Hao YU, and Ling-huo XU, and Pei-kun HU, and Ji-dong LIU, and Biao-lei LOU, and Hong-wei BAO, and Ying YAO, and Bin ZHENG

Objective To explore the influence of long-term navigation on mental health in warship crews, and to provide basis for making corresponding countermeasures. Methods All the personnel on a warship were selected by random cluster sampling when they had a long-term navigation. The Symptom Checklist-90 and Brief Cope questionnaire were carried out to collect data and the relationship between mental health and both coping style and individual factors was analyzed. Results Mental health state changed ...

Tubić Bojan

This paper deals with international rules which are applicable in the cases of maritime delimitation. The importance of sea and its resources incited the states to regulate their boundaries in international agreements. In the situations when it is impossible to reach an agreement on delimitation it is necessary to resolve the dispute. Among other issues, there can be differences regarding the delimitation of territorial sea, continental shelf and exclusive economic zone. The UN Convention on the...

Tiago Schuch Lemos Venzke, and Gabriel Kaster Herter, and Vilmar Luciano Mattei

<p>Floristic composition and structure of the tree component were analyzed in a coastal peat forest of the Toto Beach, located in the southern region of Lagoa dos Patos (31º43’39”S e 52º12’04”W). The phytosociological sampling was conducted on a sample area of 0.1 ha. All trees with DBH ≥ 4.8 cm were included. The species richness found was equivalent to 23 species distributed in 20 genera and 15 families. Two endangered species were sampled. The total tree density estimated for one hectare was ...

Weber-Rajek M, and Radzimińska A, and Strączyńska A, and Podhorecka M, and Kozakiewicz M, and Perkowski R, and Jarzemski P, and Kędziora-Kornatowska K, and Goch A

Magdalena Weber-Rajek,1 Agnieszka Radzimińska,1 Agnieszka Strączyńska,1 Marta Podhorecka,2 Mariusz Kozakiewicz,3 Radosław Perkowski,2 Piotr Jarzemski,4 Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska,2 Aleksander Goch1 1Department of Physiotherapy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland; 2Department of Geriatrics, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland; 3Department of Food Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Ni...

Tomasz Kijewski, and Malgorzata Zbawicka, and Jakob Strand, and Hans Kautsky, and Jonne Kotta, and Merli Rätsep, and Roman Wenne

Summary: The novel machine learning technique Random Forest (RF) was used to test if the genetic differentiation of populations of marine species may be related to any of the key environmental variables known to shape species distributions. The study was performed in North and Baltic Sea characterized by strong gradients of environmental factors and almost continuous distributions of Mytilus mussel populations. Assessment of the species identity was performed using four nuclear DNA markers, and ...

JANE C.F. OLIVEIRA, and JULIANE PEREIRA-RIBEIRO, and GISELE R. WINCK, and CARLOS F.D. ROCHA

Abstract Data on the structure of lizard communities in the different biomes and ecosystems of Brazil are still limited. In this study, we related the species richness, abundance and the spatial occurrence of lizards to the structure of the vegetation found on the coast of the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil, to determine whether habitat influences the structure of lizard communities. We conducted fieldwork in 2012, 2013 and 2014, collecting data in standardized samples. We analyze ...

S. Priyanka, and M. Jayashree, and R. Shivani, and S. Anwesha, and K.V. Bhaskara Rao, and Arnold E. I

Objective: The present study was focused on the characterization and in silico analysis of antibacterial compound derived from marine actinobacteria isolated from the sediments of salterns of Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods: The sediment sample was serially diluted and marine actinobacteria were isolated in actinomycetes isolation agar. A total of 9 colonies were recovered and among them, 5 morphologically distinct isolates were selected for further processing. The antibacterial activity ...

Adrian Galitz, and Steve de C. Cook, and Merrick Ekins, and John N. A. Hooper, and Peter T. Naumann, and Nicole J. de Voogd, and Muhammad Abdul Wahab, and Gert Wörheide, and Dirk Erpenbeck

Correct identification and classification of sponges is challenging due to ambiguous or misleading morphological features. A particular case is a blue keratose sponge occasionally referred to as the “Blue Photo Sponge” among aquarists, which appears frequently (and in several cases unintended) in private aquaria. This spicule-less species, occasionally specified as Collospongia auris Bergquist, Cambie & Kernan 1990, not only displays a high phenotypic plasticity in growth form and colour, it als...

