods to reduce and eliminate human pathogens from fresh product, especially fresh seafood. Traditional technology utilizes water with or without a sanitizing agent to wash fresh seafood. Chlorine is the most widely used sanitizing agent available for fresh product, but it has a limited effect in killing bacteria on seafood surfaces. An alternative treatment is being sought to i...

Aarati Nayak, and Anita Raikar, and Vijaylaxmi Kotrashetti, and Ramakant Nayak, and Sumedha Shree, and Soumya Kambali

Background: Apoptosis plays a critical role in the regulation of inflammation and host immune response. It helps in tissue homeostasis and a disturbance in this is often associated with disease. The use of histochemical stains like hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and methyl green-pyronin (MGP) can provide a simple and cost-effective method for the detection of apoptotic cells. Aim: Study intended to analyze the expression of apoptosis in the gingival epithelium of healthy subjects and in patient...

C. Matos, and C. Sitoe, and S. Afonso, and J. Banze, and J. Baptista, and G. Dias, and F. Rodrigues, and A. Atanásio, and A. Nhamusso, and M-L. Penrith, and A. L. Willingham III

Apilot survey was conducted in 2 districts in Mozambique to determine the most important health problems facing smallholder pig producers. While African swine fever is the most serious disease that affects pigs at all levels of production in Mozambique, it is likely that productivity is reduced by the presence of mange and gastrointestinal parasites, while in traditional systems the conditions are favourable for the development of porcine cysticercosis caused by the pork tapeworm Taenia solium, ...

Kristine N. White, and David K. Weinstein, and Taku Ohara, and Vianney Denis, and Javier Montenegro, and James D. Reimer

Very few studies have been conducted on the long-term effects of typhoon damage on mesophotic coral reefs. This study investigates the long-term community dynamics of damage from Typhoon 17 (Jelawat) in 2012 on the coral community of the upper mesophotic Ryugu Reef in Okinawa, Japan. A shift from foliose to bushy coral morphologies between December 2012 and August 2015 was documented, especially on the area of the reef that was previously recorded to be poor in scleractinian genera diversity and...

Abdelhamid Algayd

The paper describes the characteristics of fish growing and fish-production development in Egypt, and focused on the analysis of contribution of aquaculture production by environment in total fish production within the defined reference period 1996 to 2005. Statistical methods were applied to evaluate the state of aquaculture production including mean coefficient of growth and mean coefficient of change. There is also presented short-time point and interval extrapolation prediction of studied ev...

Seyed Mohammad Sadeghi-Nassaj, and Teresa S. Catalá, and Pedro A. Álvarez, and Isabel Reche

Background Mono-specific aquaculture effluents contain high concentrations of nutrients and organic matter, which affect negatively the water quality of the recipient ecosystems. A fundamental feature of water quality is its transparency. The fraction of dissolved organic matter that absorbs light is named chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). A sustainable alternative to mono-specific aquaculture is the multitrophic aquaculture that includes species trophically complementary named “extr...

S. Arndt, and M. Nicolaus

Arctic sea ice has not only decreased in volume during the last decades, but has also changed in its physical properties towards a thinner and more seasonal ice cover. These changes strongly impact the energy budget, and might affect the ice-associated ecosystems. In this study, we quantify solar shortwave fluxes through sea ice for the entire Arctic during all seasons. To focus on sea-ice-related processes, we exclude fluxes through open water, scaling linearly with sea ice concentration. We pr...

Yooil Kim, and In-Gyu Ahn, and Sung-Gun Park

The mode shapes of a segmented hull model towed in a model basin were predicted using both the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and cross random decrement technique. The proper orthogonal decomposition, which is also known as Karhunen-Loeve decomposition, is an emerging technology as a useful signal processing technique in structural dynamics. The technique is based on the fact that the eigenvectors of a spatial coherence matrix become the mode shapes of the system under free and randomly e...

Teresa Summavielle, and Pedro Riberiro Rocha Monteiro, and María Armanda Reis-Henriques, and Joao Coimbra

Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was applied to identify selected metabolites obtained in in vitro incubations of ovarian and hepatopancreatic tissues from female Marsupenaeus japonicus in previtellogenic and vitellogenic maturation stages. Depending on the precursors used, progesterone, 17?-hydroxyprogesterone or testosterone, it was possible to observe the presence of several enzymatic activities through metabolites detected in incubations. The present study provides evidence that the ovary of the shrim...

