Gurney, Leigh Josephine

This study brings together the wealth of data available for the Prince Edward Islands marine ecosystem and consolidates it into a network, mass-balanced model (using Ecopath). Biomass estimates for the land based top predators show penguins dominate the system for all three time periods assessed (1960s, 1980s and 2000s). The islands appear to have a carrying capacity which may be declining. A consumption model shows a change in prey for the land based top predators from one in which both crustac...

Varela, Diana Esther

The goals o f this thesis were to investigate the uptake rates of inorganic and organic forms of nitrogen, the relative proportions of new and regenerated primary production, and the interactions between uptake of ammonium and nitrate by phytoplankton from the NE subarctic Pacific Ocean. Nitrogen uptake rates, and physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the euphotic zone were studied during winter, spring and late summer for two years along a transect extending from 49°N, 127°W to...

Wu, Qiuying

During the 1976 climate regime shift, the Aleutian low deepened. Many studies have shown that the oceanic shift was mainly driven by the atmospheric dynamics. In this thesis numerical studies to investigate the oceanic interdecadal variation as the result of the 1976 climate shift have been carried out with the GFDL OGCM. Two interdecadal experiments are performed. One is forced by monthly wind stress climatology for 1976- 1988 and relaxed to monthly SST climatology from the same time perio...

Lu, Jingxi

A general procedure of adjoint data assimilation for atmosphere-ocean coupled systems was developed. A simple equatorial coupled atmosphere-ocean model, with the atmosphere and the ocean each represented by a single-layer linear shallow water model, was then used to explore the effects of data type (wind or sea level height (SLH)), data sparsity, noise, and initial guess on the retrieval of model parameters and initial conditions. Six parameters (two Rayleigh damping coefficients, two Newto...

Hunter, Richard Joseph

This thesis focused on developing and understanding of the challenges of mining subsea polymetallic sulphide (PMS) deposits. The research presented starts from the concept of deposit identification through to prototype testing of an ocean mining excavator. The work presented builds on existing work in the field as well as relying heavily on the Solwara Ocean mining expedition case study carried out in conjunction with Barrick Gold and Nautilus Minerals. The research demonstrates the mechan...

Röpke, Peter Norman

This dissertation examines the multifaceted and pervasive impact of globalisation on the Canadian public policy environment through a detailed analysis of the monopoly marketing of prairie wheat. The study argues that forces associated with globalisation, working through regionally differentiated configurations of farmer opinion and interest groups amidst varying partisan settings, are key to understanding the changing nature of policy-making processes, structures, and outcomes in the wheat...

Pistoia, Jenny <1983>

This research activity studied how the uncertainties are concerned and interrelated through the multi-model approach, since it seems to be the bigger challenge of ocean and weather forecasting. Moreover, we tried to reduce model error throughout the superensemble approach. In order to provide this aim, we created different dataset and by means of proper algorithms we obtained the superensamble estimate. We studied the sensitivity of this algorithm in function of its characteristics parameters. C...

Zhang, Sheng, 1956-

In this thesis, we formulate a new 3-dimensional planetary geostrophic (PG) ocean general circulation model in spherical coordinates for use in ocean-climate studies. The model equations consist of full prognostic temperature and salinity equations and diagnostic momentum equations. The model is verified by comparison with results obtained by the well known Bryan-Cox model at coarse resolution. Extensive process studies are carried out to determine the roles played by various processes in determ...

Harding, Gareth C. H.

During the Norwegian North Polar Expedition of 1893-96, the historie voyage of the Fram ( Sars, G.O. 1900), the first zooplankton collections were taken from the Arctic Basin. In 1931 the Nautilus made collections north of Spitzbergen, being the first submarine to attempt polar research (Farran, 1936). [...]

Peng, Shiling

No description available.

Hourston, Roy A. S.

Interannual variability in North Pacific Ocean (20°N — 56°N) winter-time surface sen sible and latent heat fluxes and their relation to Northern Hemisphere sea-level pressure and 500 mb height fields is explored. Observational data based on the Comprehen sive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) and National Meteorological Center (NMC) gridded data set over the 1950—89 period are analysed and compared with 10 years of simulated data from the Canadian Climate Centre (CCC) second generation gene...

