Masuda Hitomi, and Hayakawa Hiroki, and Matsumoto Shinya, and Ueshima Fumie, and Kikuchi Momomi, and Saito Atsushi, and Makiishi Takemi

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Oral hygiene education is central to every stage of periodontal treatment. Successful management of periodontal disease depends on the patient's capacity for oral self-care. In the present study, the oral self-care and perceptions of patients attending a dental school clinic in Japan were assessed using a short questionnaire referring to existing oral health models.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A cross-sectional study design was used. The study population consisted ...

Jan Gruszecki, and Fatina Liliana Basmadji

In this paper, a new application for the theory of rough sets is proposed. The theory of rough sets has been introduced into one of the most complicated fields, military aviation. The problem is to generate a pilot's decision‐support algorithm for the task of dropping a bomb on a target located behind an obstacle detected during flight. The aim of this algorithm is to simultaneously facilitate the performance of this task for the pilot; it will minimize pilot error caused by imperfect accuracy ...

Tellervo Härkki, and Pirita Seitamaa-Hakkarainen, and Kai Hakkarainen

This article is based on a study of novice designers’ knowledge of materials in a challenging collaborative assignment. We approached material knowledge from two complementary viewpoints: the dimensions of knowledge shared during designing, and how student teams built new knowledge during making. We found that both modalities studied—namely, words and gestures—contributed to advancement in designing. The modalities became specialised: While words served mainly to identify materials and to descr...

Leopoldo M. A. GODIO, and Julián M. ROSENTHAL

The following article explores the historical and legislative evolution regarding the navigation of foreign warships in the territorial sea, including the different lines of thought considered in the Conference of the United Nations on the Law of the Sea, so as to approach the current regime. In this context,we examine the legal situation of the previous authorization or notification regarding the innocent passage of warships, taking into consideration the legislative spirit of the United Nation...

Rajib Biswal, and Derek Johnson, and Fikret Berkes

Social scientists have long recognized that fishing is perceived by many coastal communities as a way of life that does much more than just provide material benefits. A corollary to this is that fishers are often reluctant to quit fishing. Marine fisheries are complex and dynamic, and are often subject to classic commons dilemmas. These dilemmas have become much more acute in recent decades as pressures on the world’s small-scale fisheries have mounted. We argue that a holistic social wellbeing ...

Erika Bockstael, and Fikret Berkes

Conservation and development are often framed as a dichotomy, requiring trade-offs. But trade-offs can be due to the particular political situation and to relationships of domination, and are not necessarily the inevitable result of intractable situations. Amartya Sen’s capability approach, which centers on human development, has enjoyed increasing applications in the environment area, but little in the commons literature. This article applies the capability approach framework to analyze human d...

Lola Brasseur, and Guillaume Caulier, and Gilles Lepoint, and Pascal Gerbaux, and Igor Eeckhaut

Abstract Tuleariocaris holthuisi and Arete indicus are two ectocommensal shrimps closely associated with the tropical sea urchin Echinometra mathaei. This study provides a comparison of these two E. mathaei symbiotic crustaceans and particularly focuses on the relationship between T. holthuisi and its host’s pigments (i.e. spinochromes), and its dependency on its host. While all the analyses underline a close association between A. indicus and E. mathaei, they reveal a particularly close interac...

Gloria L. Gallardo Fernández, and Eva Friman

To halt degradation of benthic resources in Chile, management areas (MAs) were set up under the Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries (TURFs) framework in the late 1990s. Integrated into the global market, MAs have since expanded along the Chilean coast, involving thousands of small-scale artisanal fishers. This paper analyses how economic criteria relates to social and ecological performance of Chilean MAs, by applying TURFs, commons and co-management theory to two cases: MAs Peñuelas and Chigual...

Jia Tianlong, and Zhou Jianzhong, and Liu Xiaoshen

Under the influence of hydraulic uncertainty, the various operational safety risks exist in the shortterm hydropower generation scheduling and navigation inevitably. Therefore, it is very crucial to establish a daily power generation optimized method of hydropower stations with the navigation demands considered. The daily power generation optimized operation method was established for generation scheduling and navigation problems of Xiangjiaba hydropower station during the dry seasons. Taking th...