Maryna Kovbatyuk, and Viktoryia Shklyar

Modern condition of development of transport enterprises is in poor condition, caused by the global economic crisis. Enterprises of maritime transport are especially sensitive to negative tendencies. They belong to infrastructure and dramatically depend on economic condition of the country. The factors of macro-, meso- and micro-level influence on enterprise's activity. The enterprise can foresee, influence, correct, control, forecast only internal factors, i.e. factors of micro-level. Thanking...

Tatiana Kimáková, and Lucia Kuzmová, and Zuzana Nevolná, and Vladimír Bencko

Introduction Mercury is ubiquitous in the biosphere, occurring in the air, water, land, and soil, as well as in living organisms. Excessive exposure to mercury is associated with a wide range of adverse health effects including damage to the central nervous system and the kidneys. Mercury exists in many different forms in the environment which produce various patterns of toxicity. Protection of the food chain from contamination by mercury is an important task in the protection of health of the h...

Morais Sofia, and Silva Tomé, and Cordeiro Odete, and Rodrigues Pedro, and Guy Derrick R, and Bron James E, and Taggart John B, and Bell J Gordon, and Tocher Douglas R

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Expansion of aquaculture requires alternative feeds and breeding strategies to reduce dependency on fish oil (FO) and better utilization of dietary vegetable oil (VO). Despite the central role of intestine in maintaining body homeostasis and health, its molecular response to replacement of dietary FO by VO has been little investigated. This study employed transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to study effects of dietary VO in two family groups of Atlantic sal...

Federica Cirulli, and Gianluca Elia, and Gianluca Solazzo

The diffusion of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) is significantly changing the way people learn and update their knowledge and competencies. Although the benefits characterizing MOOCs, which leverage on free and open access to know-how and digitized materials, there are some challenges which call for improving and enhancing the existing methods and approaches for MOOCs design. By combining theory and practice, this paper presents a process of MOOCs design based on a double-loop phase of eval...

Sayara M. Mukhtarova, and Gulzhahan K. Omarova, and Aynura I. Yoldasheva

None

Shkëlqim Sinanaj

Oil spills through operational or accidental discharges are common in the activity of ships, especially in protected areas and in the Albanian coastal area. Due to the activity of fishing vessels and the presence of marine pollution, ecosystem development in the area is among the lowest in the region. The ecosystem along the coast is being threatened by constant erosion due to over fishing and the crude oil tanker traffic. Besides oil spills, ships activity emit other types of hazardous material...

David M. Hudson, and D. Joseph Sexton, and Dinsdale Wint, and Connor Capizzano, and Joseph F. Crivello

The invasive Asian shore crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus, is ubiquitous in the rocky intertidal zone of the western North Atlantic. A likely contributor to this colonization is that H. sanguineus is able to handle a wide range of salinities, and is thus more likely to spread through a greater geographic area of estuaries. This study investigated the salinity effects on this animal by observing survival across a range of salinities, the maintenance of hemolymph osmolality under different salinities,...

D. Zhang, and D. Zhang, and N. Ren, and X. Hou

The combination of complex, multiple minerogenic stages and mineral superposition during geological processes has resulted in dynamic spatial distributions and nonstationarity of geological variables. For example, geochemical elements exhibit clear spatial variability and trends with coverage type changes. Thus, bias is likely to occur under these conditions when general regression models are applied to mineral prospectivity mapping (MPM). In this study, we used a spatially weighted techni...

Amy E. Bauer, and Mary Jordan, and Monica Colon, and Traci Shreyer, and Candace C. Croney

Field assessments of the health and welfare of kenneled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) must be both accurate and rapid. In order to facilitate such evaluations, especially by individuals with limited training in canine behavior and welfare, a non-invasive tool was developed and pilot-tested utilizing dogs housed in commercial breeding facilities. Behavioral responses to approach were organized into three categories: red, indicating a fearful response to approach, green, indicating an affiliative ...