H. Parker, and H. O'Connor, and J. Cohn, and M. Garg, and I. Caterson, and J. George, and N. Johnson

K. OUNIFI- BEN AMOR, and Μ. RIFI, and R. GHANEM, and I. DRAEIF, and J. ZAOUALI, and J. BEN SOUISSI

An updated inventory of alien marine fauna in coastal and offshore Tunisian waters is presented. Records were compiled from scientific and ‘grey’ publications, presentations at scientific meetings, theses presented in fulfillment of requirements towards MSc and PhD degrees, websites and personal observations. 136 alien species were recorded in Tunisian waters, 60 records in northern coasts, West Mediterranean and 76 in central and southern coasts, Central Mediterranean. Nearly half of the first ...

Belén Martín Míguez, and Laurent Testut, and Guy Wöppelmann

Considerable efforts are being made worldwide to upgrade tide gauge networks using new technologies. Because of the unique location of the Kerguelen Islands, the measurement of sea level there has received particular attention, with up to four systems equipped with modern sensors functioning simultaneously (two pressure tide gauges, a radar tide gauge, and a GPS-equipped buoy). We analysed and compared the sea level data obtained with these systems from 2003 to 2010, together with a time series ...

M. Sridharan, and N. Gururajan, and A. M. S. Ramasamy

The utility of fuzzy set theory in cluster analysis and pattern recognition has been evolving since the mid 1960s, in conjunction with the emergence and evolution of computer technology. The classification of objects into categories is the subject of cluster analysis. The aim of this paper is to employ Fuzzy-clustering technique to examine the interrelationship of geomagnetic coastal and other effects at Indian observatories. Data from the observatories used for the present studies are fro...

Cathryn Clarke Murray, and Selina Agbayani, and Natalie C. Ban

With increasing human population, large scale climate changes, and the interaction of multiple stressors, understanding cumulative effects on marine ecosystems is increasingly important. Two major drivers of change in coastal and marine ecosystems are industrial developments with acute impacts on local ecosystems, and global climate change stressors with widespread impacts. We conducted a cumulative effects mapping analysis of the marine waters of British Columbia, Canada, under different scenar...

. Wiyoto, and Julie Ekasari

<p>Bacterial disease is one of the most common diseases in aquaculture practices which have a significant impact. Several researches noted that pathogenicity of a certain bacteria can be determined by its quorum sensing activity. Quorum sensing is a communication process of a certain bacteria with the same or different species of bacteria which involves the releasing and capturing of signal molecule to and from the environment. This activity will activate a certain target gene which further resu...

K. Geetakumari, and K. Kadu

A new species of Badis from Singen River, Brahmaputra basin in Arunachal Pradesh, India, has the following combination of characters: a conspicuous round black blotch postero-dorsally on opercle at the base of opercle spine covering many scales; three distinct black blotches at dorsal fin base: the first, behind the third spine; the second, behind the sixth dorsal spine and the third, behind the fifth and sixth soft dorsal rays. The species differs from its nearest congeners, B. assamensis and ...

Pegah Kalatehjari, and Mahdi Yousefian, and Mohammad Ali Khalilzadeh

This study was conducted to evaluate the in-vitro effects of copper nanoparticles on the growth of the fungus Saprolegnia sp. isolated from white fish (Rutilus frisii kutum) eggs. The antifungal effects were measured by determining the minimum lethal concentration of copper nanoparticles on Saprolegnia sp. in yeast extract glucose chloramphenicol (YGC) agar at 25 °C. Saprolegnia grown in YGC agar without added copper nanoparticles served as negative controls. Our study showed that copper nanopar...

Vanda Mariyam Mendonça, and David Raffaelli, and Peter Boyle, and Chas Emes

The Culbin Sands lagoon ecosystem in NE Scotland was studied during a three-year period (1994-1996) to identify the major trophic links from benthic invertebrates to epibenthic predators, and to assess impacts of overwintering fish on their prey communities. Every 2-4 weeks, samples of mobile fauna were collected to study their diets. The major trophic links identified between benthic invertebrates and epibenthic predators were from benthic invertebrates to the shrimp Crangon crangon, and to the...

Graeme Clive Hays, and Gail eSchofield, and Antonios D Mazaris

The implications of climate change for global biodiversity may be profound with those species with little capacity for adaptation being thought to be particularly vulnerable to warming. A classic case of groups for concern are those animals exhibiting temperature-dependent sex-determination (TSD), such as sea turtles, where climate warming may produce single sex populations and hence extinction. We show that, globally, female biased hatchling sex ratios dominate sea turtle populations (exceeding...

Gerrit Berend Nanninga, and Michael Lee Berumen

The exchange of individuals among patchy habitats plays a central role in spatial ecology and metapopulation dynamics. Dispersal (e.g. short vs. long) is frequently observed to vary non-randomly within populations, indicating that variability among individuals may shape heterogeneity in patterns of connectivity. The concept of context- and condition-dependent dispersal describes the balance between the costs and benefits of dispersal that arises from the interaction of temporal and spatial lands...