Clayton, Chris R.I., Kingston, Emily, Priest, Jeffery, Schultheiss, Peter, NGHP Expedition 01 Scientific Party

The recent development and deployment of HYACINTH and IODP PCS pressure cores on the JOIDES Resolution during Expedition 1 of the Indian National Gas Hydrate Program (NGHP-1) has provided some of the first “undisturbed” samples of gas hydrate in fine grained marine sediments. Some samples, once recovered from the seafloor, were subject to rapid depressurization and subsequent immersion in liquid nitrogen, at approximately -196oC, for use in subsequent laboratory test programs. This paper des...

Matear, Richard J.

Tracer transports across 35°N were computed using the hydrographic data from a synoptic section (INDOPAC) and from the Levitus annual mean section. The tracer transports calculated from the INDOPAC section were better able to close the tracer budgets in the North Pacific than the Levitus section. The transport calculations showed that highly resolved hydrographic data are necessary to accurately determine the tracer transports, and pointed out the sensitivity of the calculation to errors in the ...

Zeng, Jiye

This model explores the integration of a physical mixing model with an ecological model for the studies of the CO2 problem in the ocean. The model is specifically for the regional CO2 cycling at Ocean Station P (OSP, 50° N, 145°W) and is composed of a physical submodel for physical processes and a biological submodel for biological processes. By dividing the water column into a number of layers, I have defined physical processes as those affecting material flux between boxes and biological proce...

Bailey, David A.

A barotropic quasi-geostrophic ocean model with open boundaries was used to model a system of mid-ocean eddies. A simplified adjoint assimilation scheme was tested to see if sparse velocity data could be assimilated into the model at regular intervals. In between the times for data assimilation, the model was integrated forward in time with an Orlanski radiating boundary condition. This assimilation scheme was tested with several model runs, illustrating the changes arising from using different ...

Muggli, Deborah Lynn

The physiology of 2 oceanic phytoplankton species freshly isolated from the subarctic Pacific (Station P, 145°W, 50°N) was examined, focusing on the effects of iron (Fe) on various physiological parameters. The two species, a coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and a large diatom Actinocyclus sp., represent different taxonomic groups and size classes of indigenous phytoplankton found at Stn P. The effect that nitrogen source (NO3" vs. NH.4+) had on the physiology and metal nutrition of both E...

Coastal communities along the east African coastline rely on coral reefs and their associated resources for food security and income. However, increases in the frequency and severity of episodes of coral bleaching have resulted in mass coral moralities in many locations around the world including the western Indian Ocean (WIO). Reef corals obligately host dinoflagellate algal symbionts of the genus Symbiodinium. Coral bleaching is caused by the loss of these symbionts from the host, resulting fr...

de Lavaissiere de Lavergne, Casimir

In 1974, newly available satellite observations unveiled the presence of a giant ice-free area within the Antarctic ice pack, which persisted throughout the winter, and formed again in the next two winters. Subsequent research showed that deep convective overturning kept the waters ice-free, through the massive release of heat rising from the deep sea. While the polynya has aroused continued interest among climate scientists, it has not reappeared since 1976. Here we use model experiments to sho...

Rahm, Magnus

This thesis deals with a system for operation of directly driven offshore wave energy converters. The work that has been carried out includes laboratory testing of a permanent magnet linear generator, wave energy converter mechanical design and offshore testing, and finally design, implementation, and offshore testing of an underwater collector substation. Long-term testing of a single point absorber, which was installed in March 2006, has been performed in real ocean waves in linear and in non-...

Valencia Domènech, Enric

The knowledge of sea surface salinity (SSS) is a key issue to understand and monitor the Earth¿s water cycle. Accurate and systematic measurement of SSS was not possible until the ESA¿s Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission was launched in 2009. The SMOS mission uses L-band microwave radiometry to infer SSS from measurements of the ocean¿s emis- sivity. However, the ocean surface emissivity is not only dependent on SSS, but also on sea surface temperature (SST), incidence angle, polari...

Tello Alonso, Maria Victoria

In the recent years, a wide interest has been focused on research and development for the operational use of satellite remote sensing tools for Earth observation. Among different types of sensors, Synthetic Aperture Radars (SAR) offer distinctive characteristics, essential for several applications. The observation capability of SAR sensors is independent of the day – night cycle, of the presence of clouds and of the weather conditions in general. Nevertheless, due to the processing involved in t...