Aristomenis Kossioris, and Nicholas Tentolouris, and Venetsana Kyriazopoulou, and Chariclia V Loupa, and Georgia Markou, and George E Marakomichelakis, and Eftychia Zouridaki, and Minos Tyllianakis

Background: For the prevention and healing of diabetic foot ulcers, appropriate footwear or medical devices are utilized. However, initial and continued adherence of patients with diabetes-related foot problems in using such therapeutic means, is not satisfactory. bjective: To explore initial and continued adherence to wearing appropriate footwear in people with diabetic foot disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, from March to November 2016, at general and special hospitals in...

Ljaljević-Grbić Milica, and Vukojević Jelena, and Subakov-Simić Gordana, and Krizmanić Jelena, and Stupar Miloš

Biofilm on the sandstone substrata of the bridge 'Brankov most' and on the granite substrata of the 'Monument of the Unknown Hero' contains a complex consortia of cyanobacteria, algae, and fungi. Coccoid and filamentous cyanobacteria, green algae and diatoms make up the photosynthetic part of the biofilm while hyphal fragments, chlamydospores, fruiting bodies and spores take part as fungal components. These structures make a dense layer by intertwining and overlapping the stone surface. Five cya...

Kristýna Vodičková

With an increased usage of GNSS navigation devices as one of the primary navigation means during VFR flights, it was necessary to address the issue of proper usage of such devices and to educate pilots about this new trend. Until a recent period, there was no existent comprehensive material that would  enable pilots in training to get access to new evolution in navigation. Therefore, a project named CaBilAvi (Capacity Building for Aviation Stakeholders) was launched under the HORIZON 2020 framew...

Greta Farina, and Alessandro Agazzi, and Jessica Michela Caputo, and Anna Campagnoli, and Mariella Ferroni, and J.Juan Loor, and Giovanni Savoini, and Guido Invernizzi

The objective of the experiment was to understand the interaction between saturated or unsaturated fatty acids and genes involved in lipid metabolism in liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue. With this purpose, further gene expression assays were performed on obtained adipose and liver samples from a previous in vivo study where expression levels of ADIPOQ, LPIN1, LPL, PPARG, SREBF1 and THRSP were already determined. The study consisted on the administration of either a no fat-supplemented, or a...

R. J. Matear, and A. Lenton, and A. Lenton

Carbon–climate feedbacks have the potential to significantly impact the future climate by altering atmospheric CO₂ concentrations (Zaehle et al. 2010). <br><br> By modifying the future atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, the carbon–climate feedbacks will also influence the future ocean acidification trajectory. Here, we use the CO₂ emissions scenarios from four representative concentration pathways (RCPs) with an Earth system model to project the future traje...

V. E. Brando, and F. Braga, and L. Zaggia, and C. Giardino, and M. Bresciani, and E. Matta, and D. Bellafiore, and C. Ferrarin, and F. Maicu, and A. Benetazzo, and D. Bonaldo, and F. M. Falcieri, and A. Coluccelli, and A. Russo, and S. Carniel

Sea surface temperature (SST) and turbidity (T) derived from Landsat 8 (L8) imagery were used to characterize river plumes in the northern Adriatic Sea (NAS) during a significant flood event in November 2014. Circulation patterns and sea surface salinity (SSS) from an operational coupled ocean-wave model supported the interpretation of the plumes' interaction with the receiving waters and among them. <br><br> There was a good agreement of the SSS, T, and SST fields at the sub-mesoscale and mes...

Evelyn Raposo da Silva, and Luciano Gomes Fischer, and Michael Maia Mincarone

The present study evaluated local traditional knowledge and cataloged the main species of marine fish of commercial interest in Macaé. Fishes were identified both scientifically and ethnotaxonomically. We identified 131 species corresponding to both 81 popular monomial names and 66 binomial names. The results showed that the main criterion for fish classification is based on the morphological characteristics, however criteria such as ontogeny and habitat are also used. The study concluded that l...

Fu Xiao, and Yang Fujiang, and Guo Zhihui

Combustion instability of pilot flame has been investigated in a model pilot bluff body stabilized combustor by running the pilot flame only. The primary objectives are to investigate the pilot flame dynamics and to provide bases for the study of the interaction mechanisms between the pilot flame and the main flame. Dynamic pressures are measured by dynamic pressure transducers. A high speed camera with CH∗ bandpass filter is used to capture the pilot flame dynamics. The proper orthogonal decomp...