S. M. Barbosa, and M. J. Fernandes, and M. E. Silva

Mean sea level is a variable of considerable interest in meteorological and oceanographic studies, particularly long-term sea level variation and its relation to climate changes. This study concerns the analysis of monthly mean sea level data from tide gauge stations in the Northeast Atlantic with long and continuous records. Much research effort on mean sea level studies has been focused on identifying long-term linear trends, usually estimated through least-squares fitting of a determi...

B. ZANOU, and CH. ANAGNOSTOU, and E. PAPATHANASSIOU

In the framework of an integrated coastal zone management, the involvement of users is required and “open discussions” is one of the techniques used for their participation. The authors used this technique during a project for the sustainable development of mussel-culture in the coastal zone of the Axios Delta. Open discussion contributed to the acceptance of the scientific results by the users of the aquatic environment (mussel-farmers) who addressed trade-offs in their own way. The majority of...

J. Jayanth, and T. Ashok Kumar, and Shivaprakash Koliwad, and Sri Krishnashastry

This study investigates land cover (LC) changes in the coastal area of Dakshina Kannada district in the state of Karnataka, South India, during the years 2004–2008 as a case study. IRS P-6, Linear Imaging Self Scanning sensor (LISS-IV) satellite images were used in the present work. Classification was carried out using artificial bee colony algorithm and support vector machine (SVM) which gave a better result compared to other traditional classification techniques. The best overall classificatio...

L. Istomina, and G. Heygster, and M. Huntemann, and H. Marks, and C. Melsheimer, and E. Zege, and A. Malinka, and A. Prikhach, and I. Katsev

The spatial and temporal dynamics of melt ponds and sea ice albedo contain information on the current state and the trend of the climate of the Arctic region. This publication presents a study on melt pond fraction (MPF) and sea ice albedo spatial and temporal dynamics obtained with the Melt Pond Detection (MPD) retrieval scheme for the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) satellite data. This study compares sea ice albedo and MPF to surface air temperature reanalysis data, compares MP...

M. Kyle S. Smith, and Nerina Kruger, and Taryn S. Murray

Coastal environments provide a wide range of leisure opportunities, including recreational fishing. Understanding spatial and temporal fishing patterns is important in ensuring wise management and sustainable use. To provide information on shore angler effort and distribution, randomised aerial surveys of the Garden Route coast between the eastern border of the Tsitsikamma Marine Protected Area and the Kaaimans River mouth in the west were undertaken between December 2008 and November 2009. A to...

Eva Fassbinder, and Maren Schuetze, and Annika Kranich, and Valerija Sipos, and Fritz Hohagen, and Ida Shaw, and Joan Farrell, and Arnoud Arntz, and Ulrich Schweiger

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe, challenging to treat mental disorder. Schema therapy (ST) as an individual therapy has been proven to be an effective psychological treatment for BPD. A group format of ST (GST) has been developed and evaluated in a randomized controlled trial in the United States and piloted in The Netherlands. These results suggest that GST speeds up and amplifies treatment effects of ST and might reduce delivery costs. However, feasibility in the German healt...

Vicente Gomes, and Van Ngan Phan, and Maria José de Arruda Campos Rocha Passos

The chromosomes of three species of fishes belonging to the family Ariidae -Netuma barba, Genidens genidens and Amis parkeri - were studied after conventional Giemsa staining. All three species have a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 56. The karyotype comprises 18 metacentric (m), 18 submetacentric (sm), 18 subtelocentric (st) and 2 telocentric (t) pairs for N. barba; 12 m, 20 sm, 20 st and 41 pairs for G. genidens; 16 m, 16 sm, 22 st and 21 pairs for A. parkeri. The results obtained from these...

Janaina P. Araújo, and Antonio Souto, and Lena Geise, and Maria Elisabeth Araújo

There is still little knowledge about the behavior of the estuarine dolphins and also the way they react to the presence of different types of vessels. The aim of the present study was twofold: to investigate the behavior of estuarine dolphins in four locations in Pernambuco, Brazil, and also their reaction to the presence of common types of nautical crafts. The data of this study resulted from 48 fieldtrips to each of the four localities studied (ports of Recife and Suape, and beaches of Bairro...

Novikov V. Yu., and Dolgopyatova N. V. , and Konovalova I. N., and Kuchina Yu. A.