Corbella i Felip, Cecília

La família zoarcidae, és una de les més diverses del subordre Zoarcoidei (Perciformes), comprèn 4 subfamílies (Lycozoarcinae, Zoarcinae, Gymnelinae i Lycodinae) i inclou més de 240 espècies en 54 gèneres. Aquesta família té una distribució molt àmplia ja que es troba a quasi tots els mars i oceans del món, la majoria de les espècies habiten a les zones litorals, a la plataforma continental i a la meitat superior del talús continental però algunes habiten a la zona abissal. Les espècies de la fam...

Lai, Sherman

In group decision support systems, understanding the roles, dynamics and relationships between participants is imperative to streamlining the decision-making process. This is especially true when decision makers have varying interests. Research has shown that decision-making processes amongst groups with varying interests will often reach bottlenecks with issues, such as unwillingness to share information, or a limited ability of the participants to share ideas at the same time. We explored ...

Faulkner, Jay Allen

In this thesis, we present a method for computing an artistic representation of ocean waves using Bezier curves. Wave forms are loosely based on procedural wave models and are designed to emulate those found in both art and nature. The wave forms are generated using a slice method which is user defined by structured input, thus providing the artist with full control over crest shape and placement. Wave propagation is obtained by interpolating between defined crest shapes and positions. We also p...

Catarina da Conceição Pereira Santos

No description available.

Muralidharan, Shylesh

Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2012. / Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-109). / Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a promising renewable energy technology to generate electricity and has other applications such as production of freshwater, seawater air-conditioning, marine culture and chilled-soil agriculture. Previous ...

Lee, Jong-Mi, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2013. / Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. / Includes bibliographical references. / Pb and Pb isotopes in the ocean have varied on decadal to centennial time scales due to anthropogenic Pb inputs. Thus, tracing the temporal variation of Pb and Pb isotopes in the ocean pro...

Souza, Luiz Alberto Lopes de

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2005. / This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections. / Bibliography: leaves 292-301. / This thesis investigates the application of acoustic measurements in the deep and shallow ocean to infer the sound velocity ...

Wannamaker, Eric J. (Eric Joseph), 1975-

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-97). / This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections. / This work investigates the environmental impacts of releasing solid CO₂ hydrate particles into the deep ocean for the purpose of CO₂ sequestration. Release of CO₂ in this form may be desirable ...

Ueckermann, Mattheus Percy

Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014. / Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. / Includes bibliographical references (pages 343-357). / Accurate modeling of physical and biogeochemical dynamics in coastal ocean regions is required for multiple scientific and societal applications, covering a wide range of time and space scales. However, in light of the strong nonlinearities observed in coastal regions and in biological processes, such m...

Henry, Legena Albertha

Thesis (S.M.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), February 2010. / Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 327-334). / In the present work, we study the statistics of wavefields obtained from non-linear phase-resolved simulations. The numerical model used to generate the waves models wave-wave interactions...

Meredith, James D. C. (James Douglas Charles)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012. / Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-96). / The concept for a new form of pumped storage hydro is being developed within the Precision Engineering Research Group at MIT: the Ocean Renewable Energy Storage (ORES) project. Large, hollow concrete spheres are created, fitted with a reversible pump-turbine and deployed to the sea floor. Water is then allowed to ...

Loveday, Benjamin

Includes bibliographical references. / Two Regional Ocean Modelling System configurations, AGIO and ARC112, are developed to investigate (1) the structure of the Agulhas leakage, (2) the dynamical link between the leakage and the Agulhas Current, and (3) the sensitivity of this link to changes in the regional wind field. Both configurations span the Indian Ocean and South East Atlantic Ocean (29? W - 115? E, 48.25? S - 7.5? N) at 1/4? resolution. ARC112 includes a two-way, AGRIF nested, 1/12? ch...

Whitford, Dennis James

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. / This work represents a synoptic study conducted in the North Pacific Ocean to determine mass, salt, and heat transports from a calculation of geostrophic currents. Comprehensive depth, temperature, and salinity data were obtained from the INDOPAC 1 and 16 expeditions (April 1976 and July 1977) which covered a complete cross-sectional area along 35 deg N from California to Japan. The geostrophic approximation was assumed valid. A level of ...

Williams, Tania Carol

The Southern Ocean plays a major role in global climate system. An understanding of Southern Ocean dynamics allows for a better understanding of the carbon cycle and possible future climate conditions. Earth System Models are used to study Southern Ocean dynamics and are currently producing reliable global annual carbon uptake but have limiting seasonal abilities. These models produce dependable results on a global scale, with more conflicting results on a basin scale. Here we study the impact o...