Andong eGong, and Andong eGong, and Heping eLi, and Heping eLi, and Lu eShen, and Lu eShen, and Jingbo eZhang, and Jingbo eZhang, and Aibo eWu, and Weijie eHe, and Weijie eHe, and Qingsong eYuan, and Qingsong eYuan, and Jingde eHe, and Jingde eHe, and Yucai eLiao, and Yucai eLiao

Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus fungi and associated aflatoxins are ubiquitous in the production and storage of food/feed commodities. Controlling these pests is a challenge. In this study, the Shewanella algae strain YM8 was found to produce volatiles that have strong antifungal activity against Aspergillus pathogens. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry profiling revealed 15 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from YM8, of which dimethyl trisulfide was the most abundant. We obtained authentic ...

Katherine eGarcía, and Sebastián eRamírez-Araya, and Álvaro eDíaz, and Sebastián eReyes-Cerpa, and Romilio T. Espejo, and Gastón eHiguera, and Jaime eRomero

Infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) has caused great losses to the Chilean salmon industry, and the success of prevention and treatment strategies is uncertain. The use of RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising approach because during the replication cycle, the ISAV genome must be transcribed to mRNA in the cytoplasm. We explored the capacity of E. coli transformed with plasmids that produce double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to induce antiviral activity when added to infected ASK cells. We transform...

Julia S. Stewart Lowndes, and Erich J. Pacheco, and Benjamin D. Best, and Courtney Scarborough, and Catherine Longo, and Steven K. Katona, and Benjamin S. Halpern

Marine policy is increasingly calling for maintaining or restoring healthy oceans while human activities continue to intensify. Thus, successful prioritization and management of competing objectives requires a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the ocean. Unfortunately, assessment frameworks to define and quantify current ocean state are often site-specific, limited to a few ocean components, and difficult to reproduce in different geographies or even through time, limiting spatial...

Christopher G. Kemp, and Julia de Kadt, and Erushka Pillay, and Jennifer M. Gilvydis, and Evasen Naidoo, and Jessica Grignon, and Marcia R. Weaver

Abstract Background Prevention interventions for people living with HIV/AIDS are an important component of HIV programs. We report the results of a pilot evaluation of a four-hour, clinic-based training for healthcare providers in South Africa on HIV prevention assessments and messages. This pre/post pilot evaluation examined whether the training was associated with providers delivering more prevention messages. Methods Seventy providers were trained at four public primary care clinics with a hi...

Trina Rytwinski, and Jessica J. Taylor, and Joseph R. Bennett, and Karen E. Smokorowski, and Steven J. Cooke

Abstract Background Ecosystem changes from altered flows can have multiple impacts on fish, including changes to physical habitat, habitat access, food supplies, behaviour, community composition, energy expenditure, and population dynamics. There is growing evidence of the potential negative consequences of altered flow regimes on fluvial ecosystems and the fisheries they support. As such, the scientific and policy communities have acknowledged the need for maintaining or restoring natural flow ...

José Martínez Ricardo

Se reportó un caso de un paciente masculino de 34 años de edad con antecedentes personales de buena salud, que acudió al Cuerpo de Guardia del Hospital de Gibara, Provincia de Holguín, intoxicado por el consumo de pescado fresco, específicamente el conocido como Sierra (Perticnis Pertinata). Durante la Colonia, un hacendado inglés se intoxicó tras la ingestión de algún pescado que no recoge la Historia, así como varios de sus familiares y colonos; uno de los colonos, criollo, lo oyó llamar este ...

Girish Sindhwani, and Rakhee Sodhi, and Manju Saini, and Varuna Jethani, and Sushant Khanduri, and Baltej Singh

Background: Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) refers to a condition in which structural integrity of cartilaginous wall of trachea is lost. Excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC) is characterized by excessive invagination of posterior wall of trachea. In both these conditions, airway lumen gets compromised, especially during expiration, which can lead to symptoms such as breathlessness, cough, and wheezing. Both these conditions can be present in obstructive lung diseases; TBM due to chronic airway ...