Investigation of production of chondroitin sulfate, chitosan and polyelectrolyte complexes based on them received from the local marine raw materials is relevant from the point of view of developing a comprehensive waste-free technology for natural raw materials processing. The objects of study are chitosan derived from the shell of the Kamchatka crab Paralithodes camtschaticus and chondroitin sulfate derived from cartilage of salmon Salmon salar. To determine the surface tension of polyelectrol...

X. S. Asay-Davis, and S. L. Cornford, and G. Durand, and B. K. Galton-Fenzi, and R. M. Gladstone, and G. H. Gudmundsson, and T. Hattermann, and D. M. Holland, and D. Holland, and P. R. Holland, and D. F. Martin, and P. Mathiot, and F. Pattyn, and H. Seroussi

Coupled ice sheet–ocean models capable of simulating moving grounding lines are just becoming available. Such models have a broad range of potential applications in studying the dynamics of marine ice sheets and tidewater glaciers, from process studies to future projections of ice mass loss and sea level rise. The Marine Ice Sheet–Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (MISOMIP) is a community effort aimed at designing and coordinating a series of model intercomparison projects (MIPs) for model eva...

Hossein Mousazadeh, and Jafarbiglu Hamid, and Omrani Elham, and Monhaseri Farshid, and Kiapei Ali, and Salmani-Zakaria Yousef, and Makhsoos Ashkan

Considering the effectiveness of maritime transportation, a large number of world's trade is carried by sea and ports. Monitoring ports and harbors are essential for 24 hourly loading/unloading of ships. In this regard, bathymetry and monitoring of depth data especially in real time manner would be very valuable and worthy. To plot hydrography map of ports and harbors in the bureau as online and with low cost, a Surface Vehicle (SV) is designed and developed. This vehicle could navigate in four ...

Carmen G. Montaña, and Craig A. Layman, and Donald C. Taphorn

Morichales are lowland streams in South American savannas with riparian forest dominated by the moriche palm (Mauritia flexuosa). We sampled littoral habitats from ten flooded vegetated patches (dominated by Mauritiella aculeate) and six sand banks in two months of the dry season (Feb-Mar 2005) in a stream in the savannas of Apure State, Venezuela. We collected samples that compromised 12,407 individual fishes of 107 species. Small-bodied fishes (< 100 mm), representing diverse trophic and life ...

Nadir Shamilevich Mamilov, and Igor Valerievich Mitrofanov

Indigenous fish fauna of the Balkhash basin was mostly formed in the postglacial period and consists of 10 species from Cyprinidae family, 5 from Balitoridae, and 1 from Percidae. More than 20 alien fish species were introduced here during XXth century that led to eradication of indigenous fishes from the Balkhash Lake and the Ili River. Our investigations of the fish fauna during last 25 years revealed permanent shortage of living area of indigenous fishes. Nowadays fish communities from only i...

Bruno eCozzi, and Giulia eRoncon, and Alberto eGranato, and Maristella eGiurisato, and Maura eCastagna, and Antonella ePeruffo, and Mattia ePanin, and Cristina eBallarin, and Stefano eMontelli, and Andrea ePirone

The mammalian claustrum is involved in processing sensory information from the environment. The claustrum is reciprocally connected to the visual cortex and these projections, at least in carnivores, display a clear retinotopic distribution. The visual cortex of dolphins occupies a position strikingly different from that of land mammals. Whether the reshaping of the functional areas of the cortex of cetaceans involves also modifications of the claustral projections remains hitherto unanswered.<b...

Magda Vila, and Mercedes Masó

Phytoplankton assemblages were analysed by multivariate analysis techniques in highly modified waterbodies (harbours) of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea over an annual cycle. The phytoplankton functional groups that characterise these anthropogenically impacted waters were identified and related to HAB events. Four functional groups can be distinguished from the analysis: (1) bloom-forming dinoflagellates, (2) winter diatoms, (3) summer-autumn diatoms, and (4) large dinoflagellates and elonga...

Rafael Sardà, and Tim O'Higgins, and Roland Cormier, and Amy Diedrich, and Joaquin Tintoré

New coastal and marine management strategies have recently been developed in many countries and regions. From an ecosystem approach perspective, the aim of such strategies is the maintenance of ecosystem integrity while enabling the sustainable use of ecosystem goods and services. There is, however, a need for harmonized definitions and standardized processes to deal not only with the interjurisdictional and multidisciplinary complexities that are associated with such strategies but also with th...