Ekaterina G. Ivolga, and Yury F. Manilov, and Nikolai P. Romanovskii, and Venera G. Gurovich

The area of junction of the Ul'in volcano-tectonic structure of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt and tectonic structures of Okhotsk Sea has both fundamental interest - for understanding tectonics and geodynamics on the outskirts of the continent, and practical - for assessing the metallogenic potential of the territory, primarily for gold. The main subject of the present studies was the deep unhomogeneities and disjunctive tectonics, clarification of the block structure of the lithosphere. The...

K. Hartung, and K. Hartung, and K. Hartung, and G. Svensson, and G. Svensson, and G. Svensson, and H. Struthers, and H. Struthers, and A.-L. Deppenmeier, and A.-L. Deppenmeier, and W. Hazeleger, and W. Hazeleger

<p>Single-column models (SCMs) have been used as tools to help develop numerical weather prediction and global climate models for several decades. SCMs decouple small-scale processes from large-scale forcing, which allows the testing of physical parameterisations in a controlled environment with reduced computational cost. Typically, either the ocean, sea ice or atmosphere is fully modelled and assumptions have to be made regarding the boundary conditions from other subsystems, adding a po...

García Elena, and Carrera Patricia, and Herrero Pablo, and Gómez-Trullén Eva M, and Oliván-Blázquez Bárbara

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Even though technological progress has provided us with more and more sophisticated equipment for making goniometric measurements, the most commonly used clinical tools are still the universal goniometer and, to a lesser extent, the inclinometer. There is, however, no published study so far that uses an inclinometer for measurements in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The objective of this study was two-fold: to independently assess the intra and inter-exam...

Dijkema Tim, and Terhaard Chris H J, and Roesink Judith M, and Raaijmakers Cornelis P J, and van den Keijbus Petra A M, and Brand Henk S, and Veerman Enno C I

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The salivary mucin MUC5B, present in (sero)mucous secretions including submandibular gland (SMG) saliva, plays an important role in the lubrication of the oral mucosa and is thought to be related to the feeling of dry mouth. We investigated if MUC5B levels in SMG saliva could distinguish between the presence or absence of severe dry mouth complaints 12 months after radiotherapy (RT) for head-and-neck cancer (HNC).</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>Twenty-nine HNC patien...

Gani Osman ABSM

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARδ) are physiological sensors for glucose and lipid homeostasis. They are also the targets of synthetic drugs; such as fibrates as PPARα agonists which lower lipid level, and glitazones as PPARγ agonists which lower glucose level. As diabetes and metabolic diseases are often associated with high blood glucose and lipid levels, drugs that activate both PPARα/γ would be a logical approach. But sy...

Feng Xin, and Winters Jack M

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is a need to develop cost-effective, sensitive stroke assessment instruments. One approach is examining kinematic measures derived from goal-directed tasks, which can potentially be sensitive to the subtle changes in the stroke rehabilitation process. This paper presents the findings from a pilot study that uses a computer-assisted neurorehabilitation platform, interfaced with a conventional force-reflecting joystick, to examine the assessment capabilit...

Woch Marta, and Żurek Józef, and Tomaszewska Justyna

In most NATO countries, helicopter pilots are prepared in accordance with a modern system of threestage training: selection, basic and advanced. The training in the air is performed according to the parallelism of the training. The scheduling of pilot training process based on parallel model, which includes the technological relationships between the individual exercises, whereby for each air exercise, the exercises are specified, which must be done beforehand. The purpose of this contribution i...

OANA-MIRELA DOBROT, and COSTEL IULIAN MOCANU

The offshore platform have usually leg for sustaining on sea deep. The calculus of the legs is very complicated because of the variation of the loads in time. In this paper is present the numerical results for charging of a leg with forces caused by waves and marine currents. The software for calculation of force induced by water use Airy theory (for regular waves). The structure has been analyzed numerically using the program Solid Works-COSMOS/M (stress and displacements), and FORHID (loads).