J. E. Williams, and J. E. Williams, and F. J. Dentener, and A. R. van den Berg

A 1-D marine stratocumulus cloud model has been supplemented with a comprehensive and up-to-date aqueous phase chemical mechanism for the purpose of assessing the impact that the presence of clouds has on gas phaseHO_x, NO_x and O₃ budgets in the marine boundary layer. The simulations presented here indicate that cloud may act as a heterogeneous source of HONO_g. The conversion of HNO_4(g) at moderate pH (~ 4.5) is responsible for this, and,...

F. Counillon, and P. Sakov, and L. Bertino

Data assimilation methods often use an ensemble to represent the background error covariance. Two approaches are commonly used; a simple one with a static ensemble, or a more advanced one with a dynamic ensemble. The latter is often non-practical due to its high computational requirements. Some recent studies suggested using a hybrid covariance, which is a linear combination of the covariances represented by a static and a dynamic ensemble. Here, the use of the hybrid covariance is first extensi...

Haruka Matsuoka, and Minoru Funaki

Paleomagnetic and rockmagnetic studies were carried out in order to investigate the characteristics of natural remanent magnetization (NRM) of deep-sea sediments cored from offshore Wilkes Land, East Antarctica. The core is 540cm long. Alternating-field (AF) demagnetization experiments using a stepwise AF field from5to100mTwereconductedonallofthesamples. TheNRMintensitiesare10-100 times higher than those commonly obtained from different localities. In the upper 460cm of the core, most samples ha...

E. Bozzo, and M. Gambetta, and A. Magunia, and J. Watermann

The alternating magnetic dynamo field of sea surface waves, a consequence of their Lorentz electric field, has been observed with a pair of simultaneously operated, closely spaced tri-axial magnetometers. Measurements from a magnetometer located in the centre of a tiny, uninhabited island served to compensate measurements from a near-shore magnetometer for magnetic pulsations of ionospheric origin, leaving the ocean wave dynamo field, effective close to shore only, as the dominant residual magne...

Annekatrin Dreyer, and Stefan Nickel, and Winfried Schröder

Abstract Background Since 1990, every 5 years, moss sampling is conducted within the European moss monitoring programme to assess the atmospheric deposition of airborne pollutants. Besides many other countries, Germany takes regularly part at these evaluations. Within the European moss monitoring 2015, more than 400 moss samples across Germany were taken according to a harmonized methodology for the assessment heavy metal and nitrogen input. In a pilot programme, eight of these sites were chosen...

Zakkoyya H Lewis, and Kenneth J Ottenbacher, and Steve R Fisher, and Kristofer Jennings, and Arleen F Brown, and Maria C Swartz, and Eloisa Martinez, and Elizabeth J Lyons

Abstract Background Conducting 5 A’s counseling in clinic and utilizing technology-based resources are recommended to promote physical activity but little is known about how to implement such an intervention. This investigation aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability, using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework, of a pragmatic, primary care-based intervention that incorporated 5 A’s counseling and self-control through an activity monitor....

Jin Xu, and Anne Mills

Abstract Background Gatekeeping involves a generalist doctor who controls patients’ access to specialist care, and has been discussed as an important policy option to rebalance the primary care and hospital sectors in low- and middle-income countries, despite thin evidence. A gatekeeping pilot in a Chinese rural setting launched in 2013 has offered an opportunity to study the functioning of gatekeeping under such conditions. Methods In this qualitative study within a mixed-method evaluation of t...

Sanny Verma, and Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda, and Rajender S. Varma

Abstract Chitosan-derived, porous nitrogen-enriched carbonaceous carbon nitride catalyst (PCNx) has been synthesized from marine waste and its use demonstrated in a metal-free heterogeneous selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) using aerial oxygen under mild reaction conditions.

Priscila Larcher Longo, and Hilana Paula Carilo Artese, and Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana, and Giovane Hisse Gomes, and Giuseppe Alexandre Romito, and Sergio Atala Dib, and Marcia Pinto Alves Mayer

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis are inflammatory conditions with a bidirectional association. This pilot study aimed to evaluate whether T2DM and glycemic control interfere in inflammatory markers profiles in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: Fourteen diabetic periodontitis patients were enrolled in this study, seven with adequate glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] <8.0%) (DMA + P) and seven with inadequate...