S. B. Dalsøren, and B. H. Samset, and G. Myhre, and J. J. Corbett, and R. Minjares, and D. Lack, and J. S. Fuglestvedt

We quantify the concentrations changes and Radiative Forcing (RF) of short-lived atmospheric pollutants due to shipping emissions of NO_x, SO_x, CO, NMVOCs, BC and OC. We use high resolution ship emission inventories for the Arctic that are more suitable for regional scale evaluation than those used in former studies. A chemical transport model and a RF model are used to evaluate the time period 2004–2030, when we expect increasing traffic in the Arctic region. Two datasets f...

Madeline Haggan

Abstract Since text messaging is a widely popular method of communication among young people, the paper tries to investigate whether it might have some practical application in the EFL classroom. Kuwaiti EFL students asked to render a mixture of text messages written by their peers and native English speakers into Standard English produced a large number and variety of basic language errors. However, native English-speaking judges were unsuccessful in discriminating between the native and non...

Tom Schepens, and Guy Cammu, and Sabine Maes, and Benny Desmedt, and Wim Vos, and Kristof Deseure

Abstract Objectives Reductions in diaphragm activity are associated with the postoperative development of atelectasis. Neostigmine reversal is also associated with increased atelectasis. We assessed the effects of neostigmine, sugammadex, and spontaneous reversal on regional lung ventilation and airway flow. Methods Six Sprague-Dawley rats were paralysed with rocuronium and mechanically ventilated until recovery of the train-of-four ratio to 0.5. We administered neostigmine (0.06 mg.kg-1), sug...

Marcelo R. Britto, and Roberto E. Reis

The recently resurrected callichthyid catfish genus Scleromystax includes species occurring in several Brazilian coastal river basins from southern Bahia to southern Santa Catarina. Several character states, especially those related to sexual dimorphism, demonstrate the monophyly of Scleromystax. Examination of Scleromystax specimens sampled from streams in the Ilha de Santa Catarina and Nova Veneza, and the rio Mampituba basin, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul States, revealed that they con...

Izumi Ando, and Kaoru Karasawa, and Shinichi Yokota, and Takao Shioya, and Hiroshi Matsuda, and Akane Tanaka

Magnesium ions (Mg2+) are essential for various enzymatic reactions in the body associated with energy production and activation of the muscles and nerves. Mg2+ is also involved in blood pressure regulation, maintenance of body temperature, and glucose metabolism. Although various factors including foods and physical conditions have been reported to change serum Mg2+ status in humans, serum Mg2+ in dogs exposed to external stress has been unclear. In this study, we examined serum levels of Mg2+ ...

Naciye Erdoğan Sağlam, and Okan Akyol, and Tevfik Ceyhan

Mahmut Elp, and Fazıl Şen, and Osman Çetinkaya

MA Badhul Haq, and V Prabhuraj, and R Vignesh, and V Sedhuraman, and M Srinivasan, and T Balasubramanian

Objective: To detect the water samples and shrimp samples in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) affecting and non-affecting zone. Methods: A total of 12 samples specific pathogen free Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei); adult shrimp and larvae were randomly collected. Their genomic DNA was isolated and subjected to PCR. Histopathological identifications were carried out, and the hematopoietic tissues with basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies characteristic were observed in moderate WSSV i...

Baranova Margarita, and Maltsev Andrey, and Vasilyeva Darya

The Volga region territory is a region with very high environmental stress because there are various industries, agriculture, and a large number of major cities, high population density. The probability of natural and man-made disasters is increasing in recent years. They cause significant damage to the economy and the environment. Also, they are accompanied by the destruction of human settlements and human victims. A large number of accidents are related to the soil properties. That is why the ...

Rashmi Narayana, and Bruce Hellman, and Caspar Addyman, and Jon Stamford

Cecile eCathalot, and Dick eVan Oevelen, and Tom eCox, and Tom eCox, and Tina eKutti, and Marc eLavaleye, and Gerard eDuineveld, and Filip J. R. Meysman, and Filip J. R. Meysman

Cold-water coral reefs and adjacent sponge grounds are distributed widely in the deep ocean, where only a small fraction of the surface productivity reaches the seafloor as detritus. It remains elusive how these hotspots of biodiversity can thrive in such a food-limited environment, as data on energy flow and organic carbon utilization are critically lacking. Here we report in situ community respiration rates for cold-water coral and sponge ecosystems obtained by the non-invasive aquatic Eddy Co...

Florbela Pereira, and Diogo A. R. S. Latino

Natural products (NPs), or synthetic products inspired by NPs, have been the single most productive source of leads for drug development. In fact, more than half of the approved drugs from 1981 to 2010 were based on NPs.1 At the turn of the 21st century, a new branch of NPs chemistry was fully established – Marine Natural Products (MNPs). The future seems very promising for this new NP subfield, since MNPs chemists have already elucidated the chemical structure of over 22,000 novel compounds.2 M...