Taskinen J, and Pasternak A F, and Mikheev V N, and Valtonen E T

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Success of trophically transmitted parasites depends to a great extent on their ability to manipulate their intermediate hosts in a way that makes them easier prey for target hosts. Parasite-induced behavioural changes are the most spectacular and diverse examples of manipulation. Most of the studies have been focused on individual behaviour of hosts including fish. We suggest that agonistic interactions and territoriality in fish hosts may affect their vulne...

van Oppen Madeleine JH, and Hay Kyra B, and Riginos Cynthia, and Bongaerts Pim, and Hoegh-Guldberg Ove, and Dove Sophie

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Divergent natural selection across environmental gradients has been acknowledged as a major driver of population and species divergence, however its role in the diversification of scleractinian corals remains poorly understood. Recently, it was demonstrated that the brooding coral <it>Seriatopora hystrix </it>and its algal endosymbionts (<it>Symbiodinium</it>) are genetically partitioned across reef environments (0-30 m) on the far northern Great Barrier Reef...

Sweeney Mary-Rose, and Allcutt Claire

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>For the purposes of this paper "weaning is defined as the introduction of the first solid foods to infants". Global recommendations by the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommend that all infants be exclusively breast-fed for the first six months of life. No global recommendations have been made for formula fed infants. In Europe it is recommended that weaning foods should be introduced between 18 weeks and 26 weeks regardless of whether infants are breast ...

Ahmad Farah, and Shakya Yogendra, and Li Jasmine, and Khoaja Khaled, and Norman Cameron D, and Lou Wendy, and Abuelaish Izzeldin, and Ahmadzi Hayat M

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Refugees experience multiple health and social needs. This requires an integrated approach to care in the countries of resettlement, including Canada. Perhaps, interactive eHealth tools could build bridges between medical and social care in a timely manner. The authors developed and piloted a multi-risk Computer-assisted Psychosocial Risk Assessment (CaPRA) tool for Afghan refugees visiting a community health center. The iPad based CaPRA survey was completed ...

Takao Hoshiai

The coloration of sea ice by the ice algae occurred in austral autumn and spring at Syowa Station, Antarctica and in winter at Toetoko in Lake Saroma, Japan. The ice algal proliferation at both localities seemed to proceed through a similar process and under common environmental conditions. The solar radiation and the stability of the undersurface of sea ice as principal factors were compared between the two localities, particularly during the proliferation period of ice algae. Ordinarily it see...

Keith Harcourt, and Roy Edwards

This paper seeks to examine and contextualise the role of Blanche Thornycroft within her family business of John I. Thornycroft in the first half of the twentieth century. The role of Blanche in assisting her father and, after his death, the Thornycroft Company in collecting experimental data informed the design of many vessels. Her role in testing Coastal Motor Boats is explored using the archival material discovered during the ARHC funded project ‘Business, government and the workplace: John I...

Vaswani Meera, and Prasad Pushplata, and Kapur Suman

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Functional polymorphism in the genes encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) 1B and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 are considered most important among several genetic determinants of alcohol dependence, a complex disorder. There is no report on the widely studied Arg47His and Glu487Lys polymorphisms from Indian alcoholdependent populations. In this paper, we report, for the first time, allelic and genotypic frequencies of Arg47His and Glu487Lys single nucleotide polymorphisms (S...

Lelarge Caroline, and Louveaux Alain, and Maros Alexandra, and Girondot Marc

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>About 4 × 10⁵eggs in more than 5000 marine turtle nests are deposited every year on a 3.6 km long beach in French Guiana (South America). The dry biomass of eggs is estimated to be 5 × 10³kg, yet only 25% of this organic matter will return to the ocean in the form of hatchlings. Such amounts of organic matter are supposed to drive the functioning of the beach ecosystem. Previous studies have shown that egg predators and detritivorous o...

Salzburger Walter, and Barluenga Marta, and Muschick Moritz, and Meyer Axel

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Phenotypic evolution and its role in the diversification of organisms is a central topic in evolutionary biology. A neglected factor during the modern evolutionary synthesis, adaptive phenotypic plasticity, more recently attracted the attention of many evolutionary biologists and is now recognized as an important ingredient in both population persistence and diversification. The traits and directions in which an ancestral source population displays phenotypic...