IWAN SUYATNA, and ACHMAD ARIFFIEN BRATAWINATA, and ACHMAD SYAFEI SIDIK, and AFIF RUCHAEMI

Suyatna I, Bratawinata AA, Sidik AS, Ruchaemi A (2011) Demersal fishes and their distribution in estuarine waters of Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan. Biodiversitas 12: 204-210. The study aimed (i) to identify of the demersal fishes, (ii) to analyze the diversity and (iii) to determine their distribution. Surveys were carried out between August 2009 and January 2010 in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan. Data were analyzed using several indices of Shannon Weaver, Sympson, Margalef species richness, an...

Phromkunthong, W., and Supamattaya, K., and Kanghae, H., and Bundit, O.

The effects of T-2 toxin and zearalenone were studied in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fabricius). In the experiment, black tiger shrimp were fed with different concentrations of T-2 toxin, i.e. 0, 0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 ppm and zearalenone, i.e. 0, 0.1. 0.5 and 1.0 ppm. Shrimp with initial average weight of 4.7 g were experimented for a-10-wk period. Supplementation of 0, 0.1 and 1.0 ppm T-2 produced no histological changes in hepatopancreatic, hemopoietic tissue or lymphoid cell while at highe...

S. J. Norris, and I. M. Brooks, and B. I. Moat, and M. J. Yelland, and G. de Leeuw, and R. W. Pascal, and B. Brooks

Simultaneous measurements of near-surface aerosol (0.12 < <i>R</i> < 9.25 μm) and bubble spectra (13 < <i>R</i> < 620 μm) were made during five buoy deployments in the open ocean of the North Atlantic and used to estimate aerosol fluxes per unit area of whitecap. The measurements were made during two cruises as part of the Sea Spray, Gas Flux, and Whitecaps (SEASAW) project, a UK contribution to the international Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) program. The mean bubble number concen...

ARI SUSILOWATI, and KUSUMO WINARNO, and WIRYANTO, and INDROWURYATNO, and AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN

The study was intended to observe the diversity and the distribution of mangrove plants species on southern and northern coast of Central Java Province. This research was conducted in July till December 2003, at 20 sites. Laboratory assay was conducted in Laboratory of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, and Central Laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University (UNS) Surakarta. Plant specimens were collected by using survey method, than it ...

N. Aberle, and K. G. Schulz, and A. Stuhr, and A. M. Malzahn, and A. Ludwig, and U. Riebesell

Impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on marine biota have been observed in a wide range of marine systems. We used a mesocosm approach to study the response of a high Arctic coastal microzooplankton community during the post-bloom period in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) to direct and indirect effects of high <i>p</i>CO₂/low pH. We found almost no direct effects of OA on microzooplankton composition and diversity. Both the relative shares of ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates as well ...

Catherine Gérikas Ribeiro, and Maria Berenice Reynaud Steffens, and Rafael Mazer Etto, and Carolina Weigert Galvão, and César de Castro Martins, and Fábio de Oliveira Pedrosa, and Hedda Elisabeth Kolm

The mangrove's sediments from the coastal areas under human activities may contain significant contaminations by hydrocarbons, even when there are no visual evidences of it. The microorganisms are essential to these ecosystems, especially in the control of their chemical environment. Sediment samples were collected in two regions under different environment conditions (pristine and contaminated) of the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (Paranaguá Bay and Laranjeiras Bay), Brazil. Aliphatic hydrocarbon...

M. Lehmann, and D.D. Schleder, and C. Guertler, and L.M. Perazzolo, and L. Vinatea

The present study aimed to evaluate the mortality, reactive oxygen species production (ROS) and total hemocyte counts (THC) of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei infected with the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) at three levels of oxygen saturation. For this, 360 shrimp (20±2g) were distributed in 24 tanks (60L), divided in two groups (infected and non-infected), which were subjected to 30, 60 and 100% of dissolved oxygen saturation (in quadruplicate). During 96 hours after infection, daily...

Ken Cheng

Endang Lukitaningsih, and Ari Sudarmanto

As a pollutant, the presence of Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in the environment must be always monitored, because of their ability to spread widely through the food chain and also their carsinogenic properties. The solubility of PAH in water is very low, therefore it is difficult to analyze their presence in water environment by using water as a sample. By utilizing the phenomenon of the accumulation of PAH in biolipids, the analysis method has be...