Vámošová, Mária

Frequency-based ocean synthesis is a class of methods for generating ocean waves in deep water using physically based ocean spectra provided by oceanographic research. The output of these methods is a heightfield which is periodic and can be used to tile a larger area. However, when using a larger number of tiles, a repetition pattern becomes apparent. Wang tiling is a method of tiling the plane non- periodically by using only a small set of input tiles with given constraints. The aim of this th...

Tyler, Robert H.

The ocean currents flowing through the earth's main magnetic field are known to induce secondary magnetic fields. Hence, variations in the ocean circulation induce variations in the net magnetic field. This research is aimed at exploring the potential for using geomagnetic data to study variability in ocean circulation and climate. / First, general relativity theory is used to formally establish the proper set of electromagnetic equations to be used for observers in a rotating (accelerating) fra...

Weis, Philipp

Zugl.: Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 2006

Chen, Shuiming

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 206-209).

Cantwell, Francine L.

Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1991. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2705. Abstract precedes thesis as 2 preliminary leaves. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-48).

Sprtel, Frank M.

Graduation date: 1998 / Best scan available for figures. Original is a black and white photocopy.

Zheng, Yangxing

level, the standard error of the intercept is underestimated whereas the standard error of the regression coefficients associated with the covariate of the intermediate level and the remaining crossed factor are overestimated. When the ignored crossed factor is at the intermediate level, only the standard error of the regression coefficients associated with the covariate of the bottom level is overestimated. In Study Two, longitudinal multilevel data were generated mirroring studies in which stu...

Pollak, Kenneth D.

No description available.

Gordon, Lawrence Joseph

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / This paper examines the multi-level, primitive equation, global ocean circulation model of Semtner and Chervin for its ability to simulate the seasonal cycle in the tropical Pacific Ocean. The result of a 20-year integration of this model using annual mean wind forcing was reported in Semtner and Chervin (1988). This was the first global eddyresolving ocean calculation and it showed many realistic features of ocean circulation. The ph...

Casey, Kevin Donald

Two approaches to determining the ocean sound profile using measured acoustic modal eigenvalues are examined. Both methods use measured eigenvalues and mode dependent assumed values of the WKB phase integral as input data and use the WKB phase integral as a starting point for relating the index of refraction to depth. Inversion method one is restricted to monotonic or symmetric sound speed profiles and requires a measurement of the sound speed at one depth to convert the index of refraction prof...

Que, Wen Jun

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Government and Public Administration

Tan, Yen Joe

In this thesis, I present results that broadly fall into two themes. The first involves understanding active tectonic and magmatic processes at mid-ocean ridges. The second involves using small stress changes due to the tides to probe earthquake processes at mid-ocean ridges. The four main results of my thesis are as follow: (1) The spatiotemporal evolution of an eruption at a fast-spreading mid-ocean ridge, the East Pacific Rise, is now characterized and understood to be mainly controlled by th...

The geostationary satellite television (TV) signals that are reflected off the ocean surfaces could enter the AMSR-E antenna, resulting in RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) contamination in AMSR-E 10.65 and 18.7 GHz channels. If not detected, the presence of RFI signals can result in false retrievals of oceanic environmental parameters (e.g., sea surface temperature, sea surface wind speed, rain water path) from microwave imaging radiance measurements. This study first examined the geometric re...

Mirhi, Mohamad H.(Mohamad Hussein)

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019 / Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. / Includes bibliographical references. / Comprehensive spatiotemporal modeling and forecasting systems for ocean dynamics necessitate robust and efficient data delivery and visualization techniques. The multi-disciplinary simulation, estimation, and assimilation systems group at MIT (MSEAS) focuses on capturing and predicting diverse ocean dynamics, including...

Oliver, Jacques L.

Studies were undertaken to examine the roles of iron and carbon in modulating prokaryotic growth in the ocean. The context of the first study was an open-open iron fertilization experiment in the high nutrient, low chlorophyll (HNLC) regime in the Southern Ocean. The context of the second study was the oligotrophic, iron-replete, and organic carbon-limited northwest Sargasso Sea. Experimental sea water cultures were amended with an iron chelator, desferrioxamine B (DFOB), and other nutrients to ...