McCarthy John J, and Rupp Dawn E, and Robertson Anthony J, and Dickey-Sims Carrie, and Coffman James A

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Runx transcription factors play critical roles in the developmental control of cell fate and contribute variously as oncoproteins and tumor suppressors to leukemia and other cancers. To discover fundamental Runx functions in the cell biology of animal development, we have employed morpholino antisense-mediated knockdown of the sea urchin Runx protein SpRunt-1. Previously we showed that embryos depleted of SpRunt-1 arrest development at early gastrula stage an...

Minnett Peter, and McGillicuddy Dennis J, and Lerczak James, and Laws Ed, and Holland Fred, and Hitchcock Gary, and Dusek Eva, and Bienfang Paul, and Dyble Julianne, and Moore Stephanie K, and O'Kelly Charles, and Solo-Gabriele Helena, and Wang John D

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Coupled physical-biological models are capable of linking the complex interactions between environmental factors and physical hydrodynamics to simulate the growth, toxicity and transport of infectious pathogens and harmful algal blooms (HABs). Such simulations can be used to assess and predict the impact of pathogens and HABs on human health. Given the widespread and increasing reliance of coastal communities on aquatic systems for drinking water, seafood and recreation, such ...

Nicolini Paola, and Lucini Anna, and Bilotta Claudio, and Vergani Carlo

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Complex interventions to improve compliance to pharmacological treatment in older people have given mixed results and are not easily applicable in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to test the short-term efficacy on self-reported medication adherence of an easy intervention in which the patient or caregiver was asked to transcribe the pharmacological treatment while it was dictated to him/her by the doctor.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Pilot non-randomise...

Se hace un llamado de alerta ante la posible introducción de la tilapia roja (Oreochromis sp.) a Chile, con fines de cultivo. Se analizan los llamados cultivos monosexuales (solo machos), señalados como la solución para impedir la reproducción no deseada, que evitaría riesgos para la biodiversidad y se demuestra la falsedad de este argumento. Énfasis especial se da a los cultivos de tilapia en áreas marinas. Los peligros para la biodiversidad, son resaltados<br>A call of attention is made over t...

Mazanov Jason, and Petróczi Andrea, and Naughton Declan P

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Despite the growing body of literature and putative links between the use of ergogenic nutritional supplements, doping and illicit drugs, it remains unclear whether, in athletes' minds, doping aligns with illicit behaviour or with functional use of chemical or natural preparations. To date, no attempt has been made to quantitatively explore athletes' mental representation of doping in relation to illegality and functionality.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A convenien...

FÉLIX L. FIGUEROA, and BENJAMÍN VIÑEGLA

The effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation during daily cycles on photosynthesis and two key enzymes involved in carbon incorporation, the carbonic anhydrase, and in inorganic nitrogen reduction, the nitrate reductase, of macroalgae from southern Spain are presented. During daily cycles, photoinhibition in several intertidal macroalgae, expressed as decrease in the effective quantum yield from the morning to noon time, was linearly dependent on the daily integrated irradiance. However, reco...

Anthes Nils, and Schmitt Valerie, and Michiels Nico K

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In simultaneous hermaphrodites with copulation and internal fertilization it is often unclear whether reciprocal sperm exchange results from the unconditional willingness of both partners to donate and receive sperm, or whether it follows from a more controlled process such as conditional reciprocal sperm exchange, i.e. sperm trading. While in some sea slugs mating is assumed to be based on sperm trading, it seems to be unconditional in others. Here, we descr...

Last Bob F, and Bos Albert P, and Knoester Hendrika, and Kayser Anne-Marie, and Bronner Madelon B, and Grootenhuis Martha A

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>To study the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and depression in parents three months after pediatric intensive care treatment of their child and examine if peritraumatic dissocation and coping styles are related to these mental health problems.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This is a prospective cohort study and included parents of children unexpectedly admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) from January 2006 to March 2007. At three ...

Meuwissen Theo HE, and Sonesson Anna K, and Goddard Michael E

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Traditional family-based aquaculture breeding programs, in which families are kept separately until individual tagging and most traits are measured on the sibs of the candidates, are costly and require a high level of reproductive control. The most widely used alternative is a selection scheme, where families are reared communally and the candidates are selected based on their own individual measurements of the traits under selection. However, in the latter s...

P. Kishcha, and R. T. Pinker, and I. Gertman, and B. Starobinets, and P. Alpert

<p>Increasing warming of steadily shrinking Dead Sea surface water compensates for surface water cooling (due to increasing evaporation) and even causes observed positive Dead Sea sea surface temperature trends. This warming is caused by two factors: increasing daytime heat flow from land to sea (as a result of the steady shrinking) and regional atmospheric warming. Using observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), positive trends were detected in both dayt...

Ngiap Chuan Tan, and Zulidiah bte Mohd Mohtar, and Eileen Yi Ling Koh, and Usha Sankari, and David Hong Chuan Tay, and Shaun Yu, and William Boon Wee Tan

Background: A recent systematic review alludes to the effectiveness of social media in facilitating smoking cessation. However, most interventions center on mobile applications in engaging smokers. A novel portable exhaled-carbon-monoxide self-monitoring device, the Smoke-analyzer to Track and Expedite Actions and Decisions to Eliminate Smoking (STEADES) linked to a specially-designed mobile phone application has been developed, which relays exhaled carbon monoxide-related data from the smokers ...

Triana Hertiani, Ru Angelie Edrada, Rob W.M. Van Soest, Sudarsono ., Werner E.G. Muller, Peter Proksch, and Ru Angelie Edrada, and Rob W.M. Van Soest, and Sudarsono , and Werner E.G. Muller, and Peter Proksch

Chemical investigation on marine sponge Mycale phyllophila collected from Bali, Indonesia has been performed. This study was aimed to isolate and to identify structures of the sponge secondary metabolites as well as to test their cytotoxic activity on mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y. The sponge extract was fractionated by liquid-liquid partition followed with a vacuum liquid chromatography method. Structure elucidation was performed on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis involving o...

Kristína Záhonová, and Zoltán Füssy, and Erik Birčák, and Anna M. G. Novák Vanclová, and Vladimír Klimeš, and Matej Vesteg, and Juraj Krajčovič, and Miroslav Oborník, and Marek Eliáš

Abstract Euglenophytes are a familiar algal group with green alga-derived secondary plastids, but the knowledge of euglenophyte plastid function and evolution is still highly incomplete. With this in mind we sequenced and analysed the transcriptome of the non-photosynthetic species Euglena longa. The transcriptomic data confirmed the absence of genes for the photosynthetic machinery, but provided candidate plastid-localised proteins bearing N-terminal bipartite topogenic signals (BTSs) of the ch...

Codeço Cláudia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In the last decades, attention to cholera epidemiology increased, as cholera epidemics became a worldwide health problem. Detailed investigation of <it>V. cholerae</it> interactions with its host and with other organisms in the environment suggests that cholera dynamics is much more complex than previously thought. Here, I formulate a mathematical model of cholera epidemiology that incorporates an environmental reservoir of <it>V. cholerae</it>. The objective...

Mukti Chanda, and Monjit Paul, and Joydev Maity, and Gadadhar Dash, and Supriya Sen Gupta, and Bidhan Chandra Patra

The lucrative business of ornamental fish culture in West Bengal (Mainly in three districts-Howrah, North and South 24 Parganas) are facing loses due to the invasion of different ecto- and endo-parasites. The present study shows that the ornamental fish (Goldfish - Carassius auratus) are mainly affected with ecto-parasites like Ichthyophthirius sp., Dactylogyrus sp., Gyrodactylus sp., Argulus sp. and endo-parasites like Procamallanus sp. and Cucullanus sp. The intensity of infection is high in c...

Erika da Silva Maciel, and Luciana Kimie Savay-da-Silva, and Júlia Santos Vasconcelos, and Juliana Antunes Galvão, and Jaqueline Girnos Sonati, and Dirceu da Silva, and Marília Oetterer

The objective of this research was to use the technique of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for the adequacy of a tool for the assessment of fish consumption and the characteristics involved in this process. Data were collected during a campaign to encourage fish consumption in Brazil with the voluntarily participation of members of a university community. An assessment instrument consisting of multiple-choice questions and a five-point Likert scale was designed and used to measure the importan...

Carlos del Mónaco, and Nicida Noriega, and Samuel Narciso

Los arrecifes del Parque Nacional Morrocoy (PNM) se encuentran actualmente impactados. Posterior a la mortandad masiva ocurrida en 1996, ha habido indicios de recuperación de Acropora palmata. Este proceso podría ser retrasado por Coralliophila. Se observaron solamente tres colonias de A. palmata en todo un arrecife de Cayo Sombrero. En julio 2005 estas presentaron densidades de Coralliophila abbreviata de 4, 0 y 2 ind/col y de Coralliophila caribaea de 22, 14 y 0 ind/col y, en enero 2006 las de...

H.A.K.N.S.Surangi

Over the past few years much has been written about the rapid spread of various types of firm networking, the area of female entrepreneurs’ networks and small business entrepreneurship is still a challenging research field. This study aims to explore the role of female entrepreneurs’ networks and examine the importance influences for female entrepreneurs’ networking behaviour. Pilot studies are mostly under-reported in the qualitative research literature and this article specifically focuses on ...

Bilandžić Nina, and Sedak Marija, and Đokić Maja, and Đuras Martina, and Gomerčić Tomislav, and Benić Miroslav, and Šimić Branimir

Mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) concentrations were measured in muscle, liver, kidney, spleen and lung tissues of five cetacean species, three dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba, Tursiops truncatus and Grampus griseus) and two whale species (Balaenoptera physalus and Ziphius cavirostris), stranded along the Croatian coast during the period 1999-2002. Statistically significant differences in Hg concentrations in muscle, spleen and lung, and Se in liver and lung of the different dolph...

Odirlene Marinho Ribeiro, and Jansen Zuanon

Em estudos sobre distribuição espacial, alimentação e estrutura de comunidades de espécies de peixes de pequeno porte em igarapés, são aplicados alguns métodos de coleta específicos para esses ambientes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal comparar dois métodos de coleta, um ativo (puçá e peneira) e outro passivo (armadilhas). A coleta com puçá foi mais eficiente, tanto em número de espécies registradas, quanto em número de indivíduos capturados. Houve uma taxa de escape aparentemente ele...

C. S. Meinen, and A. R. Piola, and R. C. Perez, and S. L. Garzoli

The first direct estimates of the temporal variability of the absolute transport in the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) at 34.5&amp;deg; S in the South Atlantic Ocean are obtained using just under one year of data from a line of four pressure-equipped inverted echo sounders. Hydrographic sections collected in 2009 and 2010 confirm, based on neutral density, temperature, salinity, and oxygen values, the presence of the DWBC, one of the main deep pathways of the Meridional Overturning Circula...

Bhaskara Canan, and Helio de Castro Bezerra Gurgel

Foi examinado o conteúdo estomacal de seis espécies de peixes da lagoa do Jiqui (5º55’00’’S e 35º11’28”W ), Parnamirim, Rio Grande do Norte, coletados mensalmente durante o período de março de 1994 a fevereiro de 1995. A importância relativa dos componentes da dieta foi medida pela freqüência de ocorrência, método dos pontos e pelo uso do índice alimentar proposto por Kawakami e Vazzoler (1980). Verificou-se que as espécies se alimentam principalmente de peixes, insetos, crustáceos, moluscos e m...

Shabnam Shukla

Project Report: Shipping and ship building in India - Medieval Period

Nowak Michał, and Klaczak Artur, and Szczerbik Paweł, and Popek Włodzimierz

Sampling small-bodied fish species in large lowland rivers poses numerous difficulties often resulting in the underestimation of their true distribution and abundance. Some of these drawbacks might be overcome by using additional sampling gears and adapting sampling strategies to the biological specifications of the target species. The results of a two-year, repeated survey on a single location on the Vistula River (southern Poland) revealed that nighttime beach seining proved to be very effecti...